Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 20, Pages 23181-23189Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02712
Keywords
organic photovoltaic; benzodithiophene; chlorine substitution; bulk heterojunction; indoor light
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea Government (MSIP) [2018R1A2A1A05078734]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT)
- Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) [20173010013000]
- Basic Research in Science & Engineering Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2019R1A2C2088022]
- KIST Institutional Program [2E30150]
- Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT [2019M1A2A2072412]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20173010013000] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2019M1A2A2072412, 21A20151513130, 21A20151713274, 2E30150] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Understanding the effects of the chemical structures of donor polymers on the photovoltaic properties of their corresponding organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices under various light-intensity conditions is important for improving the performance of these devices. We synthesized a series of copolymers based on poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-thioethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione))] (PBDB-TS) and studied the effects of chlorine substitution of its thiophene-substituted benzodithiophene (BDT-Th) unit on its photovoltaic properties. Chlorination of the polymer resulted in a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology optimized for efficient charge transport with suppressed leakage current and an increased open-circuit voltage of the OPV device; this optimization led to a remarkable enhancement of the OPV device's power conversion efficiency (PCE) not only under the condition of 1 sun illumination but also under a low light intensity mimicking indoor light; the PCE increased from 8.7% for PBDB-TS to similar to 13% for the chlorinated polymers, PBDB-TS-3Cl, and PBDB-TS-4Cl under the 1 sun illumination condition and from 5.3% for PBDB-TS to 21.7% for PBDB-TS-4Cl under 500 lx fluorescence illuminance. Interestingly, although the OPV PCEs under 1 sun illumination were independent of the position of chlorine substitution onto the polymer, PBDB-TS-4Cl exhibited better performance under simulated indoor light than its derivative PBDB-TS-3Cl. Our results demonstrate that efficient light absorption and charge-carrier generation play key roles in achieving high OPV efficiency under low-light-intensity conditions.
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