Article
Immunology
Emily Feng, Jonathan K. Monteiro, Ana L. Portillo, Elizabeth Balint, Ali A. Ashkar
Summary: Regulation of immune responses during viral infection is critical to prevent immunopathology. NK cells not only promote viral clearance but also limit immune-mediated tissue damage. Our study reveals the immunoregulatory function of NK cells in suppressing IL-6-mediated pathogenic responses in macrophages, highlighting the potential of NK cell therapy for severe viral infections.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lila S. Nolan, Megan T. Baldridge
Summary: This article describes the use of human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) to study the mechanisms of human enteric viral infections in vitro, as well as the role of interferons in antiviral immune responses. These research findings help to reveal important aspects of enteric viral infections and facilitate the development of treatments and vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yingying Lin, Yao Lu, Ziyu Huang, Yuqi Wang, Sijia Song, Yujia Luo, Fazheng Ren, Huiyuan Guo
Summary: This study reveals the promoting effects of M-sEVs and miR-29 on intestinal epithelial regeneration and repair. It provides important evidence for understanding the biological effects of milk-derived small extracellular vesicles and their significance in nutrition.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chia-Ling Chen, Po-Chun Tseng, Rahmat Dani Satria, Thi Thuy Nguyen, Cheng-Chieh Tsai, Chiou-Feng Lin
Summary: GSK-3 is a vital regulator of glycogen synthesis that plays a crucial role in cellular bioregulation. Abnormal GSK-3 activation and inactivation can lead to liver damage. Targeting GSK-3 with drugs is a potential therapeutic approach for liver protection. Additionally, blocking GSK-3 has a protective effect in IFN-gamma-mediated immune hepatitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolyn Bomidi, Matthew Robertson, Cristian Coarfa, Mary K. Estes, Sarah E. Blutt
Summary: Intestinal epithelial damage is associated with most digestive diseases, impacting nutrient absorption, hormone production, and antimicrobial defense. Understanding epithelial repair and regeneration is crucial for developing therapeutics. Research shows that stem cells drive a repair program, involving tuft cells and immature enterocytes in the repair of damaged epithelium.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuxian Dong, Qian Wang, Yun-Ruei Kao, Antonio Diaz, Inmaculada Tasset, Susmita Kaushik, Victor Thiruthuvanathan, Aliona Zintiridou, Edward Nieves, Monika Dzieciatkowska, Julie A. Reisz, Evripidis Gavathiotis, Angelo D'Alessandro, Britta Will, Maria Cuervo
Summary: Activation of hematopoietic stem cells involves molecular adaptations, with Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) playing a role in sustaining HSC function and declining with age. Restoring old HSC functionality through CMA activation suggests it may be a promising therapeutic target for conditions like aging or stem-cell transplantation.
Article
Immunology
Jodi A. Gullicksrud, Adam Sateriale, Julie B. Engiles, Alexis R. Gibson, Sebastian Shaw, Zachary A. Hutchins, Lindsay Martin, David A. Christian, Gregory A. Taylor, Masahiro Yamamoto, Daniel P. Beiting, Boris Striepen, Christopher A. Hunter
Summary: This study found that enterocytes promote ILC production of IFN-gamma that acts on enterocytes to restrict the growth of Cryptosporidium. The loss of IFN-gamma-mediated STAT1 signaling in enterocytes is crucial for early parasite control. Transcriptional profiling of infected mice enterocytes identified an IFN-gamma signature and enrichment of anti-microbial effectors.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. Workman, Elissa Troisi, Stephan R. Targan, Clive N. Svendsen, Robert J. Barrett
Summary: This study confirmed the fidelity of using iPSC-derived HIO modeling system to evaluate intestinal epithelium alterations in response to IFN-gamma, showing upregulation of several genes previously associated with IFN-gamma response in other cell types. The results also indicated that similar gene expression changes and pathways were observed in datasets comparing IBD patients with healthy controls, suggesting the potential of this model in studying gastrointestinal conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Jingjing Deng, Mei Zhou, Tingting Liao, Wenlong Kuang, Hui Xia, Zhengrong Yin, Qi Tan, Yumei Li, Siwei Song, E. Zhou, Yang Jin
Summary: Recent years have seen success in cancer therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced tumors, however, some patients do not respond well potentially due to low sensitivity. Researchers are now focusing on understanding the mechanisms behind resistance to ICI therapy, with a particular interest in ferroptosis as a potentially immunogenic cell death process that could reverse ICI therapy resistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Luis Fonseca Brito, Silvia Toedter, Julian Kottlau, Kathrin Cermann, Anthea Spier, Elina Petersen, Ines Schaefer, Raphael Twerenbold, Martin Aepfelbacher, Marc Luetgehetmann, Felix R. R. Stahl
Summary: There is a need for high through-put assays to measure cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against SARS-CoV-2 infection. A laboratory-developed interferon-gamma release assay-based test was established for detecting CMI against SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) or nucleocapsid (NC) peptides. The test exhibited excellent performance and could be used for routine diagnostics to predict clinical outcomes in future pathogen re-exposure.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyeon Kim, Aleksandra Nowakowska, Young Bong Kim, Ha Youn Shin
Summary: This study established cell lines deficient in both type I and type II interferon responses using CRISPR-Cas9 system, which promoted virus replication and will be useful in viral studies and the development of novel vaccines and therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiandong Wang, Jinyuan Ma, Zongguang Tai, Lisha Li, Tingrui Zhang, Tingting Cheng, Junxia Yu, Quangang Zhu, Leilei Bao, Zhongjian Chen
Summary: This article reviews the use of activating immunogenic cell death (ICD) in enhancing cancer immunotherapy. Nanotechnology enables the stimulation of ICD and improves drug delivery. The potential synergistic benefits of combining ICD induction methods with the utilization of nanocarriers are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lam Nhat Nguyen, Lam Ngoc Thao Nguyen, Juan Zhao, Madison Schank, Xindi Dang, Dechao Cao, Sushant Khanal, Bal Krishna Chand Thakuri, Jinyu Zhang, Zeyuan Lu, Xiao Y. Wu, Mohamed El Gazzar, Shunbin Ning, Ling Wang, Jonathan P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao
Summary: Chronic HCV infection leads to immune activation in CD4(+) T cells with reduced expression of stem cell-like transcription factor T cell factor 1 and telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2). Hyperactivation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling on T cell receptor stimulation promotes inflammation and cellular damage, while inhibiting Akt signaling and enhancing TRF2 expression may provide therapeutic strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christa Kietz, Aravind K. Mohan, Vilma Pollari, Ida-Emma Tuominen, Paulo S. Ribeiro, Pascal Meier, Annika Meinander
Summary: Diap2 is a key mediator of NF-kappa B signaling and innate immune responses, and its interaction with Drice regulates the inflammatory signaling in the intestine. Loss of Drice leads to chronic intestinal inflammation.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mathilde Boccard, Anne Conrad, William Mouton, Florent Valour, Chantal Roure-Sobas, Emilie Frobert, Barbara Rohmer, Vincent Alcazer, Helene Labussiere-Wallet, Herve Ghesquieres, Fabienne Venet, Karen Brengel-Pesce, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Florence Ader
Summary: This study evaluated Varicella zoster virus (VZV)-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in allo-HSCT recipients and healthy individuals using immune functional assays. The results showed that allo-HSCT recipients had lower IFN-gamma release and T-cell proliferation after VZV stimulation compared to healthy individuals. A subset of allo-HSCT recipients showed recovery of VZV-specific CMI, which was indicated by higher IFN-gamma release and T-cell proliferation. Measurement of ifn-gamma gene expression in 24-hour stimulated whole blood could be an accurate test for VZV-specific CMI. The routine use of this immune functional assay for antiviral prophylaxis needs further evaluation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Maximilian Stahl, Andriy Derkach, Noushin Farnoud, Jan Philipp Bewersdorf, Troy Robinson, Christopher Famulare, Christina Cho, Sean Devlin, Kamal Menghrajani, Minal A. Patel, Sheng F. Cai, Linde A. Miles, Robert L. Bowman, Mark B. Geyer, Andrew Dunbar, Zachary D. Epstein-Peterson, Erin McGovern, Jessica Schulman, Jacob L. Glass, Justin Taylor, Aaron D. Viny, Eytan M. Stein, Bartlomiej Getta, Maria E. Arcila, Qi Gao, Juliet Barker, Brian C. Shaffer, Esperanza B. Papadopoulos, Boglarka Gyurkocza, Miguel-Angel Perales, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Ross L. Levine, Sergio A. Giralt, Yanming Zhang, Wenbin Xiao, Nidhi Pai, Elli Papaemmanuil, Martin S. Tallman, Mikhail Roshal, Aaron D. Goldberg
Summary: Measurable residual disease (MRD) is a powerful prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aims to identify pre-treatment molecular predictors of immunophenotypic MRD clearance in AML patients. The results showed that induction chemotherapy led to different MRD responses, with 35% achieving MRD- remission, 27% achieving MRD+ remission, and 38% having persistent disease. Subsequent therapy resulted in MRD conversion in 34% of MRD+ patients and 26% of patients with persistent disease. Specific gene mutations and karyotypic abnormalities were found to be associated with high or low rates of MRD- remission. Patients with fewer individual clones were more likely to achieve MRD- remission. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that achieving MRD- prior to allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) was associated with favorable outcomes. Therefore, the inclusion of patients with specific baseline mutational patterns and high clone numbers in clinical trials should be considered.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lindsay M. Gurska, Rachel Okabe, Alexandra Schurer, Meng Maxine Tong, Mark Soto, Daniel Choi, Kristina Ames, Shira Glushakow-Smith, Allison Montoya, Ellen Tein, Linde A. Miles, Haiying Cheng, Pamela Hankey-Giblin, Ross L. Levine, Swati Goel, Balazs Halmos, Kira Gritsman
Summary: The study found that crizotinib could suppress the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and decrease the disease burden of MPN. Additionally, crizotinib could overcome the persistence of JAK inhibitors by disrupting the interaction between RON kinase and JAK2. This research suggests that crizotinib should be further explored as a potential treatment for patients with MPN.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Koos de Wit, Ulrich Beuers, Anna Mukha, Edwin C. A. Stigter, M. Can Gulersonmez, Jose Ramos M. Pittol, Sabine Middendorp, R. Bart Takkenberg, Saskia W. C. van Mil
Summary: This study investigated the effects of rifaximin on the biotransformation machinery in the small intestine, uncovering its role in promoting ammonia detoxification by increasing glutamine and asparagine concentrations.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jerome Fortin, Ming-Feng Chiang, Cem Meydan, Jonathan Foox, Parameswaran Ramachandran, Julie Leca, Francois Lemonnier, Wanda Y. Li, Miki S. Gams, Takashi Sakamoto, Mandy Chu, Chantal Tobin, Eric Laugesen, Troy M. Robinson, Annick You-Ten, Daniel J. Butler, Thorsten Berger, Mark D. Minden, Ross L. Levine, Cynthia J. Guidos, Ari M. Melnick, Christopher E. Mason, Tak W. Maka
Summary: Mutations in IDH1, IDH2, and TET2 genes are commonly observed in myeloid neoplasms. These mutations have unexpected, distinct effects on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, contrary to previous expectations. Understanding these molecular alterations could lead to the development of more effective, genotype-specific therapies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Troy M. Robinson, Ross L. Levine
Summary: In this study, the researchers used mass spectrometry metabolomics, stable isotope labeling, and functional studies to investigate metabolic vulnerabilities in cancers with mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). They provide compelling evidence that dysregulated lipid synthesis is a synthetic lethal target in cancers with IDH1 mutations, but not IDH2 mutations.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Erica J. Rayack, Hibah Mahwish Askari, Elissa Zirinsky, Sarah Lapidus, Hassan Sheikha, Chikondi Peno, Yasaman Kazemi, Devyn Yolda-Carr, Chen Liu, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Albert I. Ko, Anne L. Wyllie, Erica S. Spatz, Carlos R. Oliveira, Amy K. Bei
Summary: In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, a PCR-based COVID-19 surveillance program was established in childcare facilities to collect actionable public health data and aid in the resumption of standard operations. This study describes the development of a saliva testing program for children and childcare center staff, providing a feasible method of asymptomatic screening and symptomatic testing. The study emphasizes the importance of cooperation between childcare centers, parents/guardians, and staff to mitigate COVID-19 transmission.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Andrew J. Dunbar, Dongjoo Kim, Min Lu, Mirko Farina, Robert L. Bowman, Julie L. Yang, Young Park, Abdul Karzai, Wenbin Xiao, Zach Zaroogian, Kavi O'Connor, Shoron Mowla, Francesca Gobbo, Paola Verachi, Fabrizio Martelli, Giuseppe Sarli, Lijuan Xia, Nada Elmansy, Maria Kleppe, Zhuo Chen, Yang Xiao, Erin McGovern, Jenna Snyder, Aishwarya Krishnan, Corrine Hill, Keith Cordner, Anouar Zouak, Mohamed E. Salama, Jayden Yohai, Eric Tucker, Jonathan Chen, Jing Zhou, Timothy McConnell, Anna R. Migliaccio, Richard Koche, Raajit Rampal, Rong Fan, Ross L. Levine, Ronald Hoffman
Summary: Inflammatory signaling is crucial in the development of myelofibrosis (MF), a type of cancer. Recent studies have identified the involvement of JAK/STAT and NF-kappa B signaling in MF progression. This study further explores the role of CXCL8/CXCR2 signaling in MF pathogenesis, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.
Article
Oncology
James M. Foran, Zhuoxin Sun, Catherine Lai, Hugo F. Fernandez, Larry D. Cripe, Rhett P. Ketterling, Janis Racevskis, Selina M. Luger, Elisabeth Paietta, Hillard M. Lazarus, Yanming Zhang, John M. Bennett, Ross L. Levine, Jacob M. Rowe, Mark R. Litzow, Martin S. Tallman
Summary: This study examined the association of obesity with AML and its impact on clinical outcomes. The results showed that obesity was associated with certain clinical and genetic features of AML, but did not affect patient survival.
Article
Oncology
Vu H. Duong, Amy S. Ruppert, Alice S. Mims, Uma Borate, Eytan M. Stein, Maria R. Baer, Wendy Stock, Tibor Kovacsovics, William Blum, Martha L. Arellano, Gary J. Schiller, Rebecca L. Olin, James M. Foran, Mark R. Litzow, Tara L. Lin, Prapti A. Patel, Matthew C. Foster, Robert L. Redner, Zeina Al-Mansour, Christopher R. Cogle, Ronan T. Swords, Robert H. Collins, Jo-Anne Vergilio, Nyla A. Heerema, Leonard Rosenberg, Ashley O. Yocum, Sonja Marcus, Timothy Chen, Franchesca Druggan, Mona Stefanos, Theophilus J. Gana, Abigail B. Shoben, Brian J. Druker, Amy Burd, John C. Byrd, Ross L. Levine, Michael M. Boyiadzis
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of entospletinib, an oral inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase, combined with decitabine in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have poor prognosis. The combination showed some activity and acceptable tolerance, but the complete remission rates were low and overall survival was short.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laura Boucai, Ryan N. Ptashkin, Ross L. Levine, James A. Fagin
Summary: In this prospective cohort study, the effects of therapeutic radioactive iodine (RAI) on clonal hematopoiesis (CH) were examined. The results showed no increase in CH in patients treated with RAI over a 2-year follow-up period. It was also found that the presence of CH was associated with worse structural progression in both BRAFV600E-mutant and wild-type thyroid cancers.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Cameron Beech, Chen Liu, Xuchen Zhang
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florian Perner, Eytan M. M. Stein, Daniela V. V. Wenge, Sukrit Singh, Jeonghyeon Kim, Athina Apazidis, Homa Rahnamoun, Disha Anand, Christian Marinaccio, Charlie Hatton, Yanhe Wen, Richard M. M. Stone, David Schaller, Shoron Mowla, Wenbin Xiao, Holly A. A. Gamlen, Aaron J. J. Stonestrom, Sonali Persaud, Elizabeth Ener, Jevon A. A. Cutler, John G. G. Doench, Gerard M. M. McGeehan, Andrea Volkamer, John D. D. Chodera, Radoslaw P. Nowak, Eric S. S. Fischer, Ross L. L. Levine, Scott A. A. Armstrong, Sheng F. F. Cai
Summary: Chromatin-binding proteins are important regulators of cell state in haematopoiesis. Clinical trials have shown that the menin inhibitor revumenib can treat leukaemia with KMT2Ar or NPM1 mutations. However, acquired resistance to menin inhibition may be caused by somatic mutations in the MEN1 gene.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pablo Sanchez Vela, Jennifer J. J. Trowbridge, Ross L. L. Levine
Summary: New data reveals the surprising association between clonal hematopoiesis and protection from Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the need for future studies to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying the role of clonal hematopoiesis in tissue-disease contexts and aging-associated diseases.
Article
Hematology
Umeshkumar Vekariya, Monika Toma, Margaret Nieborowska-Skorska, Bac Viet Le, Marie-Christine Caron, Anna-Mariya Kukuyan, Katherine Sullivan-Reed, Paulina Podszywalow-Bartnicka, Kumaraswamy N. Chitrala, Jessica Atkins, Malgorzata Drzewiecka, Wanjuan Feng, Joe Chan, Srinivas Chatla, Konstantin Golovine, Jaroslav Jelinek, Tomasz Sliwinski, Jayashri Ghosh, Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska, Gurushankar Chandramouly, Reza Nejati, Mariusz Wasik, Stephen M. Sykes, Katarzyna Piwocka, Emir Hadzijusufovic, Peter Valent, Richard T. Pomerantz, George Morton, Wayne Childers, Huaqing Zhao, Elisabeth M. Paietta, Ross L. Levine, Martin S. Tallman, Hugo F. Fernandez, Mark R. Litzow, Gaorav P. Gupta, Jean-Yves Masson, Tomasz Skorski
Summary: Leukemia cells accumulate DNA damage, but altered DNA repair mechanisms protect them from apoptosis. Formaldehyde generated by serine/1-carbon cycle metabolism contributes to the accumulation of toxic DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) in leukemia cells. Oncogenic tyrosine kinases (OTKs) enhance the expression of DNA polymerase theta (POL theta) to repair DPC-containing DNA double-strand breaks. Inhibition of POL theta can be an effective therapeutic strategy for leukemia.
Article
Oncology
Maria M. Aivalioti, Boris A. Bartholdy, Kith Pradhan, Tushar D. Bhagat, Aliona Zintiridou, Jong Jin Jeong, Victor J. Thiruthuvanathan, Mario Pujato, Aditi Paranjpe, Chi Zhang, Ross L. Levine, Aaron D. Viny, Amittha Wickrema, Amit Verma, Britta Will
Summary: This study reveals the collaborative role of Tet2 and PU.1 in suppressing leukemogenesis and the significance of a methylation-sensitive PU.1-dependent gene network in myeloid leukemia.
BLOOD CANCER DISCOVERY
(2022)