Journal
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 614-619Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00017
Keywords
ammonia emissions; water body; mudflat; tide; Yangtze River Delta
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41975166, 41705100]
- Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu [BK20170946]
- special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control [19K01ESPCT]
- Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) [FDLAP19001]
- Gao Tingyao Scholarship
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Whether mudflats are an important source of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) remains an open question, despite the fact that over half of the world's population live within 3 km of surface water bodies. Here, we established three sites (lake, river, and sea) that are representative of tide-influenced mudflats across the Yangtze Delta in eastern China. Online field measurements of NH3 and auxiliary hydrometeorological parameters were simultaneously performed over a 9 month period. Surprisingly, the average NH3 concentrations measured at these locations are as low as regional background levels. No pulses of increased NH3 were found at these sites when mudflats were exposed due to receding water levels. High atmospheric NH3 concentrations are persistently associated with high temperatures, but their geographical origins have no overlap with the locations of water bodies. The potential mechanism is also discussed. Collectively, we provide the first direct observational evidence concerning mudflat as a source of NH3.
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