Journal
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 136, Issue -, Pages 721-727Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.097
Keywords
Barley starch; Sulfation; Experimental design; H-1 NMR; Ionic liquids
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Funding
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
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The use of natural resources in a development of products and materials is currently increasing. Starch is one of the investigated resources due to its bioavailability, biodegradability, safety and affordability. In this study, native barley starch was sulfated using a SO3-pyridine complex. The reaction was carried out for the first time using 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid, an excellent solvent for the starch modification. Reaction conditions (temperature, time and amount of the reagent) were studied using an experimental design. Starch sulfates with the degree of substitution (DS) 1.37 were obtained when the reaction was carried out at 40 degrees C for 75 min with 4:1 molar ratio of SO3-pyridine complex:anhydroglucose unit. The determination of DS was based on H-1 NMR instead of elemental analysis, which showed overestimated DS values in this study. Starch sulfates were analyzed with FTIR and HPLC, which showed that products contained small and large sulfated molecules. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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