Article
Optics
Nouman Zia, Heidi Tuorila, Jukka Viheriala, Samu-Pekka Ojanen, Eero Koivusalo, Joonas Hilska, Mircea Guina
Summary: This research demonstrates for the first time the flip-chip integration of a GaSb semiconductor optical amplifier with a silicon photonic circuit, addressing the transition of photonic integration technology towards mid-IR wavelengths. Through wavelength locking and low loss coupling achieved using silicon-on-insulator technology, a promising perspective for the on-chip silicon photonics integration of GaSb gain chips from 1.8 μm to beyond 3 μm is opened up.
Article
Optics
Rebecka Sax, Alberto Boaron, Gianluca Boso, Simone Atzeni, Andrea Crespi, Fadri Grunenfelder, Davide Rusca, Aws Al-Saadi, Danilo Bronzi, Sebastian Kupijai, Hanjo Rhee, Roberto Osellame, Hugo Zbinden
Summary: Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a reliable method for generating secure secret keys at a distance, relying on the laws of quantum physics instead of computational complexity. To industrialize QKD, affordable and practical setups are needed, and the integration of photonic and electronic components is currently emphasized. This study presents an integrated QKD setup featuring a high-speed transmitter chip in silicon photonics and a low-loss receiver chip in aluminum borosilicate glass, achieving comparable performance to more complex setups based on discrete components.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chen Shang, Yating Wan, Jennifer Selvidge, Eamonn Hughes, Robert Herrick, Kunal Mukherjee, Jianan Duan, Frederic Grillot, Weng W. Chow, John E. Bowers
Summary: Epitaxially grown quantum dot lasers offer improved defect tolerance and various advantages, leading to increased interest in exploring photonic integration. Breakthroughs in achieving long lifetime on a silicon substrate pave the way for commercial-relevant device reliability.
Article
Optics
Lukas Elsinger, Robin Petit, Frederik Van Acker, Natalia K. Zawacka, Ivo Tanghe, Kristiaan Neyts, Christophe Detavernier, Pieter Geiregat, Zeger Hens, Dries Van Thourhout
Summary: Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are shown to be a promising light source for visible photonics, with integrated LED devices featuring high current density, power density, and low dark current. These devices are expected to find applications in absorption spectroscopy, bio-sensing, and could potentially be used for building electrically pumped lasers at a low cost.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yuansheng Tao, Fenghe Yang, Zihan Tao, Lin Chang, Haowen Shu, Ming Jin, Yan Zhou, Zhangfeng Ge, Xingjun Wang
Summary: Microwave photonics (MWP) is an emerging field that studies the interaction between microwave and lightwave. The recent advances in integrated photonics have provided new opportunities for MWP. In this study, a fully on-chip MWP instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) system is demonstrated by exploiting hybrid integration of indium phosphide, silicon photonics, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor electronics platforms. The unprecedented integration level enhances the compactness, reliability, and performance of the MWP IFM system, and it has been successfully deployed in realistic tasks.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chen Shang, Eamonn T. Hughes, Matthew R. Begley, Rosalyn Koscica, Marc Fouchier, Kaiyin Feng, William He, Yating Wan, Gerald Leake, Peter Ludewig, John E. Bowers
Summary: Integrating quantum dot gain elements onto Si photonic platforms through direct epitaxial growth is the ultimate solution for on-chip light sources. Recent advancements have been made in devices grown on planar Si substrates, including electrically pumped QD lasers deposited in narrow oxide pockets and on-chip coupling. However, material uniformity limitations affect device yield and reliability. Detailed analysis shows that aligning all pockets to the [1 (1) over bar 0] direction of the III-V crystal improves yield, performance, and scalability for on-chip light sources at a 300 mm scale.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tieshan Yang, Noah Mendelson, Chi Li, Andreas Gottscholl, John Scott, Mehran Kianinia, Vladimir Dyakonov, Milos Toth, Igor Aharonovich
Summary: The use of SiO2 nanopillars enhances the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) contrast of negatively charged boron vacancy (V-B(-)) emission, which can be used in miniaturized quantum sensors in layered heterostructures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yilin Xu, Pascal Maier, Matthias Blaicher, Philipp-Immanuel Dietrich, Pablo Marin-Palomo, Wladislaw Hartmann, Yiyang Bao, Huanfa Peng, Muhammad Rodlin Billah, Stefan Singer, Ute Troppenz, Martin Moehrle, Sebastian Randel, Wolfgang Freude, Christian Koos
Summary: This paper presents a novel hybrid ECL utilizing 3D-printed photonic wire bonds as intra-cavity coupling elements to overcome technological challenges. The research demonstrates that photonic wire bonds enable low-loss coupling, leading to wide single-mode tuning range, high side mode suppression ratios, and low intrinsic linewidths.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhaxylyk A. Kudyshev, Vladimir M. Shalaev, Alexandra Boltasseva
Summary: This Perspective focuses on the emerging field of physics-informed machine learning (ML) quantum photonics, discussing three main directions of ML-assisted quantum research: rapid preselection of single-photon sources via ML-assisted quantum measurements, hybrid ML-optimization approach for developing efficient quantum circuits elements, and ML-based frameworks for developing novel deterministic assembly of on-chip quantum emitters.
Article
Optics
Federico Galeotti, Andrea Fiore
Summary: This paper introduces a far-field sensing approach based on a grating coupler, which can optimize resolution and dynamic range, and integrate with a laser and detector, offering promising potential for optical sensing systems.
Article
Physics, Applied
Byung-Ju Min, Yeon-Ji Kim, Jae-Hyuck Choi, Min-Woo Kim, Kyong-Tae Park, Dong Jin Jang, Jin Sik Choi, You-Shin No
Summary: This study demonstrates the electrically driven on-chip transferrable microdisk light-emitting diodes (LEDs). By using multilayered graphene sheets as contacts, single micro-LEDs are fabricated and transferred onto a chip. The characterization of the fabricated micro-LEDs shows diode-like transport behaviors and polarization-resolved emission properties. This research contributes to the electrification of on-chip microarchitectures.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Woong Bae Jeon, Jong Sung Moon, Kyu-Young Kim, Young-Ho Ko, Christopher J. K. Richardson, Edo Waks, Je-Hyung Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates a highly efficient fiber-interfacing photonic device that launches single photons from quantum dots directly into a standard single-mode fiber. The device utilizes optimized photonic structures and a precise pick-and-place technique, resulting in a plug-and-play single-photon device.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yifan Zhu, Wenqi Wei, Ailun Yi, Tingting Jin, Chen Shen, Xudong Wang, Liping Zhou, Chengli Wang, Weiwen Ou, Sannian Song, Ting Wang, Jianjun Zhang, Xin Ou, Jiaxiang Zhang
Summary: Hybrid integration of wafer-scale 4H-SiC photonic chips with InGaAs quantum dot-based single-photon sources using ion slicing technique enables efficient routing of single-photon emission and integrated photon splitting operation.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Kaiyin Feng, Chen Shang, Eamonn Hughes, Andrew Clark, Rosalyn Koscica, Peter Ludewig, David Harame, John Bowers
Summary: We have successfully grown quantum dot (QD) lasers with electrical pumping on 300mm Si wafers for in-plane photonic integration. The O-band lasers with five QD layers were fabricated into standard Fabry-Perot ridge waveguide cavities and demonstrated high yield and reliable results. Furthermore, efforts to vertically align and couple monolithically integrated lasing cavities on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers showed potential for 300mm-scale Si photonic integration with in-pocket direct molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Frederic Gardes, Afrooz Shooa, Greta De Paoli, Ilias Skandalos, Stefan Ilie, Teerapat Rutirawut, Wanvisa Talataisong, Joaquin Faneca, Valerio Vitali, Yaonan Hou, Thalia Dominguez Bucio, Ioannis Zeimpekis, Cosimo Lacava, Periklis Petropoulos
Summary: This review presents recent advances in silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits. It discusses the available material deposition techniques and their capabilities, and further explores the functionalization of the platform for nonlinear processing, optical modulation, nonvolatile optical memories, and integration with III-V materials.
Article
Physics, Applied
Ryan Hamerly, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Dirk Englund
Summary: In this study, a new configuration algorithm is proposed to overcome the limitations of rectangular mesh interferometers in terms of fabrication errors and reduce the impact of errors on the performance of the interferometer. The algorithm is robust, requires no prior knowledge of process variations, and relies only on external sources and detectors.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ryan Hamerly, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Dirk Englund
Summary: This paper highlights the importance of algorithmic stability in self-configuration and proposes a self-configuration scheme for both triangular and rectangular meshes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Yuan Lee, Eric Bersin, Axel Dahlberg, Stephanie Wehner, Dirk Englund
Summary: The past decade has seen significant progress in experimentally realizing the building blocks of quantum repeaters. A quantum router architecture comprising many quantum memories connected in a photonic switchboard has been proposed to maintain entanglement fidelity over long-distance links and improve entanglement distribution rates. This architecture enables channel-loss-invariant fidelity and automatically prioritizes entanglement flows across the network, without requiring global network information.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Optics
Rui Tang, Makoto Okano, Kasidit Toprasertpong, Shinichi Takagi, Dirk Englund, Mitsuru Takenaka
Summary: This study proposes a novel photonic integrated circuit (PIC) architecture for accelerated matrix multiplication, addressing the issue of hardware errors increasing with device scale in previous architectures. Additionally, a PIC architecture for general matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) is developed to enable high-energy efficiency computing on photonic chips.
Article
Physics, Applied
Hyeongrak Choi, Lamia Ateshian, Mikkel Heuck, Dirk Englund
Summary: The majority of coherent optical radiation sources rely on laser oscillators driven by population inversion. However, accessing the frequency range of 0.1-10 THz (the terahertz gap) remains a challenge. This study proposes a method to produce coherent radiation spanning the THz gap using low-loss dielectric structures. The approach shows potential for high conversion efficiencies and the ability to bridge the THz gap with only 1 W of input power.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Stefan Krastanov, Kurt Jacobs, Gerald Gilbert, Dirk R. Englund, Mikkel Heuck
Summary: In this work, we propose an architecture for achieving high-fidelity deterministic quantum logic gates on dual-rail encoded photonic qubits. The qubits are manipulated by allowing photons to interact with a two-level emitter (TLE) inside an optical cavity. We use a quantum control process to actively load and unload photons from the cavity, while dynamically altering their effective coupling to the TLE. Our numerical simulations show that III-V quantum dots in GaAs membranes hold promise as a platform for photonic quantum information processing.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ki Youl Yang, Chinmay Shirpurkar, Alexander D. White, Jizhao Zang, Lin Chang, Farshid Ashtiani, Melissa A. Guidry, Daniil M. Lukin, Srinivas V. Pericherla, Joshua Yang, Hyounghan Kwon, Jesse Lu, Geun Ho Ahn, Kasper Van Gasse, Yan Jin, Su-Peng Yu, Travis C. Briles, Jordan R. Stone, David R. Carlson, Hao Song, Kaiheng Zou, Huibin Zhou, Kai Pang, Han Hao, Lawrence Trask, Mingxiao Li, Andy Netherton, Lior Rechtman, Jeffery S. Stone, Jinhee L. Skarda, Logan Su, Dries Vercruysse, Jean-Philippe W. MacLean, Shahriar Aghaeimeibodi, Ming-Jun Li, David A. B. Miller, Dan M. Marom, Alan E. Willner, John E. Bowers, Scott B. Papp, Peter J. Delfyett, Firooz Aflatouni, Jelena Vuckovic
Summary: The article presents a novel integrated multi-dimensional communication scheme that combines wavelength- and mode- multiplexing on a silicon photonic circuit, achieving a data transmission rate of up to 1.12Tb/s. The approach is scalable and complies with process design rules for standard silicon photonic foundries.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jasvith Raj Basani, Sri Krishna Vadlamani, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Dirk R. R. Englund, Ryan Hamerly
Summary: This paper presents a novel architecture for multiport interferometers based on the sine-cosine fractal decomposition of a unitary matrix. The unique self-similarity and modularity of our design offer improved resilience to hardware imperfections compared to conventional multiport interferometers. Numerical simulations show that truncation of these meshes gives robust performance even under large fabrication errors, making it a significant advancement in large-scale programmable photonics for practical machine learning and quantum computing applications.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Laura Kim, Hyeongrak Choi, Matthew E. E. Trusheim, Hanfeng Wang, Dirk R. R. Englund
Summary: Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond provide a spin-based qubit system with long coherence time even at room temperature, making them suitable ambient-condition quantum sensors for quantities including electromagnetic fields, temperature, and rotation. The optically addressable level structures of NV spins allow transduction of spin information onto light-field intensity. The sub-optimal readout fidelity of conventional fluorescence measurement remains a significant drawback for room-temperature ensemble sensing. Here, we discuss nanophotonic interfaces that provide opportunities to achieve near-unity readout fidelity based on IR absorption via resonantly enhanced spin-optic coupling. Spin-coupled resonant nanophotonic devices are projected to particularly benefit applications that utilize micro- to nanoscale sensing volume and to outperform present methods in their volume-normalized sensitivity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hanfeng Wang, Matthew E. Trusheim, Laura Kim, Hamza Raniwala, Dirk R. Englund
Summary: This study proposes a programmable architecture based on diamond color centers driven by electric or strain fields, aiming to reduce power consumption and cross-talk constraints in large-scale quantum networks. By densely packing diamond color centers in a programmable electrode array and driving quantum gates with electric or strain fields, this 'field programmable spin array’ (FPSA) enables high-speed control of individual color centers with low cross-talk and power dissipation. Integrated with a slow-light waveguide for efficient optical coupling, the FPSA serves as a quantum interface for optically-mediated entanglement, showing increased entanglement generation rate scaling into the thousand-qubit regime.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiyuan Lu, Mingkang Wang, Feng Zhou, Mikkel Heuck, Wenqi Zhu, Vladimir A. Aksyuk, Dirk R. Englund, Kartik Srinivasan
Summary: The authors demonstrate a method for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) using photonic crystal ring resonators, while maintaining high cavity quality factors (up to 10^6). By ejecting high angular momentum states of a whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonator through a grating-assisted mechanism, a scalable and chip-integrated solution for OAM generation is achieved.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Uday Saha, James D. Siverns, John Hannegan, Mihika Prabhu, Qudsia Quraishi, Dirk Englund, Edo Waks
Summary: In this work, we demonstrate the routing of single photons from a trapped ion using a photonic integrated circuit. The emission of the ion is matched to the operating wavelength of the circuit through quantum frequency conversion. Programmable phase shifters are used to switch the single photons between output channels and achieve a 50:50 beam splitting condition. These results are important for programmable routing and entanglement distribution in large-scale quantum networks and distributed quantum computers.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alexander Sludds, Ryan Hamerly, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Zhizhen Zhong, Zaijun Chen, Liane Bernstein, Manya Ghobadi, Dirk Englund
Summary: In this paper, we present experimental demonstrations of ultra-low power edge computing enabled by wavelength division multiplexed optical links and time-integrating optical receivers. The initial experiments show optical energy per MAC less than or similar to 10 fJ.
2022 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Hyeongrak Choi, Marc Grau Davis, Dirk Englund
Summary: We propose optimal quantum tree network (QTN) designs that are congestion-free, use only local information for routing, completely cover 2D surfaces, and have logarithmic overhead. In cases dominated by insertion loss and limited by local gates, the overhead is logarithmic (log(N)), but in general scenarios, repeater chains can be engaged to achieve poly-logarithmic overhead.
2022 IEEE/ACM 7TH SYMPOSIUM ON EDGE COMPUTING (SEC 2022)
(2022)
Article
Optics
Grecia Castelazo, Quynh T. Nguyen, Giacomo De Palma, Dirk Englund, Seth Lloyd, Bobak T. Kiani
Summary: In this paper, we present efficient quantum algorithms for performing linear group convolutions and cross-correlations on quantum states. The runtimes of our algorithms are poly-logarithmic in the group's dimension and the desired error. Inspired by the literature on quantum algorithms for solving algebraic problems, our theoretical framework paves the way for quantizing many algorithms in machine learning and numerical methods that employ group operations.
