Article
Energy & Fuels
Piotr Lis, Anna Lis
Summary: The majority of education buildings in Poland are equipped with natural ventilation, but modernized windows can only cover a small portion of the ventilation needs. Without installing additional ventilation devices, it is impossible to meet the ventilation standard requirements.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohammadreza Baghoolizadeh, Mohammad Rostamzadeh-Renani, Seyed Amir Hossein Hashemi Dehkordi, Reza Rostamzadeh-Renani, Davood Toghraie
Summary: This paper predicts a CO2 emission model and optimizes design variables to reduce pollutant emissions and building energy consumption, improving indoor air quality and thermal comfort.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giacomo Segala, Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin, Claudio Peroni, Tommaso Gazzini, Domenico Siracusa
Summary: The study proposes a practical method for predicting indoor CO2 levels using short-term environmental data without the need for model pre-training.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Gholamhossein Sodeifian, Zahra Niazi
Summary: This study introduced a model based on artificial neural network for predicting CO2 absorption by nanofluids in a closed vessel absorber system for the first time. The experimental results demonstrated the model's good accuracy and performance in predicting CO2 absorption.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Abiodun Ismail Lawal, Sangki Kwon, Geon Young Kim
Summary: The study proposed AI-based models for predicting air overpressure in tunnel blasting, with the PSO-ANN model performing the best. The model parameters were obtained through field measurements and laboratory experiments, demonstrating a high degree of accuracy.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Gao Huang, Chunjiang Ge, Tianyu Xiong, Shiji Song, Le Yang, Baoxian Liu, Wenjun Yin, Cheng Wu
Summary: The paper introduces a novel method for handling large-scale air quality data, which can simultaneously model temporal and spatial relations and significantly improve AQP results.
SCIENCE CHINA-INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jaeseong Jeong, Jinhee Choi
Summary: In recent years, the rapid development of computer technology has led to the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) -based computational toxicology models that can predict toxicity without animal testing. Various computational toxicology techniques are being used to predict toxicity based on the structure of chemical substances, including quantitative structure-activity relationship. This study analyzed databases, molecular descriptors, fingerprints, and algorithms used in recent studies to understand the development of these models. The findings reveal that AI models have been developed to predict approximately 30 different toxicity endpoints using more than 20 toxicity databases. Molecular access system and extended-connectivity fingerprints are commonly used molecular descriptors, while random forest is the most used algorithm among machine learning techniques and deep neural network is the most used algorithm among deep learning techniques. The use of AI technology in the development of toxicity prediction models is a new concept that can help achieve scientific consensus and meet regulatory applications.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jaesung Park, Haneul Choi, Donghyun Kim, Taeyeon Kim
Summary: Kuwait, known for its extreme heat, has high energy consumption due to air conditioning use. A study developed a Thermal Comfort-based Controller to save energy, with machine learning models accurately estimating MRT and reducing energy consumption by over 10% in Kuwait's climate.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kaiyong Hu, Yumeng Zhang, Dongxia Wu, Huan Sun, Zhili Sun, Shen Tian, Qingfeng Tian
Summary: Heat transfer criterion equations for CO2 were validated using experiment data, and the impacts of various operating conditions and structural parameters on CO2 air coolers were investigated through numerical simulation. The results indicate that inlet dryness and mass flow rate are directly proportional to heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and pressure drop (PD). Additionally, the HTC reaches its maximum at a dryness of 0.2 and decreases afterwards due to a change in flow pattern. The tube spacing, tube diameter, and fin spacing also have different effects on HTC, heat exchange area, and heat exchange capacity.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Han Sol Jung, Seung Gul Ryoo, Yong Tae Kang
Summary: This study established an analysis model using life cycle assessment data to evaluate the environmental impact of a coal power plant in Korea. The results showed that applying a CO2 capture module can effectively reduce the global warming potential. It also emphasized the importance of considering both time horizon and country characterization factor in assessing environmental impact.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zoe Davis, Margaret de Groh, Daniel G. Rainham
Summary: This study developed an environmental quality index for Canada's largest urban areas and examined the influence of population size on index values. The results showed geographical variability in environmental quality across Canada, with the largest cities having lower index scores compared to the smallest cities.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hulin Jin, Vahid Andalib, Ghulam Yasin, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov, Mehnaz Kamal, May Alashwal, Sami Ghazali, Mohammed Algarni, Amr Mamdouh
Summary: Two distinct regression models based on machine learning approach were developed to estimate CO2 loading in solvents. The models of Adaptive boosted support vector machines and Adaptive boosted Gaussian process were employed to approximate carbon dioxide loading in solvents for environmental applications. The study focused on molecular separation for CO2 capture using amino acid salt solutions, and the models showed robust performance in simulating CO2 absorption in liquid phase, providing a time and cost-saving alternative for measurements.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sampath Suranjan Salins, S. V. Kota Reddy, Shiva Kumar
Summary: This study focuses on analyzing the humidification output parameters of multistage evaporative cooling pads, showing that an increase in air velocity leads to an increase in coefficient of performance, pressure drop, and energy consumption rate. Artificial neural network demonstrates good prediction capability for the performance parameters of experimental results, with Trainbr outperforming other networks.
Review
Environmental Sciences
L. R. Lopez, P. Dessi, A. Cabrera-Codony, L. Rocha-Melogno, B. Kraakman, V Naddeo, M. D. Balaguer, S. Puig
Summary: In developed countries, poor indoor air quality has a significant impact on human health. The burden of disease related to indoor air pollution leads to millions of premature deaths. CO2 is the most common indoor air pollutant, and its concentration can be higher indoors due to human activities. Despite ventilation efforts, controlling CO2 concentration below recommended levels is a challenge, with many indoor environments exceeding the threshold. This review explores the issues associated with poor indoor air quality and highlights the potential of indoor CO2 direct air capture to purify air and contribute to the circular economy.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andreja Stojic, Gordana Jovanovic, Svetlana Stanisic, Snjezana Herceg Romanic, Andrej Sostaric, Vladimir Udovicic, Mirjana Perisic, Tijana Milicevic
Summary: The study employed advanced analytical methods to investigate the distribution of PM2.5-bound B[a]P in a university building in Belgrade. The results showed a strong correlation between indoor and outdoor B[a]P levels, which were mainly influenced by different pollutant concentrations. High B[a]P concentration events were found to occur during periods of low temperature, unstable weather, and increased precipitation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Domenico Palladino, Flavio Scrucca, Nicolandrea Calabrese, Grazia Barberio, Carlo Ingrao
Summary: The study compares the energy performance of innovative wall-sample solutions using recycled and natural materials with basic solutions. Results show that the innovative samples significantly reduce heat loss and energy demand, emphasizing the importance of selecting the proper calculation method to account for key variables and features of the energy system being investigated.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chiara Quintaliani, Francesca Merli, Costanza Vittoria Fiorini, Marco Corradi, Emanuela Speranzini, Cinzia Buratti
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of adding vegetal fibers on thermal and acoustic performance in natural hydraulic lime. Different types and sizes of fibers were used, and it was found that rice husk and Khorasan wheat chaff can significantly reduce thermal conductivity. Ground fibers showed good thermal and acoustic absorption performance. However, the addition of fibers reduced sound insulation properties.
Editorial Material
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cinzia Buratti, Francesca Merli
Article
Energy & Fuels
V. Costanzo, F. Nocera, G. Evola, C. Buratti, A. Lo Faro, L. Marletta, P. Domenighini
Summary: This research provides new insights into the application of colored stained glasses in architecture through on-site spectral measurements of colored glasses in a winter garden, and analysis of the perceived chromaticity using the CIE Color Space. The study found that indoor light is perceived as color-neutral despite the majority of glass elements being colored, thanks to the strategic placement of clear panes. Additionally, good reliability in daylight simulation was achieved through a simplified modeling approach.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Costanza V. Fiorini, Francesca Merli, Elisa Belloni, Ann M. Anderson, Mary K. Carroll, Cinzia Buratti
Summary: This study investigates the effect of accelerated aging on the optical and color rendering properties of monolithic aerogel. The results show that after 2.6 years of accelerated aging, there are no significant changes in the optical transmission properties of the aerogel, but the color tends to yellow and exhibit a bluish hue.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Flavio Scrucca, Domenico Palladino
Summary: Energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are two crucial issues in fighting climate change. Current strategies for reducing building energy consumption mainly focus on energy reduction without considering environmental impact. This study assesses the energy and environmental impacts of insulation materials for building envelope refurbishment, and introduces a new Economic and Environmental Sustainability Index (EESI) that considers both economic and environmental aspects. The research shows that sustainable insulation materials can be as affordable as traditional ones when considering their environmental impact, despite their higher initial cost.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesca Merli, Costanza Vittoria Fiorini, Marco Barbanera, Giorgia Pietroni, Francesco Spaccini, Cinzia Buratti
Summary: This study investigates the thermal, acoustic, and hygrothermal properties of innovative panels made from leather waste in a bag factory. The panels were compared with other insulation panels made from residual materials. The results show that the panels have good thermal conductivity, sound absorption coefficient, and water vapor resistance factor values, making them a viable alternative to standard materials.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
A. R. Hassani, P. Domenighini, E. Belloni, T. Ihara, C. Buratti
Summary: Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) is a significant factor in heating and cooling loads for transparent and translucent building elements. There is limited research on estimating SHGC for innovative highly insulating solutions like aerogel-based windows, and existing data lack accuracy. This paper presents a new analytical model for calculating the solar factor of granular aerogel-filled glazing systems. Experimental and simulation results were compared to validate the model, and it was found that the simulation method was more suitable due to its lesser dependence on weather conditions.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Domenico Palladino, Nicolandrea Calabrese
Summary: Solar photovoltaic systems will play a crucial role in the country's energy mix as they can meet growing energy demands while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, challenges such as intermittency and land use need to be addressed. This study evaluates the potential of photovoltaic installations on existing buildings' rooftops without additional land consumption. The findings suggest that rooftops have significant potential, but additional measures and incentives are required to achieve national targets by 2050.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Costanza Vittoria Fiorini, Francesca Merli, Elisa Belloni, Ann M. Anderson, Mary K. Carroll, Cinzia Buratti
Summary: This study investigates the influence of 3-mm monolithic aerogel in the gap of small-scale prototype glazing systems on optical, thermal, and color rendering performance. The results show that thin aerogel glazing systems can increase visible spectral transmittance, reduce thermal transmittance, and improve color rendering.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Domenico Palladino, Silvia Di Turi
Summary: Residential buildings are leading the way in energy refurbishment towards clean energy transition. Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs), based on asset rating, often provide different results from actual energy consumption and savings. A tailored approach considering actual building operation conditions and users' behavior yields more consistent results. This study evaluates heating energy needs of Italian multi-family houses in different climate zones and retrofitting scenarios using both asset and tailored ratings. A cost-benefit analysis is also conducted to assess affordability of refurbishment actions. The analysis shows that asset energy outcomes are slightly higher than tailored ones, but the affordability of energy efficiency measures is significantly overrated, emphasizing the need for a tailored approach for accurate energy savings assessment and economic evaluation.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Domenico Palladino
Summary: Italy aims to reduce emissions by 30% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels, using renewable energy and energy savings. This study investigates the potential of retrofit measures in the Umbria region to achieve this goal. Results show that with current policies, a reduction of 28% is possible, but the integration of artificial neural networks could accelerate progress.
Article
Polymer Science
Costanza Vittoria Fiorini, Francesca Merli, Elisa Belloni, Mary K. Carroll, Ann M. Anderson, Cinzia Buratti
Summary: Monolithic silica aerogel shows great potential as a material for innovative glazing systems due to its excellent properties. This study investigates the long-term performance of silica aerogel by subjecting samples to artificial aging using temperature and solar radiation effects. The results show a deterioration in the aerogel properties after a natural service life of 12 years, equivalent to 4 months in the experiment. The presence of aerogel also leads to slight reductions in optical and acoustic performance and color changes.
Article
Acoustics
P. Domenighini, C. Buratti
Summary: This study investigates the influence of air temperature and relative humidity on the tune of pipe organs by monitoring a real pipe organ over the course of a year. Normalized frequency and absolute humidity parameters were introduced to analyze the data and fitting models and their equations were extracted. The study confirms the slight influence of humidity on the sounding frequency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Domenico Palladino
Summary: Energy Performance Gap (EPG) is a critical issue in the building sector as it can lead to an overestimation of national energy policies. This study aims to quantify the theoretical deviation of EPG in the Italian residential building stock by performing parametric energy simulations. The study identifies a range of EPG variability and quantifies an average EPG as a function of usage profile, which could help correct national energy policies implemented in the building sector.