Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diptimayee Das, Nagainallur Ravichandran Shruthi, Antara Banerjee, Ganesan Jothimani, Asim K. K. Duttaroy, Surajit Pathak
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and is characterized by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet hyperactivity. The incidence of MetS is rising globally, requiring a comprehensive approach for identification and treatment. Lifestyle modification should be the first-line therapy, although pharmacological, nutraceutical, and other interventions may also be necessary. This review aims to provide information on the etiology, molecular mechanisms, and dietary strategies for managing hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet dysfunction in individuals with MetS.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiaoxuan Ma, Meiming Su, Qingze He, Zhidan Zhang, Fanshun Zhang, Zhenghong Liu, Lu Sun, Jianping Weng, Suowen Xu
Summary: By analyzing human plaque tissue data and conducting experiments on mice, this study identifies PHACTR1 as being associated with endothelial dysfunction, which it regulates through inflammation response and NO production, and finds that its expression can be reduced by certain drugs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Alexander Kogel, Sven Fikenzer, Luisa Uhlmann, Lena Opitz, Jasmin M. Kneuer, Karl Georg Haeusler, Matthias Endres, Juergen Kratzsch, Viktoria Schwarz, Christian Werner, Hermann Kalwa, Susanne Gaul, Ulrich Laufs
Summary: The study investigates the effects of acute extensive exercise on the levels of extracellular ASC specks and their impact on endothelial cells. It is found that there is a transient increase in circulating ASC specks immediately after marathon running, followed by a decrease during the post-run recovery period. Endothelial cells are capable of internalizing extracellular NLRP3 inflammasome particles and this internalization leads to an inflammatory response characterized by increased expression of the cell adhesion molecule ICAM1 and enhanced monocyte adhesion.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matej Vicen, Ivone Cristina Igreja Sa, Katarina Tripska, Barbora Vitverova, Iveta Najmanova, Samira Eissazadeh, Stanislav Micuda, Petr Nachtigal
Summary: Membrane endoglin (Eng) and soluble endoglin (sEng) play important roles in metabolic syndrome-related disorders, including endothelial dysfunction, arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia, and diabetes. Reduced Eng expression is a hallmark of chronic pathologies related to metabolic syndrome, while sEng is considered a biomarker of preeclampsia.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daria K. Shishkova, Elena A. Velikanova, Leo A. Bogdanov, Maxim Yu Sinitsky, Alexander E. Kostyunin, Anna Tsepokina, Olga Gruzdeva, Andrey Mironov, Rinat A. Mukhamadiyarov, Tatiana Glushkova, Evgenia O. Krivkina, Vera G. Matveeva, Oksana N. Hryachkova, Victoria E. Markova, Yulia A. Dyleva, Ekaterina Belik, Alexey Frolov, Amin R. Shabaev, Olga S. Efimova, Anna N. Popova, Valentina Yu Malysheva, Roman P. Kolmykov, Oleg G. Sevostyanov, Dmitriy M. Russakov, Viatcheslav F. Dolganyuk, Anton K. Gutakovsky, Yuriy A. Zhivodkov, Anton S. Kozhukhov, Elena B. Brusina, Zinfer R. Ismagilov, Olga L. Barbarash, Arseniy E. Yuzhalin, Anton G. Kutikhin
Summary: This study found an association between high serum calcium/phosphate levels and cardiovascular disease, possibly due to the formation of CPPs in the blood causing endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sidar Copur, Atalay Demiray, Mehmet Kanbay
Summary: Increased serum uric acid levels are associated with metabolic diseases such as hypertension, gout, fatty liver, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Research has identified potential mechanisms involving oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the role of uric acid.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Safaa H. Hammoud, Ibrahim AlZaim, Yusra Al-Dhaheri, Ali H. Eid, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi
Summary: Healthy adipose tissue is crucial for human wellbeing, contributing to energy balance and internal organ insulation, and playing a role in synthesizing and secreting adipokines affecting glucose and lipid balance. Inflammation induced by obesity in adipose tissue is linked to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, as well as cardiovascular diseases, while alterations in perirenal adipose tissue have implications for renal and cardiovascular function. This suggests potential avenues for future pharmacological therapies targeting adipose tissue immunometabolism in the treatment of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disorders.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fan-Chi Chang, Ming-Ching Lee, Chih-Kang Chiang, Jia-Sin Liu, Tai-Shuan Lai, Wen-Chih Chiang, Yung-Ming Chen, Tzong-Shinn Chu
Summary: The study found a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to the general population, with significant associations with levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, uric acid, and angiopoietin-2. This may provide an interventional target for CKD patients to ameliorate inflammation and improve disease outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Gloria Orlando, Barbara Molon, Antonella Viola, Mauro Alaibac, Roberta Angioni, Stefano Piaserico
Summary: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with various comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases. Current research focuses on the pathways linking psoriatic plaques to the cardiovascular system, as well as the potential involvement of endothelial cells in this process.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yizhong Zheng, Craig L. Phillips, Sheila Sivam, Keith Wong, Ronald R. Grunstein, Amanda J. Piper, Brendon J. Yee
Summary: Patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome have a higher burden of cardiovascular disease and risk factors. In addition to obesity and sleep-disordered breathing, other pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients. Positive airway pressure therapy and weight loss have shown beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Joanne Michelle D. Gomez, Katherine VanHise, Nina Stachenfeld, Jessica L. Chan, Noel Bairey Merz, Chrisandra Shufelt
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 6%-10% of women worldwide, with features of hyperandrogenism, irregular menses, infertility, and polycystic appearing ovaries on ultrasound. PCOS is also associated with endocrine and metabolic disorders that increase the risk for subclinical cardiovascular disease.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Derek Strassheim, Timothy Sullivan, David C. Irwin, Evgenia Gerasimovskaya, Tim Lahm, Dwight J. Klemm, Edward C. Dempsey, Kurt R. Stenmark, Vijaya Karoor
Summary: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) were originally thought to be activated by hormones, neurotransmitters, and other mediators, but have since been found to bind endogenous metabolites with potential roles in preventing and treating metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. These receptors respond to various metabolites, including fatty acids, sugars, amino acids, and other metabolic products, many of which are dysregulated in diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Isra Marei, Omar Chidiac, Binitha Thomas, Jennifer Pasquier, Soha Dargham, Amal Robay, Muneera Vakayil, Mohammad Jameesh, Christopher Triggle, Arash Rafii, Amin Jayyousi, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Charbel Abi Khalil
Summary: This study found that levels of apoptotic endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes, especially in those with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The protein contents of these microparticles interact in networks that indicate vascular dysfunction.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noura N. Ballasy, Anshul S. Jadli, Pariya Edalat, Sean Kang, Ali Fatehi Hassanabad, Karina P. Gomes, Paul W. M. Fedak, Vaibhav B. Patel
Summary: The study found that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) treated with high glucose, high palmitate, and lipopolysaccharide released a large amount of proinflammatory cytokines, which may lead to EAT inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes, causing coronary artery endothelial cell dysfunction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aida Collado, Elena Domingo, Laura Piqueras, Maria-Jesus Sanz
Summary: Primary hypercholesterolemia is associated with cardiovascular diseases, mainly due to low-density lipoproteins and low-grade systemic inflammation leading to arteriosclerosis. Studying cellular and molecular mechanisms can provide insights into these processes and guide novel therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)