Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weiguo Yang, Anthony Williams, Qian-Quan Sun
Summary: Our study revealed that in a mouse model, the occurrence of epilepsy is associated with specific synaptic reorganization within the cortical circuits, disrupting the balance between excitation and inhibition and leading to detrimental effects for the patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ludmila A. Kasatkina, Chenshuo Ma, Mikhail E. Matlashov, Tri Vu, Mucong Li, Andrii A. Kaberniuk, Junjie Yao, Vladislav V. Verkhusha
Summary: In this study, the authors successfully achieved optogenetic manipulation and optical imaging using a transgenic mouse model, which enables non-invasive observation and control of cellular and organismal processes in deep tissues using near-infrared light.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Lucia Florencia Franchini
Summary: The emergenece of the six-layered neocortex in reptilian ancestors of mammals is a key evolutionary event, facilitating the development of remarkable sensory, motor, and cognitive abilities in mammals. Each mammalian lineage exhibits unique genetic programs that contribute to the diversity in neocortical development, potentially leading to differences in brain structure and function across species. The human brain, with its large neocortex, has evolved unique cognitive capacities such as abstract thinking, verbal language, and long-term planning, believed to be a result of the cortical expansion and elaboration of connections in the human lineage.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shrey Dutta, Kartik K. Iyer, Sampsa Vanhatalo, Michael Breakspear, James A. Roberts
Summary: Disruption to the brain's oxygen supply triggers pathological dynamics and brain injuries. Here, the authors develop a model of coupled metabolic-neuronal activity that generates burst suppression patterns similar to those of infants after birth asphyxia.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shrey Dutta, Kartik K. Iyer, Sampsa Vanhatalo, Michael Breakspear, James A. Roberts
Summary: This article presents research on the relationship between brain activity and oxygen supply. The researchers used computational modeling to explore the mechanisms by which oxygen depletion generates pathological brain activity and found that restricting oxygen supply leads to transitions from normal to pathological activity patterns. Trajectories through parameter space track key features of clinical electrophysiology recordings and reveal differences in parameter values between infants with good recovery outcomes and those with poor outcomes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James M. McNally, David D. Aguilar, Fumi Katsuki, Leana K. Radzik, Felipe L. Schiffino, David S. Uygun, James T. McKenna, Robert E. Strecker, Karl Deisseroth, Kevin M. Spencer, Ritchie E. Brown
Summary: This study shows that optogenetic manipulation of an ascending arousal system can affect cortical broadband gamma power, cognition, and behavior. Constant optogenetic stimulation increases gamma frequency power and locomotor activity, impairing novel object recognition. Conversely, optogenetic inhibition can partially rescue the elevated gamma power induced by ketamine.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Olivia Krefft, Philipp Koch, Julia Ladewig
Summary: Genetic studies have identified mutations associated with malformations of cortical development in humans, and human brain organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells are used as a model to investigate these mechanisms. This model provides insights into the underlying pathomechanisms of MCD, reflecting the phenotypic features of these diseases.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Shanshan Lin, Yiwei Du, Yujie Xia, Yumeng Xie, Ling Xiao, Gaohua Wang
Summary: Optogenetics is increasingly recognized as a novel technique for studying the neural circuit mechanisms underlying depression. Through systematic review of literature, researchers have demonstrated the potential of optogenetics in exploring neural circuits and investigating antidepressant treatment mechanisms. The rapid development of this technique suggests it may provide valuable insights into the etiology of depression and other psychiatric disorders in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sergey Vakulenko, Dmitry Grigoriev, Andrey Suchkov, Elena Sashina
Summary: In this paper, the main factors determining the danger of stress to a cell as a biochemical system are highlighted, introducing a new mathematical concept of biosystem stability. An algorithm is proposed to find the gene network approximating a prescribed output, using Kolmogorov epsilon $$ \epsilon $$-entropy and deep neural network theory to estimate the number of genes involved in regulating responses to stress. It is shown that the sensitivity of systems to stress is increased by the number of biochemical network parameters affected by stress and the sensitivities of kinetic rates to these parameters.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Luca Mazzucato
Summary: This article examines the complexity of time in natural animal behavior, which is shown to stem from factors such as hierarchy, context, and stochasticity. Recent research has proposed a new mechanistic theory emphasizing the coordinated interactions between mesoscopic neural circuits to generate temporal variability.
Article
Neurosciences
Patrick A. Cody, Thanos Tzounopoulos
Summary: Neural adaptation allows the brain to efficiently process sensory signals despite changes in background noise. In the auditory pathway, contrast in background sound levels leads to different neural responses, but mean firing-rates in auditory cortex remain unaffected by sound level contrast. The neuromodulatory mechanisms behind these phenomena are still unknown.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaohui Mo, Guoxuan Liu, Zeyu Zhang, Xing Lu, Cuiyue Liang, Jiang Tian
Summary: This review summarizes the mechanisms of soybean response to phosphorus deficiency and discusses the prospects of cultivating soybean cultivars with high phosphorus efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Pierre Vanderhaeghen, Franck Polleux
Summary: The advanced cognitive capacities of humans are linked to species-specific cortical features. Changes in neurodevelopmental mechanisms and genomic modifications underlie the unique complexity and function of the human brain. Evolutionary changes in cortical development have resulted in the increased size and connectivity of the cerebral cortex, enabling higher cognitive functions.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alejandro Luis Callara, Alberto Greco, Johannes Frasnelli, Gianluca Rho, Nicola Vanello, Enzo Pasquale Scilingo
Summary: The study identified the brain network involved in olfactory perception and evaluation of odor valence, highlighting the central role of OFC in processing pleasant and unpleasant stimuli. Different brain regions, including CgG, STG, PCC/PCu, and PHG, were also found to play a role in the emotion recognition/categorization and memory processes related to odor perception. Bidirectional interactions between these regions and OFC were observed, suggesting a dynamic change in the hedonic olfactory network based on odor valence.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sivylla E. Paraskevopoulou, William G. Coon, Peter Brunner, Kai J. Miller, Gerwin Schalk
Summary: Variations in reaction time have long been studied in human behavior, but the neural basis for within-subject and within-task variability has been minimally explored. This study used direct cortical recordings to investigate the variance in behavioral reaction time, showing that population-level neural activity differences in the task-related cortical network can explain a significant portion of the variability in reaction time. Specific brain region latencies and cumulative latency differences across the cortical network were found to contribute to reaction time variability.
Article
Neurosciences
Bo Wang, Wei Ke, Jing Guang, Guang Chen, Luping Yin, Suixin Deng, Quansheng He, Yaping Liu, Ting He, Rui Zheng, Yanbo Jiang, Xiaoxue Zhang, Tianfu Li, Guoming Luan, Haidong D. Lu, Mingsha Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, Yousheng Shu
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Guang Chen, Yuan Zhang, Xiang Li, Xiaochen Zhao, Qian Ye, Yingxi Lin, Huizhong W. Tao, Malte J. Rasch, Xiaohui Zhang
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao-jing Chen, Malte J. Rasch, Guang Chen, Chang-quan Ye, Si Wu, Xiao-hui Zhang
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guang Chen, Malte J. Rasch, Ran Wang, Xiao-hui Zhang
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2015)
Article
Biology
Nuo Li, Susu Chen, Zengcai V. Guo, Han Chen, Yan Huo, Hidehiko K. Inagaki, Guang Chen, Courtney Davis, David Hansel, Caiying Guo, Karel Svoboda