Article
Mathematics
Erbet Almeida Costa, Carine de Menezes Rebello, Marcio Fontana, Leizer Schnitman, Idelfonso Bessa dos Reis Nogueira
Summary: Robust learning in Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) is addressed through a comprehensive methodology that considers various sources of uncertainties involved in model identification. The proposed approach provides an overall strategy for uncertainty-aware models in the SciML field.
Review
Engineering, Industrial
Juan Jesus Rico-Pena, Raquel Arguedas-Sanz, Carmen Lopez-Martin
Summary: Blockchain has the potential to transform business management by improving operational efficiency. However, there are performance and vulnerability issues with different types of blockchain applications in different domains. This paper provides a systematic literature review and analysis of models used to evaluate these issues, as well as a bibliometric analysis of the research. The main contribution is the overview of blockchain modeling and its direct applications in vulnerability and performance analysis of existing applications, and in the implementation of new applications.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Erick Talarico, Wilson Leao, Dario Grana
Summary: The article discusses the importance of predicting the spatial configuration of geological facies, compares the advantages and disadvantages of hidden Markov models and recursive neural networks, and proposes a convolutional hidden Markov model integrating recursive neural networks and seismic facies inversion techniques for predicting more realistic geological facies sequences.
MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Zifeng Yuan, Liang Zhou, Dongqi Sun, Fengning Hu
Summary: The continuous expansion of urban land in China has resulted in significant loss and fragmentation of cropland in the country's major grain production areas. Urban expansion is identified as the primary cause of cropland loss, particularly in densely populated, rapidly urbanizing, and industrializing regions. However, specific land policies may contribute to the conversion of other land types to cropland, reducing fragmentation.
Article
Ecology
Liye Wang, Siyu Zhang, Yifan Xie, Yanfang Liu, Yaolin Liu
Summary: This study examines the dynamics of cropland expansion and its impact on cropland fragmentation in three urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It identifies three expansion trajectories - infilling, edge-expansion, and outlying - and explores the relationship between these trajectories and landscape metrics. The results indicate that edge-expansion is the primary trajectory in the urban agglomerations and that infilling and edge-expansion contribute to a decrease in cropland fragmentation while outlying has a negative relationship with fragmentation.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Landa Sankarrao, Dillip Kumar Ghose, Maheswaran Rathinsamy
Summary: This study analyzed the land use changes in the Nagavali River Basin in Southern India over the past two decades and tested various LULC change models. The results demonstrated that the hybrid model MLP-MC-CA performed best in prediction accuracy.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hugo K. H. Olierook, Richard Scalzo, David Kohn, Rohitash Chandra, Ehsan Farahbakhsh, Chris Clark, Steven M. Reddy, R. Dietmar Mueller
Summary: The study presents a methodology to fuse lithostratigraphic field observations with aeromagnetic and gravity data to build a 3D geological model in a small region of Gascoyne Province. Results show that 89% of the model region has >95% certainty for a particular geological unit, with narrow uncertainty regions at the boundaries between geological units. Beyond 4 km depth, additional geophysical survey data with longer wavelengths are needed to constrain the deeper subsurface.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lanping Tang, Xinli Ke, Yuanyuan Chen, Liye Wang, Qiushi Zhou, Weiwei Zheng, Bangyong Xiao
Summary: The study compared the impacts of cropland expansion and urban expansion on the quantity and quality of natural habitat in China between 2000 and 2015. The results showed that cropland expansion had a much more significant impact on natural habitat than urban expansion.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Ying Tu, Bin Chen, Le Yu, Yimeng Song, Shengbiao Wu, Miao Li, Hong Wei, Tingting Chen, Wei Lang, Peng Gong, Bing Xu
Summary: The dramatic expansion of urban lands in China has resulted in widespread cropland losses. This study examines the interaction between urban expansion and cropland loss, identifying socioeconomic drivers and future trends. The results show that urban expansion directly led to the loss of 12 million hectares of croplands during 1990-2019. There is an inverted-U shape relationship between cropland-urban land conversion and economic factors in China. It is estimated that 3.9-4.9 million hectares of existing croplands will be replaced by future urban land expansion by 2050, with second and third tier cities experiencing the greatest loss.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shawky Mansour, Mohammed Alahmadi, Peter M. Atkinson, Ashraf Dewan
Summary: In recent years, socioeconomic transformation and social modernisation have led to the expansion of urban settlements in the Gulf Cooperation Council states, including desert cities. However, the prediction and research of desert urban patterns have been lacking, and this study focuses on the land use-land cover changes in the desert city of Ibri in Oman. The results show that the observed changes were rapid, with desert, bare land, and vegetation transforming into built-up areas. The forecast predicts a significant increase in land conversion from desert to urban in the next two decades.
Article
Environmental Studies
Yan Zhang, Xia Chang, Yanfang Liu, Yanchi Lu, Yiheng Wang, Yaolin Liu
Summary: The study implemented an ecologically constrained urban expansion simulation model in Wuhan, China, based on an ordered weighted averaging operator aggregating multiple ecosystem services. Results indicate that incorporating constraints from ecosystem services is beneficial for ecological conservation, but excessive constraint intensity may lead to unintended consequences such as excessive loss of farmland and irregular urban patterns. A relatively softer constraint strategy was considered optimal for a win-win scenario between urban expansion and ecological conservation.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sujung Park, Kyemyung Park, Jae Geun Lee, Tae Yang Choi, Sungtaik Heo, Bon-Nyeo Koo, Dongwoo Chae
Summary: This study developed machine learning models and a scoring system to predict massive hemorrhage in liver transplantation. Factors such as disease etiology, aPTT, and operation duration were found to be important predictors.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tao Sun, Dongsheng Li, Bao Wang
Summary: This paper studies the decentralized Markov chain gradient descent (DMGD), a variant of the decentralized stochastic gradient method. It analyzes the convergence rates of DMGD on a connected graph, highlighting the critical dependencies on the graph topology and the mixing time of the Markov chain. The numerical experiments also verify the sample efficiency of DMGD.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Marius Zumwald, Christoph Baumberger, David N. Bresch, Reto Knutti
Summary: This study discusses the accuracy of using data-driven models for environmental science predictions and the methods for studying the phenomenon. It proposes three criteria to assess the relationships learned by machine learning algorithms to improve the understanding of modeled phenomena.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weihao Tang, Wenjia Liu, Zhongyu Wang, Huixiao Hong, Jingwen Chen
Summary: This study developed QSAR models using machine learning methods to predict ETCi, achieving satisfactory performance in cross validations. The models and structural alerts proved to be useful for screening ETCi.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ripu M. Kunwar, Aaron Evans, Janardan Mainali, Abdul S. Ansari, Bhagawat Rimal, Rainer W. Bussmann
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2020)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Thomas K. Rudel, Patrick Meyfroidt, Robin Chazdon, Frans Bongers, Sean Sloan, H. Ricardo Grau, Tracy Van Holt, Laura Schneider
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Mahmoud I. Mahmoud, Mason J. Campbell, Sean Sloan, Mohammed Alamgir, William F. Laurance
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bhagawat Rimal, Sushila Rijal, Ripu Kunwar
JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN SOCIETY OF REMOTE SENSING
(2020)
Article
Forestry
Emmanuel O. Acheampong, Jeffrey Sayer, Colin Macgregor, Sean Sloan
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Li Shuen Ng, Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz, Sean Sloan, Alice C. Hughes, Darrel Chin Fung Tiang, Binbin Li, Alex M. Lechner
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2020)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Md Omar Sarif, Bhagawat Rimal, Nigel E. Stork
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2020)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Thomas K. Rudel, Patrick Meyfroidt, Robin Chazdon, Frans Bongers, Sean Sloan, H. Ricardo Grau, Tracy Van Holt
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sean Sloan, Luca Tacconi, Megan E. Cattau
Summary: The fire prevention efforts in Indonesia have achieved some success in reducing fire activity, but the focus should be on degraded lands vulnerable to agricultural incursion to further decrease the occurrence of wildfires.
MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bhagawat Rimal, Hamidreza Keshtkar, Nigel Stork, Sushila Rijal
Summary: The study highlights the increasing trend of forest area, both in the Lumbini Province of Nepal and globally. Scientific models predict a continued increase in forest cover in 2026 and 2036, with the support of policy, planning, and management factors.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kedar Baral, Hari Prasad Sharma, Ripu Kunwar, Craig Morley, Achyut Aryal, Bhagawat Rimal, Weihong Ji
Summary: Human wildlife conflict has a significant impact on the economic livelihood of rural communities in Nepal, particularly through predation on livestock and crop damage. Predators such as leopards and golden jackals are prominent, while crop raiders like rhesus monkeys contribute to agricultural losses. The lack of natural prey and a reduction in distance between wildlife habitats and human settlements may exacerbate HWC incidents.
Article
Environmental Studies
Sean Sloan
Summary: Forest transitions in Latin America have experienced "reversals", marked by significant declines in forest cover following reforestation. These reversals challenge traditional forest transition theories and are predominant in regional forest transition epicenters. Systematic historical case studies are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of forest transitions and reversals.
Article
Environmental Studies
Emmanuel Opoku Acheampong, Sean Sloan, Jeffrey Sayer, Colin J. Macgregor
Summary: Agricultural expansion in Ghana has led to significant habitat and biodiversity loss. While modern farming is perceived to have higher costs than benefits, farmers are still motivated to practice it due to the perceived higher returns on investment. Traditional farmers rely on organic practices, but face declining productivity over time.
Article
Environmental Studies
Emmanuel Opoku Acheampong, Jeffrey Sayer, Colin J. Macgregor, Sean Sloan
Summary: The study found that many rural farmers in Ghana do not adopt agricultural practices because they perceive them to be expensive, not useful, or difficult to adopt. Those who do adopt these practices mainly do so to control weeds, pests, and diseases in order to increase crop yields. Farmers who have access to agricultural extension services and perceive the practices to be more beneficial are more likely to adopt them.