Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Clement N. Uguna, Colin E. Snape
Summary: This review examines the chemical evidence of IQOS emissions and their potential health threats. The study finds that IQOS emissions contain harmful compounds, similar to those in conventional cigarette smoke. However, the researchers argue that previous studies may have underestimated the levels of harmful compounds in IQOS aerosol. Furthermore, IQOS emissions contain carbon particles, which fit the definitions of both aerosol and smoke. The review recommends further research to assess the impact of repeated use and the formation of compounds in IQOS emissions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xianghua Bao, Amin Asgari, Moslem Lari Najafi, Adel Mokammel, Mohammad Ahmadi, Sajjad Akbari, Mohammad Miri
Summary: The study found that physical activity and healthy diet are associated with lower blood heavy metal concentrations in WP smokers, but further research is needed to confirm this finding.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marta Szukalska, Thurman Allen Merritt, Wiktor Lorenc, Katarzyna Sroczynska, Izabela Miechowicz, Izabela Komorowicz, Jan Mazela, Danuta Baralkiewicz, Ewa Florek
Summary: The study compared the levels of essential and toxic metals in breast milk of smoking women, women exposed to second-hand smoke, and non-smoking women. Exposure to tobacco smoke was found to increase concentrations of heavy metals, potentially disrupting the growth and development of newborns and infants. These findings highlight the importance of educating lactating women about the risks of tobacco smoke exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Coral E. Gartner, April Wright, Marita Hefler, Andrew Perusco, Janet Hoek
Summary: Phasing out tobacco retailing is seen as a crucial step in controlling the tobacco pandemic.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Sarah E. Jackson, Sharon Cox, Jamie Brown
Summary: The study examined changes in cross-border and illicit tobacco purchasing in England over the past 5 years, and found that there has been an increase in the proportion of people reporting cross-border tobacco purchases. However, there was no significant change in the proportion reporting illicit tobacco purchases.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Debora Groppetti, Giulia Pizzi, Alessandro Pecile, Valerio Bronzo, Silvia Michela Mazzola
Summary: This study aimed to measure cotinine concentration in the serum and hair of dogs that were exposed to the owner's tobacco smoke and to compare it with that of unexposed dogs. The results showed that cotinine concentrations were significantly higher in exposed dogs than unexposed dogs, and there were differences in cotinine concentrations between different sex dogs. These results confirmed cotinine as a marker of passive smoking in dogs.
Article
Respiratory System
Stefan Pfeiffer, Christian Herzmann, Karoline Gaede, Draginja Kovacevic, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Michael Schloter
Summary: This study reveals distinct bacterial response patterns in the upper and lower respiratory tract to cigarette smoking, leading to a higher abundance of opportunistic pathogens. The clinical significance of these dysbioses for health needs further exploration.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xavier Continente, Elisabet Henderson, Laura Lopez-Gonzalez, Esteve Fernandez, Olena Tigova, Sean Semple, Rachel O'Donnell, Ana Navas-Acien, Nuria Cortes-Francisco, Noelia Ramirez, Ruaraidh Dobson, TackSHS Project Investigators
Summary: This study estimated the levels of airborne nicotine and the presence of nicotine, cotinine, and TSNAs in settled dust from private cars in Spain and the UK. The results showed that smoking inside the car significantly increased the levels of secondhand smoke and thirdhand smoke.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Homa Kashani, Pegah Nakhjirgan, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand, Mansour Shamsipour, Masud Yunesian, Farshad Farzadfar, Kazem Naddafi, Alireza Mesdaghinia
Summary: The study assessed secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and trends in different provinces of Iran from 1990 to 2013. It found that SHS exposure was more prevalent among young people and in rural areas. The highest exposure occurred outdoors among 13-15 year olds, but there was an overall declining trend over time.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Granata, Donatella Canistro, Fabio Vivarelli, Camilla Morosini, Laura Rullo, Dario Mercatante, Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada, Alessandra Baracca, Gianluca Sgarbi, Giancarlo Solaini, Severino Ghini, Ivan Fagiolino, Stefano Sangiorgi, Moreno Paolini
Summary: The Food and Drug Administration has classified IQOS electronic cigarette as a modified-risk tobacco product. However, IQOS cigarettes still release harmful constituents like conventional cigarettes. A study has shown that IQOS smoking damages liver function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Ashley L. Merianos, Roman A. Jandarov, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Eunha Hoh, Georg E. Matt
Summary: By comparing hand nicotine and urinary cotinine as biomarkers, the study found that they have different associations with pediatric illnesses, potentially influenced by factors like family income. Hand nicotine levels were linked to discharge diagnoses of viral infection, pulmonary illness, and bacterial infection in children, showing a distinct association compared to urinary cotinine.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sara Schiavone, Carrie Anderson, Ute Mons, Volker Winkler
Summary: The study found that countries with extensive or complete smoking bans had lower likelihood of SHS exposure in restaurants and bars compared to those with partial bans. Additionally, SHS exposure in restaurants and bars decreased significantly between 2014 and 2017.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Abigail S. Friedman, Jon F. Oliver, Susan H. Busch
Summary: The study found that from 2014 to 2018, increased adoption of smoke-free worksite laws in the United States was associated with reductions in both current smoking and recent vaping, as well as increases in smoking cessation. However, adding vaping restrictions to smoke-free worksite laws did not result in a decrease in recent vaping and may have weakened the impact on current smoking among emerging adults aged 18-25.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Villalobos-Garcia, Hamdy E. A. Ali, Ahmed B. Alarabi, Medhat S. El-Halawany, Fatima Z. Alshbool, Fadi T. Khasawneh
Summary: Smoking is a risk factor for various diseases. In recent years, the residual smoke after smoking, known as thirdhand smoke, has received more attention. This study found that exposing mice to thirdhand smoke for three months is sufficient to increase the risk of thrombosis, and the response to it differs between males and females.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas F. Northrup, Angela L. Stotts, Robert Suchting, Georg E. Matt, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Amir M. Khan, Charles Green, Michelle R. Klawans, Mary Johnson, Neal Benowitz, Peyton Jacob, Eunha Hoh, Melbourne F. Hovell, Christopher J. Stewart
Summary: The study found differences in gut microbiomes of NICU-admitted infants with THS-related exposure, with infants from non-smoking households or with lower NICU-furniture nicotine content showing higher microbiome alpha-diversity. Associations between relative abundances of certain bacterial genera and urine cotinine, surface nicotine, and/or household cigarette use were observed.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)