Review
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Robert L. Wallace, Rick Hochberg, Elizabeth J. Walsh
Summary: Rotifer research has progressed beyond description and population dynamics, and now focuses on neurobiological connectomes, genomic architecture and control systems, physiology, life history, ecological responses, biogeography, morphospace analysis, evolution within Gnathifera, educational opportunities, and international collaboration.
Article
Soil Science
Brianna A. R. Walker, Shane M. Powell, Robert S. Tegg, Richard B. Doyle, Ian G. Hunt, Calum R. Wilson
Summary: Long-term use of ryegrass green manure and brassica biofumigation can improve soil characteristics, microbial communities, and crop yields, but research on long-term effects is lacking.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Siyu Wei, Junxian Tao, Jing Xu, Xingyu Chen, Zhaoyang Wang, Nan Zhang, Lijiao Zuo, Zhe Jia, Haiyan Chen, Hongmei Sun, Yubo Yan, Mingming Zhang, Hongchao Lv, Fanwu Kong, Lian Duan, Ye Ma, Mingzhi Liao, Liangde Xu, Rennan Feng, Guiyou Liu, Yongshuai Jiang
Summary: EWAS has been utilized for a decade to analyze DNA methylation variation in complex diseases, and has gradually become a hot topic of current studies. The progress of EWAS research, contributions to clinical applications, achievements in typical diseases, challenges encountered, and bold predictions for future development are all discussed.
Review
Parasitology
Rogini Runghen, Robert Poulin, Clara Monlleo-Borrull, Cristina Llopis-Belenguer
Summary: Biological interactions play a crucial role in ecological and evolutionary processes, with network analysis providing a useful tool to understand and address the complexity of ecosystems. The use of network analysis in parasitology has increased in the past decade, offering insights into host-parasite interactions and presenting new opportunities for ecological research.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
George Olah, Brian Tilston Smith, Leo Joseph, Samuel C. Banks, Robert Heinsohn
Summary: Parrots are a well-studied group of birds facing extinction, with genetic tools playing a crucial role in transforming the study of their biology and addressing conservation aims.
Article
Communication
Luca Rossi, Nicola Righetti, Giada Marino
Summary: This article reconstructs the academic discourse on social media and elections in an Italian context, dividing it into three components: social phenomena, technological development, and methods and techniques. It emphasizes the interdependencies among these components while also highlighting the longitudinal evolution of each dimension when analyzed independently.
SOCIAL MEDIA + SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Enrico V. Perrino, Francesca Valerio, Shaima Jallali, Antonio Trani, Giuseppe N. Mezzapesa
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of ecology and climate on the composition of essential oils from two officinal wild plant species from Apulia, showing that the ecological context may influence their EO composition and yield chemotypes different from those reported in the literature. Satureja cuneifolia and Thymus spinulosus can be considered good sources of phytochemicals for organic agriculture due to the presence of thymol and alpha-pinene, suggesting a potential use in food, pharmacy, cosmetics, and perfumery industries.
Article
Microbiology
Guillaume Castel, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Marc Lopez-Roig, Severine Murri, Mathilde Couteaudier, Franck Boue, Denis Augot, Frank Sauvage, Dominique Pontier, Viviane Henaux, Philippe Marianneau, Jordi Serra-Cobo, Noel Tordo
Summary: This study monitored the population dynamics of bank voles and PUUV microdiversity over a ten-year period in two forests in the Ardennes region of France. The differences in rodent survival and virus sequence diversity between the two forests highlight the link between host dynamics and virus microevolution.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aditi Verma, Ali Ahmad, Francesca Giovannini
Summary: In the urgent need to decarbonize, the industry delivering one-tenth of global electricity must consult the public on reactor research, design, regulation, location, and waste.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Lei Cui, Jiancong Cui, Zhiyu Hao, Lun Li, Zhenquan Ding, Yongji Liu
Summary: This paper conducts an empirical study to understand the effectiveness of vulnerability discovery techniques. By analyzing attributes from papers and proposing a scoring method, the study provides insights into the effectiveness of these techniques.
COMPUTERS & SECURITY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael Naguib, Michel W. Barsoum, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: Since their discovery in 2011, the number of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) has steadily increased to over 40 compositions, potentially becoming the largest family of 2D materials. MXenes exhibit unique properties such as high electrical conductivity, which make them useful in various applications like energy storage and optoelectronics. The production of MXenes using methods like selective etching has led to rapid growth in research publications and patents, indicating promising commercialization potential.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Zachary T. Wood, Eric P. Palkovacs, Brian J. Olsen, Michael T. Kinnison
Summary: Humans are dominant global drivers of ecological and evolutionary change, affecting the reshaping of ecosystems and natural selection. Human activities play a crucial role in shaping eco-evolutionary potential, influencing the stability and resilience of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Proper management of anthropogenic effects requires a science of human effects on eco-evolutionary potential.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric Allan
Summary: A field experiment offers a new approach to explore the mechanisms through which grazing, fertilizer use, and light availability can influence the biodiversity of a grassland plant community.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elsie H. Shogren
Summary: A new study on food-caching birds shows that genetic markers linked to neural development are associated with variation in cognitive phenotypes.
Review
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yosephine Susanto, Erik Cambria, Bee Chin Ng, Amir Hussain
Summary: Sentic computing is a multi-disciplinary approach to sentiment analysis that combines affective computing and commonsense computing to better recognize, interpret, and process emotions and opinions on the web. Over the past decade, various models, resources, algorithms, and applications have been developed within the field of sentic computing. Future directions involve discussing advancements and developments in these areas.
COGNITIVE COMPUTATION
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Nick J. B. Isaac, Marta A. Jarzyna, Petr Keil, Lea I. Dambly, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Ella Browning, Stephen N. Freeman, Nick Golding, Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita, Peter A. Henrys, Susan Jarvis, Jose Lahoz-Monfort, Joern Pagel, Oliver L. Pescott, Reto Schmucki, Emily G. Simmonds, Robert B. O'Hara
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Xiaoming Lu, Eryuan Liang, Jesus Julio Camarero, Aaron M. Ellison
Article
Ecology
Bert van der Veen, Francis K. C. Hui, Knut A. Hovstad, Erik B. Solbu, Robert B. O'Hara
Summary: Ecologists often use species niches to study community composition, assuming linear response or quadratic curves, but there are differences in species' ability to tolerate deviations from their optimal environment, which can affect relationships between species.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Antoine Adde, Clara Casabona Amat, Marc J. Mazerolle, Marcel Darveau, Steven G. Cumming, Robert B. O'Hara
Summary: The study assessed the value of the integrated species distribution modeling approach for modeling waterfowl distribution across the Canadian western boreal forest, where WBPHS data are sparse. Results highlighted the importance of observational processes related to sampling effort and site accessibility for modeling eBird data. Waterfowl-habitat associations and predictions derived from models using both data sets were close and consistent with the observed species distribution.
Letter
Ecology
Stefanie Muff, Erlend B. Nilsen, Chloe R. Nater, Robert B. O'Hara
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Stefanie Muff, Erlend B. Nilsen, Robert B. O'Hara, Chloe R. Nater
Summary: Despite criticism, the black-or-white null-hypothesis significance testing with an arbitrary P-value cutoff remains the standard way to report scientific findings. However, a lack of knowledge about suitable alternatives hampers progress. This study suggests using a language of evidence as a simpler and more intuitive alternative, which allows for a more nuanced approach in communicating scientific findings.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Aaron M. Ellison, Robert B. O'Hara, Natalie Cooper, Nicolas Lecomte
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Bert van der Veen, Francis K. C. Hui, Knut A. Hovstad, Robert B. O'Hara
Summary: In community ecology, unconstrained ordination and constrained ordination are used to explore drivers of community composition indirectly and directly, respectively. However, existing constrained ordination methods do not explicitly account for community composition that cannot be explained by the predictors, potentially leading to misrepresentation. This article proposes and develops new methods that incorporate predictors directly into an ordination, and evaluates their performance against popular methods in community ecology.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wouter Koch, Laurens Hogeweg, Erlend B. Nilsen, Robert B. O'Hara, Anders G. Finstad
Summary: Citizen science and automated collection methods rely on image recognition for observational data, but recognition models also require large amounts of data, creating a feedback loop. Harder-to-recognize species tend to be under-reported and less prevalent in training data, hampering training for challenging species. This study found a 'recognizability bias' across multiple taxa, where species easily identified by humans and models are more prevalent in available image data, regardless of picture quality or biological traits. This has implications for training future models with more data.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily G. Simmonds, Kwaku Peprah Adjei, Christoffer Wold Andersen, Janne Cathrin Hetle Aspheim, Claudia Battistin, Nicola Bulso, Hannah M. Christensen, Benjamin Cretois, Ryan Cubero, Ivan A. Davidovich, Lisa Dickel, Benjamin Dunn, Etienne Dunn-Sigouin, Karin Dyrstad, Sigurd Einum, Donata Giglio, Haakon Gjerlow, Amelie Godefroidt, Ricardo Gonzalez-Gil, Soledad Gonzalo Cogno, Fabian Grosse, Paul Halloran, Mari F. Jensen, John James Kennedy, Peter Egge Langsaether, Jack H. Laverick, Debora Lederberger, Camille Li, Elizabeth G. Mandeville, Caitlin Mandeville, Espen Moe, Tobias Navarro Schroeder, David Nunan, Jorge Sicacha-Parada, Melanie Rae Simpson, Emma Sofie Skarstein, Clemens Spensberger, Richard Stevens, Aneesh C. Subramanian, Lea Svendsen, Ole Magnus Theisen, Connor Watret, Robert B. O'Hara
Summary: Quantifying and reporting the uncertainty associated with models is crucial in different scientific fields, and there is still limited knowledge about how different fields approach this issue.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lea I. Dambly, Nick J. B. Isaac, Kate E. Jones, Katherine L. Boughey, Robert B. O'Hara
Summary: The ever-growing popularity of citizen science and technological developments allow for rapid data collection on species' distributions. Point process models fitted using Bayesian INLA with SPDEs provide an elegant way to integrate this data. However, the setting of mesh parameters in these models and their effect on prediction accuracy and covariate effects remains poorly understood. This study assesses the impact of mesh parameters on the distribution estimation of the serotine bat in Great Britain and highlights the importance of careful mesh parameterization in model inference.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven I. Higgins, Timo Conradi, Laurence M. Kruger, Robert B. O. 'Hara, Jasper A. Slingsby
Summary: One of the foundational premises of ecology is the influence of climate on ecosystems, but alternative ecosystem state models have challenged this notion. However, using a novel phytoclimatic transform, it has been found that climatic suitability can effectively discriminate between forest and savanna ecosystems in Africa.
Article
Ecology
Philip S. S. Mostert, Robert B. B. O'Hara
Summary: Ecological data from various sources are being collected in large scale, but there is a lack of tools and software to integrate these datasets into a unified framework. This paper presents PointedSDMs, an easy-to-use R package for constructing integrated species distribution models, which simplifies the modeling process and facilitates further analysis. A case study using the package is also presented.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Letter
Ecology
Stefanie Muff, Erlend B. Nilsen, Robert B. O'Hara, Chloe R. Nater
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
