Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Botle Precious Setlai, Rodney Hull, Meshack Bida, Chrisna Durandt, Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi, Aristotelis Chatziioannou, Zodwa Dlamini
Summary: Immune response is crucial for patient prognosis and response to cancer treatment. Tumors evade immune surveillance by altering antigen processing pathways and the tumor microenvironment. This review highlights the molecular signaling pathways involved in immune suppression and how cancer cells manipulate antigen processing to escape immune surveillance. Additionally, the review explores the potential use of these pathways in precision medicine and understanding drug resistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony Tarabay, Alice Boileve, Cristina Smolenschi, Leony Antoun, Marine Valery, Alina Fuerea, Audrey Perret, Pascal Burtin, Simona Cosconea, Hichem Belkhodja, David Malka, Valerie Boige, Antoine Hollebecque, Michel Ducreux
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the use of molecular profiling for personalized medicine in advanced PDAC patients. It found that more than a quarter of patients had actionable gene alterations, but targeted therapies did not improve overall survival. However, specific gene alterations and targeted therapy combinations were associated with better outcomes.
Review
Oncology
Rille Pihlak, Caroline Fong, Naureen Starling
Summary: Stomach cancer is an aggressive disease with poor survival outcomes, but in the past two decades, clinical research has made significant progress in understanding targets and potential targeted treatments for advanced stomach cancer. This article summarizes the recent advancements in targeted therapies and precision medicine in gastric cancer and discusses new potential treatments.
Review
Oncology
Akira Ooki, Hiroki Osumi, Keisho Chin, Masayuki Watanabe, Kensei Yamaguchi
Summary: Esophageal cancer is a global public health concern with high mortality and disease burden. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, the predominant histological subtype, has unique etiology, molecular profiles, and clinicopathological features. Although systemic chemotherapy is the main therapeutic option, its clinical benefits are limited with poor prognosis. Personalized molecular-targeted therapies have not been successful in clinical trials. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic strategies for ESCC patients.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Maheetha Bharadwaj, Mounica Vallurupalli, Franklin W. Huang
Summary: The article calls for improving access to precision oncology therapies in lower- and middle-income countries, highlighting lack of diagnostic ability, trained providers, and drug availability as significant barriers to cancer care delivery. It draws upon lessons from international efforts in oncology and infectious disease to make this urgent call to action.
Article
Oncology
Istvan Petak, Maud Kamal, Anna Dirner, Ivan Bieche, Robert Doczi, Odette Mariani, Peter Filotas, Anne Salomon, Barbara Vodicska, Vincent Servois, Edit Varkondi, David Gentien, Dora Tihanyi, Patricia Tresca, Dora Lakatos, Nicolas Servant, Julia Deri, Pauline du Rusquec, Csilla Hegedus, Diana Bello Roufai, Richard Schwab, Celia Dupain, Istvan T. Valyi-Nagy, Christophe Le Tourneau
Summary: The study introduces an artificial intelligence-assisted computational method, the digital drug-assignment (DDA) system, to prioritize potential molecularly targeted agents (MTAs) for each cancer patient based on their individual molecular profile. Results from the clinical trial show that patients with higher DDA scores experienced better disease control and longer progression-free survival compared to those with lower scores, indicating promising potential of AI-based systems like DDA in improving precision oncology outcomes.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Karin P. S. Langenberg, Michael T. Meister, Jette J. Bakhuizen, Judith M. Boer, Natasha K. A. van Eijkelenburg, Esther Hulleman, Uri Ilan, Eleonora J. Looze, Miranda P. Dierselhuis, Jasper van der Lugt, Willemijn Breunis, Linda G. Schild, Kimberley Ober, Sander R. van Hooff, Marijn A. Scheijde-Vermeulen, Laura S. Hiemcke-Jiwa, Uta E. Flucke, Mariette E. G. Kranendonk, Pieter Wesseling, Edwin Sonneveld, Simone Punt, Arjan Boltjes, Freerk van Dijk, Eugene T. P. Verwiel, Richard Volckmann, Jayne Y. Hehir-Kwa, Lennart A. Kester, Marco M. J. Koudijs, Esme Waanders, Frank C. P. Holstege, H. Josef Vormoor, Eelco W. Hoving, Max M. van Noesel, Rob Pieters, Marcel Kool, Miriam Stumpf, Mirjam Blattner-Johnson, Gnana P. Balasubramanian, Cornelis M. Van Tilburg, Barbara C. Jones, David T. W. Jones, Olaf Witt, Stefan M. Pfister, Marjolijn C. J. Jongmans, Roland P. Kuiper, Ronald R. de Krijger, Marc H. W. Wijnen, Monique L. den Boer, C. Michel Zwaan, Patrick Kemmeren, Jan Koster, Bastiaan B. J. Tops, Bianca F. Goemans, Jan J. Molenaar
Summary: iTHER is a Dutch precision oncology program that aims to define tumor molecular profiles in children and adolescents with high-risk pediatric tumors. Through comprehensive molecular profiling, the program identifies somatic alterations and germline pathogenic variants, which provide valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and targetable information. The program has led to the revision or refinement of diagnosis in some patients and highlights the importance of sequential analyses to capture temporal heterogeneity. However, the application of targeted therapies is limited by factors such as poor performance status and limited access to drugs within clinical trials. Overall, iTHER demonstrates the feasibility and importance of comprehensive molecular profiling in pediatric cancers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Stefanie L. Groenland, Remy B. Verheijen, Markus Joerger, Ron H. J. Mathijssen, Alex Sparreboom, Jos H. Beijnen, Jan H. Beumer, Neeltje Steeghs, Alwin D. R. Huitema
Summary: In the era of precision medicine, personalized dosing based on pharmacokinetic exposure is rational and supported by evidence. The debate on whether randomized studies are needed to confirm the clinical value of precision dosing in oncology continues. Personalized dosing, extrapolating from selected patient populations to each individual with suboptimal exposure, could potentially lead to better treatment outcomes without the need for confirmatory trials.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Kathrine S. Rallis, Sam O. Kleeman, Michael Grant, Katherine L. Ordidge, Anju Sahdev, Thomas Powles
Summary: Radiomics analysis can predict survival, treatment response, and disease progression in RCC patients receiving targeted therapies. Further large-scale studies are needed to validate these findings before clinical application.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY FOCUS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Guo, Hanyi Zhang, Wenri Lin, Lixia Lu, Juan Su, Xiang Chen
Summary: This review article provides an overview of the epidemiology, clinical subtypes, pathophysiology, and comorbidities of psoriasis. It discusses the signaling pathways, metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms, as well as current treatment options and potential mechanisms of disease recurrence.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Danijel Galun, Dragana Mijac, Aleksandar Filipovic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Marko Zivanovic, Dragan Masulovic
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major malignant disease worldwide. Despite advancements in surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment, the incidence and mortality rates remain high. Liver cirrhosis is a common risk factor for HCC, and the risks from both the tumor and cirrhosis should be considered. Precision medicine challenges the traditional approach by tailoring treatment based on individual molecular targets. Next-generation sequencing and genetic markers offer potential for better understanding HCC heterogeneity and identifying vulnerabilities. A shift towards a therapeutic-oriented approach is needed for personalized HCC treatment. Multidisciplinary approval is crucial for decision-making in precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Andrew B. Katims, Peter A. Reisz, Lucas Nogueira, Hong Truong, Andrew T. Lenis, Eugene J. Pietzak, Kwanghee Kim, Jonathan A. Coleman
Summary: Urothelial carcinoma is a malignancy with poor prognosis. The standard treatment is chemotherapy followed by immunotherapy, but the survival outcomes are still unsatisfactory. New targeted therapies have been identified and shown efficacy as second-line treatment, which can be extended to other treatment categories.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yagmur Sisman, Lau Kraesing Vestergaard, Douglas Nogueira Perez de Oliveira, Tim Svenstrup Poulsen, Tine Henrichsen Schnack, Claus Hogdall, Estrid Hogdall
Summary: This study analyzed the mutational profile of 128 Danish patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer and found PARP inhibitors to be the most frequent potential targeted therapy, while indicating the relevance of investigating other targeted therapies based on mutational findings.
Review
Cell Biology
Stefania Kokkali, Eleni Georgaki, Georgios Mandrakis, Claudia Valverde, Stamatios Theocharis, Filomena De Nigris
Summary: The clinical utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is still controversial, with limited retrospective studies providing data on the use and efficacy of targeted treatment. Despite detailed reports on different gene mutations, fusions, or amplifications, there is a lack of information on the effectiveness of targeted therapies in STS.
Article
Oncology
Fortunato Ciardiello, Davide Ciardiello, Giulia Martini, Stefania Napolitano, Josep Tabernero, Andres Cervantes
Summary: This review summarizes the progress in the clinical management of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in the era of precision medicine. Molecular stratification, based on the current treatment algorithm, has been a significant step towards implementing more effective therapeutic approaches. Integrating tumor gene alterations with tumor and microenvironment gene and protein expression profiling, host immune competence, and applying dynamic changes to precision medicine-based continuum of care, could lead to the identification of individual prognostic and predictive parameters for choosing the most appropriate therapeutic program for each patient.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rachael Pettapiece-Phillips, Max Kotlyar, Rania Chehade, Leonardo Salmena, Steven A. Narod, Mohammad Akbari, Igor Jurisica, Joanne Kotsopoulos
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. H. L. George, A. Milea, R. Sowamber, R. Chehade, A. Tone, P. A. Shaw
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ramlogan Sowamber, Rania Chehade, Mahmoud Bitar, Leah Dodds, Anca Milea, Brian Slomovitz, Patricia A. Shaw, Sophia H. L. George
Review
Oncology
Syed Hussaini, Rania Chehade, Ronald Gabriel Boldt, Jacques Raphael, Phillip Blanchette, Saman Maleki Vareki, Ricardo Fernandes
Summary: The study showed a positive correlation between the occurrence of immune-related adverse events and treatment efficacy (ORR, PFS, OS) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for various solid malignancies. However, grade 3 or 4 adverse events resulted in better objective response rate but worse overall survival.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yizhuo Kelly Gao, Markus Kuksis, Badr Id Said, Rania Chehade, Alex Kiss, William Tran, Faisal Sickandar, Arjun Sahgal, Ellen Warner, Hany Soliman, Katarzyna J. Jerzak
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the second leading cause of brain metastases. Despite the use of advanced SRS technology for the treatment of breast cancer brain metastases, outcomes remain poor, with factors such as age, neurological symptoms, treatment choice, and subtype potentially affecting survival.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xin Ye Wang, Michael N. Rosen, Rania Chehade, Arjun Sahgal, Sunit Das, Ellen Warner, Refik Saskin, Bo Zhang, Hany Soliman, Kelvin K. W. Chan, Katarzyna J. Jerzak
Summary: This study examines the incidence of brain radiotherapy for brain metastases among patients with metastatic breast cancer. The findings show significant differences in the cumulative incidence and time to development of brain metastases among different breast cancer subtypes. This has important implications for the development of screening programs or preventive interventions targeting specific subtypes.
Article
Oncology
Kevin Yijun Fan, Rania Chehade, Maleeha Qazi, Veronika Moravan, Sharon Nofech-Mozes, Katarzyna J. Jerzak
Summary: We evaluated the expression of androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer brain metastases (BrM). AR was expressed in the majority of BrM and its expression varied across breast cancer subtypes. AR-positive status did not have a significant impact on overall survival, brain-specific progression-free survival, or time from breast cancer diagnosis to BrM diagnosis. AR represents a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer BrM.
Article
Oncology
Rania Chehade, Maleeha A. Qazi, Marguerite Ennis, Arjun Sahgal, Sunit Das, Sharon Nofech-Mozes, Katarzyna J. Jerzak
Summary: This study analyzed the expression of PD-L1 in breast cancer brain metastases (BrM) and evaluated its potential efficacy in immunotherapy. The results showed that approximately 1 in 7 patients with BrM had PD-L1 positive expression, with the highest proportion in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Further research is needed to study the intracranial efficacy of immunotherapy in these patients.
NEURO-ONCOLOGY ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rania Chehade, Rachael Pettapiece-Phillips, Leonardo Salmena, Max Kotlyar, Igor Jurisica, Steven A. Narod, Mohammad R. Akbari, Joanne Kotsopoulos
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2016)