Review
Immunology
Cao-Sang Truong, So Young Yoo
Summary: Therapeutic cancer vaccines induce long-term immune response by targeting tumor-associated antigens, reducing adverse effects. Vaccinia virus (VV) as an oncolytic virus has promising potential in lung cancer treatment. Non-small cell lung cancer is highly responsive to immunotherapy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuguang Zuo, Min Wei, Bohao He, Anxian Chen, Shiqun Wang, Lingkai Kong, Yenan Zhang, Gang Meng, Tiancheng Xu, Jingyi Wu, Fuming Yang, Hailin Zhang, Shibing Wang, Ciliang Guo, Junhua Wu, Jie Dong, Jiwu Wei
Summary: The study demonstrates that VV-alpha-TIGIT exhibits effective anti-tumor efficacy in various tumor models, particularly achieving approximately 70% complete tumor regression in an ascites tumor model. Treatment with VV-alpha-TIGIT also significantly increases the recruitment and activation of T cells in TME.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shyambabu Chaurasiya, Yuman Fong, Susanne G. Warner
Summary: Oncolytic viruses are a new class of therapeutics that have shown promise in clinical trials, although their anti-tumor efficacy as monotherapy is modest. Most oncolytic viruses are well tolerated, even in immune-suppressed patients, at the currently defined highest feasible doses. Enhancing the potency of oncolytic viruses is necessary for more viruses to be used effectively in clinical settings, thus they are being studied in combination with other therapies for higher therapeutic benefits.
Article
Virology
Lili Deng, Xue Yang, Yuedi Ding, Jun Fan, Ying Peng, Dong Xu, Biao Huang, Zhigang Hu
Summary: In this study, a recombinant vaccinia virus, VG9-IL-24, was constructed, which selectively infected hepatocellular carcinoma cells and induced apoptosis, showing promising antitumor effects. Additionally, VG9-IL-24 blocked the cell cycle progression and suppressed tumor growth.
Review
Oncology
Chigozirim N. Ekeke, Kira L. Russell, Kyla Joubert, David L. Bartlett, James D. Luketich, Adam C. Soloff, Zong Sheng Guo, Michael T. Lotze, Rajeev Dhupar
Summary: Thoracic malignancies, with high mortality rates, often recur locally or metastasize distantly, making conventional therapy challenging. Immunotherapy, particularly oncolytic viruses, shows promise in providing more targeted and effective treatment options for patients with lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and metastatic malignant pleural effusions.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Arianna Mencattini, Christine Lansche, Irina Veith, Philippe Erbs, Jean-Marc Balloul, Eric Quemeneur, Stephanie Descroix, Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou, Gerard Zalcman, Cecile Zaupa, Maria Carla Parrini, Eugenio Martinelli
Summary: Organ-on-chip and tumor-on-chip microfluidic cell cultures are important for modeling organ functions, diseases, drug development, and personalized medicine. Analyzing the large amount of bio-images acquired in these 3D microenvironments is a challenge, which can be addressed by the interdisciplinary contributions of computer science and electronic engineering. In this study, we applied this approach to study the oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV) in cancer immunotherapy, and found a synergistic cooperation between OVV and immune cells in killing cancer cells. We also observed changes in immune cell kinetics and a correlation between cancer cell infection and cancer-immune interaction time.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Howard L. Kaufman
Summary: Defects in tumor cell IFN gamma signaling are linked to resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and increased sensitivity to oncolytic virus infection. Differential expression of innate sensing elements in tumor cells may serve as predictive biomarkers for oncolytic virus immunotherapy in cancer patients.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jee Soo Park, Myung Eun Lee, Won Sik Jang, Jongchan Kim, Se Mi Park, Keunhee Oh, Namhee Lee, Won Sik Ham
Summary: The therapeutic efficacy of JX-594 monotherapy and sunitinib monotherapy was compared in metastatic orthotopic RCC murine models. The results showed that JX-594 monotherapy had better therapeutic outcomes in both early- and advanced-stage mRCCs, while sunitinib monotherapy effectively suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in early-stage mRCC.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alberto Reale, Arianna Calistri, Jennifer Altomonte
Summary: Oncolytic viruses are a new class of therapeutic agents with multiple mechanisms of action, including direct cancer cell-killing, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. Developing an effective delivery system, such as using carrier cells, is crucial to accelerate the clinical advancement of oncolytic viruses. Mesenchymal stem cells have been heavily investigated as carrier cells due to their inherent tumor tropism.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yanrong Zhou, Qianpeng Wang, Qi Ying, Xiaomei Zhang, Ting Ye, Kan Chen, Gongchu Li
Summary: This study compares the efficacy of oncolytic vaccinia viruses carrying different marine lectins in breast cancer cells and finds that oncoVV-AVL shows the highest anti-tumor effect. Further studies show that apoptosis and replication can enhance the cytotoxicity of oncoVV-lectins, but the mechanisms differ in different cell types.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Meraviglia-Crivelli, Helena Villanueva, Angelina Zheleva, Maria Villalba-Esparza, Beatriz Moreno, Ashwathi Puravankara Menon, Alfonso Calvo, Javier Cebollero, Martin Barainka, Igor Ruiz de los Mozos, Carlos Huesa-Berral, Fernando Pastor
Summary: This study reveals a new immune editing mechanism, regulated by IL-6/STAT3 signaling, which silences potent neoantigens derived from frameshift mutations.
Article
Oncology
Emma J. West, Karen J. Scott, Emma Tidswell, Kaidre Bendjama, Nicolas Stojkowitz, Monika Lusky, Marta Kurzawa, Raj Prasad, Giles Toogood, Christy Ralph, D. Alan Anthoney, Alan A. Melcher, Fiona J. Collinson, Adel Samson
Summary: By studying the immune response to oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, we have identified different immune responses and immune exhaustion profiles in patients. These profiles may help develop predictive biomarkers for more personalized cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Namhee Lee, Yun-Hui Jeon, Jiyoon Yoo, Suk-kyung Shin, Songyi Lee, Mi-Ju Park, Byung-Jin Jung, Yun-Kyoung Hong, Dong-Sup Lee, Keunhee Oh
Summary: A new oncolytic virus therapy has been developed that expresses human CD55 protein, which allows the virus to evade complement attack and neutralization by vaccinia virus-specific antibodies. This therapy has the potential to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Quinn T. Storozynsky, Xuefei Han, Shae Komant, Kate C. Agopsowicz, Kyle G. Potts, Armin M. Gamper, Roseline Godbout, David H. Evans, Mary M. Hitt
Summary: Researchers found that cellular senescence induced by radiotherapy may impact the therapeutic potential of vaccinia virus (VACV)-based oncolytic viruses (OV) in treating glioblastoma (GBM). Both a VACV mutant, increment F4L & UDelta;J2R, and the wild-type VACV exhibited attenuated oncolytic properties towards GBM cells under irradiated senescence-enriched conditions, suggesting the presence of senescence-associated antiviral activity.
Review
Oncology
A. B. Carpenter, A. M. Carpenter, R. Aiken, S. Hanft
Summary: Gliomas are challenging to treat due to their resistance to conventional therapies, but immunotherapy, particularly oncolytic viruses, has shown promising results in recent studies. The review provides a comprehensive overview of completed human clinical investigations on oncolytic viruses for glioma treatment.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
