Effect of different ratios of polyaniline:poly(styrene sulfonate) on the hole extraction ability in perovskite solar cells

In this work, synthesis and characterization of polyaniline:poly (styrene sulfonate) (PANI:PSS) is prepared with different ratios of the doping PSS for producing an efficient hole extraction layer in inverted planar perovskite solar cells. The PANI to PSS ratios are investigated using ratios of 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 and 1:7 to find the optimum ratio for high performance perovskite cells. It is observed that decreasing the PSS content leads to increase the conductivity, which reached the maximum value at 1:4 ratio, then a slight decrease happens for 1:3 ratio. The hole extraction ability also increases with decreasing the PSS concentration. The optimum ratio of PANI:PSS is 1:4, which shows the best performance as HTL, the average short-circuit current density and fill factor are enhanced compared with the cells of the performance of 1:3 and 1:5 ratios. The highest cell performance for the cell with the ratio of 1:4 which has Jsc, Voc, FF and efficiency 22.5 mA/cm(2), 0.87 V, 0.42 and 8.22 % respectively.