Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiang Fu, Wei Yang, Haodong Shi, Yingchao Li, Su Zhang, Juntong Zhan, Jianan Liu, Chao Wang, Zhuang Liu, Yong Zhu, Jin Duan, Huilin Jiang
Summary: This paper addresses the issue of improving target detection using polarization imaging technology in complex backgrounds. A polarization mathematical and physical model was constructed by simulation modeling, and image fusion and static experiments were conducted. The results show that polarization imaging detection technology can effectively enhance target contrast, enrich target information, improve image quality, and enhance target detection accuracy.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yuanjie Zhang, Huangrong Xu, Quan Guo, Dengshan Wu, Weixing Yu
Summary: A prototype of a biomimetic multispectral curved compound eye camera (BMCCEC) was developed, demonstrating real-time multispectral imaging on multiple targets with an ultra-large field of view.
Article
Polymer Science
Collin W. Foster, Sreevishnu Oruganti, Francesco Panerai
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the microstructural evolution and porous network development of Room Temperature Vulcanized (RTV) silicone pyrolysis at high temperatures using in situ high-temperature X-ray computed micro-tomography. The results showed that the microstructure evolution and porous network development were dependent on the heating rate, and the bulk sample volume change, porosity, pore network size, and densification were evaluated using X-ray attenuation. The findings of this study are important for the development of multi-physics models for thermal response.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Santosh Lohumi, Byoung-Kwan Cho, Sangdeok Hong
Summary: The study developed an online inspection system using multispectral fluorescence and color imaging to detect potential foreign materials in fresh-cut vegetables. Results showed that the system could accurately detect most foreign materials, but not non-fluorescent tiny dark ones. The system performed similarly in an industrial environment and has the potential for commercial application.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhiqi Zhang, Lu Wei, Shao Xiang, Guangqi Xie, Chuang Liu, Mingyuan Xu
Summary: This paper proposes a real-time processing approach for high-resolution optical satellites, which includes real-time geometric positioning for ROI extraction, fine-tuning of virtual sensor parameters for image registration, and efficient algorithm mapping strategy for performance improvement. Experiments show that the method outperforms traditional methods by 156.23 times and can meet the real-time fusion processing requirement of completing a 5000 x 5000 pixels ROI area every 2.4 s.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michele Basso, Alessio Martinelli, Simone Morosi, Fabrizio Sera
Summary: This article develops a smart pedestrian navigation system based on dead reckoning, which achieves a balance between energy-saving and performance improvement by merging information from various navigation systems. Independent of the smartphone's location, the system compensates for systematic errors and shows a suitable trade-off between energy-saving and position accuracy.
Article
Biology
Wei-Ping Chan, Richard Rabideau Childers, Sorcha Ashe, Cheng-Chia Tsai, Caroline Elson, Kirsten J. J. Keleher, Rachel L. Hawkins Sipe, Crystal A. A. Maier, Andrei Sourakov, Lawrence F. F. Gall, Gary D. D. Bernard, Edward R. R. Soucy, Nanfang Yu, Naomi E. E. Pierce
Summary: We present an economical imaging system that captures multispectral images of Lepidoptera with high efficiency. This system allows for the comparison of colors and shapes among species and increases the amount and quality of trait data extracted from museum specimens.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jelena Vuletic, Marsela Car, Matko Orsag
Summary: This work presents a Multispectral-Depth (MS-D) imaging system for close range plant inspection. The system consists of multispectral cameras calibrated with an RGB-D camera and is compared to state-of-the-art feature-based methods for multispectral image registration. The results demonstrate that the MS-D system performs better than existing methods in various trials, from registering checkerboard images to feature-rich plant images. Additionally, the MS-D system does not require recalibration once calibrated, and has been deployed in growth chambers and indoor farms for plant monitoring.
BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yassine Bouteraa
Summary: This paper presents a smart navigation aid system for blind and visually impaired people, utilizing a decision support system, Raspberry Pi4 board, high-performance sensors, and a haptic voice interface. The system is based on the Robot Operating System (ROS) and incorporates sensor data fusion and a fuzzy classifier for security assessment. Experimental tests have demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed solution.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biology
Edward R. Polanco, Tarek E. Moustafa, Andrew Butterfield, Sandra D. Scherer, Emilio Cortes-Sanchez, Tyler Bodily, Benjamin T. Spike, Bryan E. Welm, Philip S. Bernard, Thomas A. Zangle
Summary: This article introduces a real-time and label-free approach based on quantitative phase imaging to determine drug sensitivity, which has significant advantages over endpoint viability or metabolic assays, and reveals single cell response heterogeneity.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Woheeb M. Saeed, Nathaniel M. Fried
Summary: This study investigates the use of UV light induced fluorescence from blood vessels to indicate the successful sealing of vascular tissues using infrared laser. A LED with a wavelength of 340 nm and 0.1 mW power was used along with a Y-shaped fiber bundle of seven 200-mu m-core fibers. The fluorescence signal in the 470-520 nm spectrum showed correlation with vessel burst pressures, and the increase in fluorescence signal during laser vessel sealing may provide a non-destructive, real-time, optical method for indicating hemostatic seals.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Szabolcs Bozsanyi, Klara Farkas, Andras Banvolgyi, Kende Lorincz, Luca Fesus, Palma Anker, Sara Zakarias, Antal Jobbagy, Ilze Lihacova, Alexey Lihachev, Marta Lange, Dmitrijs Bliznuks, Marta Medvecz, Norbert Kiss, Norbert M. Wikonkal
Summary: The study used multispectral imaging to differentiate between melanoma and seborrheic keratosis, analyzing intensity descriptors of acquired images including ratios of intensity values of different channels, standard deviation, and minimum/ maximum values of lesion intensity, and assessing lesion pattern using particle analysis. The results showed significantly higher intensity values in seborrheic keratosis compared to melanoma, especially with autofluorescence imaging.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Atsutake Kosuge, Satoshi Suehiro, Mototsugu Hamada, Tadahiro Kuroda
Summary: This article presents a real-time multiclass object recognition system based on millimeter wave imaging radar for advanced driver-assistance system applications related to construction machinery. The system achieves highly accurate object classification and location recognition by applying different detectors to each distance data. The system has slightly higher accuracy and lower training cost compared to camera-based systems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Maria Rita Rodriguez-Luna, Nariaki Okamoto, Lorenzo Cinelli, Luca Baratelli, Silvere Segaud, Adriana Rodriguez-Gomez, Deborah S. Keller, Elham Zonoobi, Elisa Bannone, Jacques Marescaux, Michele Diana, Sylvain Gioux
Summary: This study evaluates the accuracy of multispectral single snapshot imaging of optical properties (SSOP) in quantifying bowel ischaemia. The results show that multispectral SSOP can accurately assess small bowel perfusion and provide real-time measurement of tissue oxygenation.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
E. P. Hartouni, A. S. Moore, A. J. Crilly, B. D. Appelbe, P. A. Amendt, K. L. Baker, D. T. Casey, D. S. Clark, T. Doppner, M. J. Eckart, J. E. Field, M. Gatu-Johnson, G. P. Grim, R. Hatarik, J. Jeet, S. M. Kerr, J. Kilkenny, A. L. Kritcher, K. D. Meaney, J. L. Milovich, D. H. Munro, R. C. Nora, A. E. Pak, J. E. Ralph, H. F. Robey, J. S. Ross, D. J. Schlossberg, S. M. Sepke, B. K. Spears, C. Young, A. B. Zylstra
Summary: Inertial confinement fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility aim to achieve sustained thermonuclear burn for energy generation. This study investigates the departure from hydrodynamic behavior when fusion reactions become the primary source of plasma heating. The relationship between ion temperature and mean ion kinetic energy is analyzed using neutron spectrum moments.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Khrabry, V. A. Soukhanovskii, T. D. Rognlien, M. Umansky, D. Moulton, J. R. Harrison
Summary: This study simulated the effects of magnetic configurations of snowflake (SF) divertor and standard divertor on plasma transport and heat flux using the two-dimensional multi-fluid code UEDGE. The results showed that the SF divertor has wider heat flux profiles and achieves outer and inner strike point detachment at lower upstream density compared to the standard divertor.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
H. Reimerdes, M. Agostini, E. Alessi, S. Alberti, Y. Andrebe, H. Arnichand, J. Balbin, F. Bagnato, M. Baquero-Ruiz, M. Bernert, W. Bin, P. Blanchard, T. C. Blanken, J. A. Boedo, D. Brida, S. Brunner, C. Bogar, O. Bogar, T. Bolzonella, F. Bombarda, F. Bouquey, C. Bowman, D. Brunetti, J. Buermans, H. Bufferand, L. Calacci, Y. Camenen, S. Carli, D. Carnevale, F. Carpanese, F. Causa, J. Cavalier, M. Cavedon, J. A. Cazabonne, J. Cerovsky, R. Chandra, A. Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi, O. Chellai, P. Chmielewski, D. Choi, G. Ciraolo, I. G. J. Classen, S. Coda, C. Colandrea, A. Dal Molin, P. David, M. R. de Baar, J. Decker, W. Dekeyser, H. de Oliveira, D. Douai, M. Dreval, M. G. Dunne, B. P. Duval, S. Elmore, O. Embreus, F. Eriksson, M. Faitsch, G. Falchetto, M. Farnik, A. Fasoli, N. Fedorczak, F. Felici, O. Fevrier, O. Ficker, A. Fil, M. Fontana, E. Fransson, L. Frassinetti, I Furno, D. S. Gahle, D. Galassi, K. Galazka, C. Galperti, S. Garavaglia, M. Garcia-Munoz, B. Geiger, M. Giacomin, G. Giruzzi, M. Gobbin, T. Golfinopoulos, T. Goodman, S. Gorno, G. Granucci, J. P. Graves, M. Griener, M. Gruca, T. Gyergyek, R. Haelterman, A. Hakola, W. Han, T. Happel, G. Harrer, J. R. Harrison, S. Henderson, G. M. D. Hogeweij, J-P Hogge, M. Hoppe, J. Horacek, Z. Huang, A. Iantchenko, P. Innocente, K. Insulander Bjork, C. Ionita-Schrittweiser, H. Isliker, A. Jardin, R. J. E. Jaspers, R. Karimov, A. N. Karpushov, Y. Kazakov, M. Komm, M. Kong, J. Kovacic, O. Krutkin, O. Kudlacek, U. Kumar, R. Kwiatkowski, B. Labit, L. Laguardia, J. T. Lammers, E. Laribi, E. Laszynska, A. Lazaros, O. Linder, B. Linehan, B. Lipschultz, X. Llobet, J. Loizu, T. Lunt, E. Macusova, Y. Marandet, M. Maraschek, G. Marceca, C. Marchetto, S. Marchioni, E. S. Marmar, Y. Martin, L. Martinelli, F. Matos, R. Maurizio, M-L Mayoral, D. Mazon, V Menkovski, A. Merle, G. Merlo, H. Meyer, K. Mikszuta-Michalik, P. A. Molina Cabrera, J. Morales, J-M Moret, A. Moro, D. Moulton, H. Muhammed, O. Myatra, D. Mykytchuk, F. Napoli, R. D. Nem, A. H. Nielsen, M. Nocente, S. Nowak, N. Offeddu, J. Olsen, F. P. Orsitto, O. Pan, G. Papp, A. Pau, A. Perek, F. Pesamosca, Y. Peysson, L. Pigatto, C. Piron, M. Poradzinski, L. Porte, T. Putterich, M. Rabinski, H. Raj, J. J. Rasmussen, G. A. Ratta, T. Ravensbergen, D. Ricci, P. Ricci, N. Rispoli, F. Riva, J. F. Rivero-Rodriguez, M. Salewski, O. Sauter, B. S. Schmidt, R. Schrittweiser, S. Sharapov, U. A. Sheikh, B. Sieglin, M. Silva, A. Smolders, A. Snicker, C. Sozzi, M. Spolaore, A. Stagni, L. Stipani, G. Sun, T. Tala, P. Tamain, K. Tanaka, A. Tema Biwole, D. Terranova, J. L. Terry, D. Testa, C. Theiler, A. Thornton, A. Thrysoe, H. Torreblanca, C. K. Tsui, D. Vaccaro, M. Vallar, M. van Berkel, D. Van Eester, R. J. R. van Kampen, S. Van Mulders, K. Verhaegh, T. Verhaeghe, N. Vianello, F. Villone, E. Viezzer, B. Vincent, I Voitsekhovitch, N. M. T. Vu, N. Walkden, T. Wauters, H. Weisen, N. Wendler, M. Wensing, F. Widmer, S. Wiesen, M. Wischmeier, T. A. Wijkamp, D. Wunderlich, C. Wuthrich, V Yanovskiy, J. Zebrowski
Summary: The tokamak configuration variable (TCV) continues to address critical issues in fusion power preparation through its unique shaping capabilities, flexible heating systems, and modern control system. Significant progress has been made in the 2019-20 campaign, with the installation of removable divertor gas baffles, upgraded diagnostic capabilities, and new heating systems. The results of the TCV campaign demonstrate its successful integration within the European research effort and international collaborations.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Perek, M. Wensing, K. Verhaegh, B. L. Linehan, H. Reimerdes, C. Bowman, M. van Berkel, I. G. J. Classen, B. P. Duval, O. Fevrier, J. T. W. Koenders, T. Ravensbergen, C. Theiler, M. R. de Baar
Summary: This work presents the use of a collisional-radiative model to infer plasma parameters from 2D emissivities of several deuterium Balmer lines. The analysis compares and validates the results against a simulation and reveals the effects of particle transport in the scrape-off layer. The study also shows prospects for aiding the power exhaust control efforts.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. Verhaegh, B. Lipschultz, J. R. Harrison, N. Osborne, A. C. Williams, P. Ryan, J. Allcock, J. G. Clark, F. Federici, B. Kool, T. Wijkamp, A. Fil, D. Moulton, O. Myatra, A. Thornton, T. O. S. J. Bosman, C. Bowman, G. Cunningham, B. P. Duval, S. Henderson, R. Scannell
Summary: In this study, we analyze the atomic and molecular processes during detachment in the MAST-U Super-X divertor using divertor spectroscopy data. Our findings suggest that detachment in the MAST-U Super-X divertor can be divided into four phases: ionisation region detachment, molecular activated recombination and dissociation, detachment of the molecular activated recombination region, and decay of electron density. Plasma-molecule interactions have a significant impact on hydrogen atomic line emission in MAST-U, and the Fulcher band emission profile in the divertor can serve as a proxy for the ionisation region and a plasma temperature diagnostic tool.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jonathan Roeltgen, Mike Kotschenreuther, James Harrison, David Moulton, Zhong-Ping Chen, Swadesh Mahajan
Summary: Through SOLPS-ITER simulations, it was found that the X-divertor (XD) on DIII-D and the super X-divertor (SXD) on MAST-U had higher carbon emissivity compared to the corresponding standard divertors (SD) at similar levels of partial detachment. A simple 0D transport model was used to analyze the reasons behind the increased emissivity in the XD and SXD. The results showed that the shorter impurity confinement time and the increase in the ratio of neutral hydrogen to electron density were the major causes for the increased emissivity.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. T. W. Koenders, A. Perek, B. Kool, O. Fevrier, T. Ravensbergen, C. Galperti, B. P. Duval, C. Theiler, M. van Berkel
Summary: This paper presents the first result of using nitrogen-seeded exhaust feedback control to manipulate the NII impurity emission front in TCV. It demonstrates that the NII front is representative of a colder plasma region and its position can be controlled using nitrogen seeding or deuterium fueling as actuators. The response of the NII front to nitrogen actuation is stronger but slower compared to deuterium actuation. However, moving the NII front back to the target position after pushing it towards the x-point is challenging.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
B. L. Linehan, A. Perek, B. P. Duval, F. Bagnato, P. Blanchard, C. Colandrea, H. De Oliveira, O. Fevrier, E. Flom, S. Gorno, M. Goto, E. Marmar, L. Martinelli, A. Mathews, J. Munoz-Burgos, D. Mykytchuk, N. Offeddu, D. S. Oliveira, H. Reimerdes, D. Reiter, O. Schmitz, J. L. Terry, C. Theiler, C. K. Tsui, B. Vincent, T. Wijkamp, C. Wuethrich, W. Zholobenko
Summary: Multi-spectral imaging of Helium emission (HeMSI) was used to create 2D poloidal maps of Te and ne in the divertor of TCV. The imaging technique involved simultaneously capturing multiple helium spectral lines and applying a collisional-radiative model to obtain the Te and ne distributions. Comparison with Thomson scattering measurements showed good agreement, except for cases of high Te values in majority deuterium plasmas and high ne measurements in the private flux region.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. W. Berkery, S. A. Sabbagh, L. Kogan, S. Gibson, D. Ryan, V Zamkovska, J. Butt, J. Harrison, S. Henderson
Summary: The MAST-U fusion plasma research device has completed its first campaign of physics operation, showing a generally stable performance within the established stability limits. However, disruptions do occur in the flat-top phase of MAST-U plasmas. Possible strategies to avoid these disruptions and expand the operational space of MAST-U in future campaigns are discussed.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. Verhaegh, A. C. Williams, D. Moulton, B. Lipschultz, B. P. Duval, O. Fevrier, A. Fil, J. Harrison, N. Osborne, H. Reimerdes, C. Theiler
Summary: Plasma-molecular interactions generate molecular ions that react with the plasma, contributing to detachment through molecular activated recombination (MAR) and molecular activated dissociation (MAD), which create excited atoms. Experimental studies have observed hydrogen emission from these atoms in detached plasmas. However, simulations were in disagreement with experimental findings, suggesting an underestimation of molecular charge exchange rate for deuterium. New simulations were performed to investigate the impact of disabling ion isotope mass rescaling. The findings showed improved agreement between experiment and simulations in terms of spectroscopic measurements, ion source/sink inferences, and ion target flux roll-over.
Correction
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. T. W. Koenders, A. Perek, B. Kool, O. Fevrier, T. Ravensbergen, C. Galperti, B. P. Duval, C. Theiler, M. van Berkel
Summary: In the published paper titled 'Model-based impurity emission front control using deuterium fueling and nitrogen seeding in TCV' (2023 Nucl. Fusion 63 026006), there is an error in the legend of figure 5 where the colors red and blue are switched. This corrigendum provides the correct legend for figure 5.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
T. A. Wijkamp, J. S. Allcock, X. Feng, B. Kool, B. Lipschultz, K. Verhaegh, B. P. Duval, J. R. Harrison, L. Kogan, N. Lonigro, A. Perek, P. Ryan, R. M. Sharples, I. G. J. Classen, R. J. E. Jaspers
Summary: In this study, the first 2D spatially resolved description of radiative detachment in MAST-U Super-X L-mode divertor plasmas is provided. Filtered camera imaging is used to reconstruct 2D emissivity profiles for multiple atomic and molecular emissions. The analysis of deuterium fuelling scans reveals the transition from attached to deeply detached divertor states. The results show the detachment of the deuterium ionisation front and the appearance of molecular activated recombination near the target.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Fabio Federici, Matthew L. Reinke, Bruce Lipschultz, Andrew J. Thornton, James R. Harrison, Jack J. Lovell, Matthias Bernert, MAST Upgrade Team
Summary: A prototype infrared video bolometer was successfully deployed in the MAST Upgrade tokamak to study radiation around the lower x-point. The system was fully characterized before installation and verified to match the design. The measurements from the installed IRVB were consistent with other diagnostics and showed the progression of radiative detachment.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. Verhaegh, B. Lipschultz, J. R. Harrison, F. Federici, D. Moulton, N. Lonigro, S. P. Kobussen, M. O'Mullane, N. Osborne, P. Ryan, T. Wijkamp, B. Kool, E. Rose, C. Theiler, A. J. Thornton
Summary: This paper presents the first quantitative analysis of detachment processes in the MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor. It identifies the impact of plasma-molecular interactions and discusses ion sinks, ionization outside the divertor chamber, electron-ion recombination, and the dominant neutral atom creation process. The study also compares radiative power losses with previous results and highlights the evidence of similar characterizations in higher heat flux discharges.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. T. W. Koenders, A. Perek, C. Galperti, B. P. Duval, O. Fevrier, C. Theiler, M. van Berkel, TCV Team
Summary: In this paper, the first results of a systematically designed multi-input multi-output gas-injection controller on TCV are presented. The simultaneous real-time control of the NII emission front position and line-integrated electron density is demonstrated using nitrogen and deuterium gas injection. By redefining inputs and decoupling the control loops, the interaction between the control loops can be reduced to a manageable level.
