Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zi Lin, Lin-Quan Gong, Jing-Jing Xu, Jia-Jia Jiang, Jun-Cheng Jiang
Summary: This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method for the layout design of chemical process plants, aiming to achieve a trade-off between economy and safety. The economic objective is evaluated by considering the total capital cost, while the safety objective is evaluated by the Comprehensive Inherent Safety Index (CISI). The proposed method is applied to optimize the layout of an acrylic acid production plant using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). The results show a clear trade-off between economic and safety objectives according to the Pareto curve.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ralph Zhao, Theodore R. Furman, Megan Roth
Summary: Process safety testing is crucial for the scale-up and manufacturing of small molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to proactively identify any safety hazards, including environmental and industrial hygiene issues. Merck & Co., Inc. manages process safety testing for pilot plant and manufacturing scale operations with a stagewise approach, and will discuss several case studies to illustrate this.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Prabuddhi Kalpana Rathnasekara, Manisha Yasanthi Gunasekera
Summary: This study presents a risk-based methodology for selecting the most environmentally friendly chemical process route. By introducing the Chemical Inherent Environmental Risk Index, which incorporates the magnitude of environmental impact, the occurrence frequency of accidents, and the vulnerability of environmental elements, the study assesses four possible acetone production process routes and identifies the propene oxidation process route as the least environmentally friendly.
RESULTS IN ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jeffrey M. Ting
Summary: Chemical safety education is crucial for creating a culture of safety in academic research settings. Safety moments, which raise awareness about routine safety issues in research laboratories, serve as a proactive way to foster open communication among students and faculty across science and engineering disciplines. By designing effective safety moments and tailoring them to practical safety needs, institutions can combat complacency and encourage local dialogue on safety, ultimately leading to long-term improvements in lab safety culture.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Elahe Anbari, Mehdi Parvini
Summary: The layout of a process plant is crucial for improving its performance and reducing economic damages in case of accidents. This study proposes a mathematical model that considers various scenarios and safety devices to optimize the plant layout. Results show that the model can significantly reduce costs and improve safety.
COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samir Meramo-Hurtado, Nicolas Ceballos-Arrieta, Jose Cortes-Caballero, Jeffrey Leon-Pulido, Arturo Gonzalez-Quiroga, Angel Dario Gonzalez-Delgado
Summary: In this study, the inherent safety analysis of large-scale production of chitosan microbeads modified with TiO2 nanoparticles was conducted using the Inherent Safety Index methodology. The analysis revealed that the main risks are associated with the handling and properties of TTIP.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qiusheng Song, Peng Jiang, Song Zheng
Summary: This paper proposes a safety assessment method for chemical plant production process that comprehensively considers the safety influencing elements of human factors. The method combines analytic hierarchy process and cloud model for evaluation, and simulation results show that it is reliable, practical, and scientific.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiaxing Zhu, Zixuan Liu, Zhengrong Cao, Xiaoyi Han, Lin Hao, Hongyuan Wei
Summary: This paper proposes a general inherent safety assessment tool for evaluating inherent safety level in the early design stage of chemical processes. The tool addresses the limitations of existing tools and accelerates the implementation of inherent safety design.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Roberts, Alison L. O'Neil, Rachael Barlow, Camille Keeler, William S. Nelligan, T. David Westmoreland
Summary: By introducing the Chemical Hygiene and Safety badge and related curricular activities, students reported greater competence and confidence in laboratory safety principles.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sharmin Sultana, Stein Haugen
Summary: Inherent safer design is a proactive approach to risk management, but it has limitations. This study proposes an inherent system safety index to evaluate inherently safer design, ensuring safety of chemical process systems, worker health, and environmental safety. The inherent safety index is calculated by scoring parameters based on their deviation from a non-harmful condition, with a case study showing MMA production followed by Tertiary butyl alcohol as the safest route.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bing Niu, Hui Zhang, Guangya Zhou, Shuwen Zhang, Yunfeng Yang, Xiaojun Deng, Qin Chen
Summary: This study established a health risk assessment model and a safety risk early warning model for chemical hazards in edible vegetable oil, providing targeted suggestions for the supervision of edible vegetable oil safety and improving supervision efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David C. Finster, Kristen L. Murphy
Summary: The construction of the 2019 ACS Exam for Chemical Health and Safety faced a unique challenge due to the lack of a standardized curriculum in chemical health and safety instruction in the United States.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anil Kumar Singh, Muhammad Bilal, Teofil Jesionowski, Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
Summary: Lignin-modifying enzymes (LMEs) are important biocatalysts in environmental remediation. This study used predictive toxicological and computational frameworks to assess the hazards of pollutants and predict their degradation using LMEs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Swapnil L. Sonawane, Vikas J. Patil, Rodney A. Tigaa
Summary: This study conducted an online chemical safety survey to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards chemical safety among chemistry students in India and the USA. The results revealed that while most students had received safety training, there were still deficiencies in their laboratory safety practices and identification of hazard symbols. The study also highlighted the significant role of institutional policies and educators in shaping student attitudes towards chemical safety and practices.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Akshay Kumar Singh, Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, Ajai Singh, Pardeep Singh, Sughosh Madhav, Sushil Kumar Shukla
Summary: Air pollution is a global environmental issue that needs immediate attention for sustainable control. Pollutants released from human and natural processes pose serious threats to the environment and human health. Green belt development using air pollution-tolerant plant species has become a popular approach for air pollution remediation. The biochemical and physiological attributes of plants, as well as socio-economic characteristics, are considered for assessing air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API). Studies show that ascorbic acid has a strong correlation with APTI.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xingxing Hu, Lingjie Liu, Yanmeng Bi, Lu Li, Chunsheng Qiu, Jingjie Yu, Shaopo Wang
Summary: In this study, the impact of exogenous folate on the start-up process of single-stage partial nitritation-anammox (SPNA) was evaluated using two lab-scale reactors. The results showed that folate addition can enhance nitrogen removal rate, extracellular polymeric substances production, hydrazine oxidase and dehydrogenase activity, as well as the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shaocang He, Tingting Shen, Jing Sun, Haoqi Pan, Chenxu Sun, Tianpeng Li, Runyao Li, Enshan Zhang
Summary: A novel process of acid leaching neutralization was developed for the preparation of inorganic polymeric composite ferric aluminum silicate coagulant (CFAS) using solid waste coal gasification coarse slag (CGCS). The optimized preparation process was determined through single-factor experiment and the performance of CFAS was evaluated for domestic sewage treatment. The results showed that CFAS exhibited excellent coagulation ability and achieved significant removal efficiency for turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kinga Szatmari, Sandor Nemeth, Alex Kummer
Summary: In this article, a resilience-based reinforcement learning approach is proposed to address the potential thermal runaway issue in batch reactors. By calculating the resilience metric for reactors and utilizing Deep Q-learning to decide when to intervene in the system, resilient-based mitigation systems can be effectively developed.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingyou Jiang, Qi Yao, Mingqing Su, Jingjing Li, Kunlun Lu, Dawei Ding, Han Hong
Summary: This study investigates the inhibitory characteristics and mechanisms of ABC powder on coal powder explosion. The addition of ABC powder significantly decreases the maximum explosion pressure and can completely suppress coal dust explosions. The study also reveals the thermal decomposition characteristics and reaction kinetics of the mixed system.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kubilay Bayramoglu, Mustafa Nuran
Summary: This study examines the feasibility of using pyrolytic oil from waste tires as fuel in diesel engines, and evaluates its energy, exergy, and sustainability. The results indicate that pyrolytic oil has potential as a renewable fuel source with relatively high thermal efficiency.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinru Duan, Yejia Lv, Jiaxing Hong, Jianzhong Wu, Jia Zhang, Yang Yue, Guangren Qian
Summary: This study successfully prepared a tube reactor with optimized catalyst formula, which showed good performance in removing dioxins and other pollutants in the experiments.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiaoyang Du, Xueming Dang, Xiaorong Gan, Xin Cui, Huimin Zhao
Summary: In this study, a photocatalyst-enzyme hybrid system was constructed, which solved the issue of enzyme inactivation caused by high concentration of H2O2 through photocatalytic in-situ H2O2 production, and improved the stability and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. The effectiveness of the system in treating phenolic EDCs was confirmed through experiments.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fu-Rong Xiu, Longsheng Zhan, Yingying Qi, Xinyue Lei, Jiali Wang, Haipeng Zhou, Wenting Shao
Summary: This study developed a synergetic and high-efficiency treatment of waste tantalum capacitors (WTCs) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) using subcritical water process. The treatment significantly reduced the temperature and reaction time for metal tantalum recovery from WTCs, and improved the dechlorination efficiency of PVC. The optimized conditions resulted in 100% resin conversion efficiency of WTCs and 97.39% dechlorination efficiency of PVC. The interaction between decomposition products of WTCs and PVC produced a high level of benzoic acid.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingda Li, Jiaming Song, Yuting Li, Chaoying Meng, Shuxian Wang, Linghao Zong, Honggang Ye, Yishuai Jing, Feng Teng, Peng Hu, Haibo Fan, Guangde Chen, Xin Zhao
Summary: CdPS3 nanosheets, especially those exfoliated by sodium cholate, have shown highly efficient photocatalytic degradation performance. The strong dark adsorption and dye-sensitized photocatalytic properties of CdPS3 nanosheets contribute to high degradation efficiencies of various pollutants.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dongxu Ouyang, Yimei Pang, Bo Liu, Zhirong Wang
Summary: This study investigates the thermal runaway features of lithium-ion cells under tunnel conditions, considering different states of charge and tunnel ceilings. The results show that the tunnel visibility is affected by the smoke generated during thermal runaway, and the shape of the tunnel ceiling influences the temperature rise differently.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2024)