Article
Oncology
Qian Cao, Sheng-Yuan Lai, Nan Xu, Yang Lu, Shuai Chen, Xin-Sheng Zhang, Xiang Li
Summary: The study found distinct CT features in GC patients with dMMR, compared to the pMMR group. These differences mainly include the location in the stomach, tumor thickness, and number of lymph nodes, indicating potential diagnostic value in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jie-Yu Chen, Ya-Han Tong, Hai-Yan Chen, Yong-Bo Yang, Xue-Ying Deng, Guo-Liang Shao
Summary: This study aimed to develop a computed tomography (CT)-based nomogram for preoperatively predicting DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) status in gastric cancer (GC). Clinical and CT imaging features associated with dMMR GC were analyzed, and a nomogram with four potential predictors was constructed. The nomogram showed good predictive performance, as confirmed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, decision curve analysis, and internal validation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Shuangshuang Zhao, Lingli Chen, Yuqin Zang, Wenlu Liu, Shiqi Liu, Fei Teng, Fengxia Xue, Yingmei Wang
Summary: Lynch syndrome (LS) is caused by germline pathogenic variants in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, leading to LS-associated endometrial cancer (LS-EC) which has specific clinicopathologic features. Screening, diagnosis, surveillance, prevention and treatment for LS-EC have significantly advanced, with recommendations for universal LS screening among EC patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Mendiola, Victoria Heredia-Soto, Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel, Amparo Baillo, Jorge Luis Ramon-Patino, Francisco Javier Escudero, Maria Miguel, Alberto Pelaez-Garcia, Alicia Hernandez, Jaime Feliu, David Hardisson, Andres Redondo
Summary: This study aimed to establish and compare different approaches for assessing the MMR status in endometrial carcinomas. A total of 126 early-stage EC samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, PCR-based MSI, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and targeted next-generation sequencing. The study found that approximately 53.2% of the samples were MMR deficient, while 46.8% were MMR proficient. Additionally, 44.3% of the samples showed genetic or epigenetic alterations, with MLH1 promoter methylation being the most common event.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Qingwen Zeng, Yanyan Zhu, Leyan Li, Zongfeng Feng, Xufeng Shu, Ahao Wu, Lianghua Luo, Yi Cao, Yi Tu, Jianbo Xiong, Fuqing Zhou, Zhengrong Li
Summary: The study developed a CT-based radiomic nomogram for accurately predicting MMR protein status in gastric cancer preoperatively. The model showed good performance in validation across multiple independent cohorts.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Hui Wu, Wenyuan Ma, Congfa Jiang, Ning Li, Xin Xu, Yongfeng Ding, Haiping Jiang
Summary: Gastric cancer is a common and fatal malignant tumor. Microsatellite instability (MSI) has become a major molecular typing approach for gastric cancer, especially in advanced cases. However, its value in resectable gastric cancer is still unclear, and there is no consensus on postoperative adjuvant therapy for MSI-H/dMMR resectable GC patients.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Elvira L. Vos, Steven B. Maron, Robert W. Krell, Masaya Nakauchi, Megan Fiasconaro, Marinela Capanu, Henry S. Walch, Walid K. Chatila, Nikolaus Schultz, David H. Ilson, Yelena Y. Janjigian, Geoffrey Y. Ku, Sam S. Yoon, Daniel G. Coit, Chad M. Vanderbilt, Laura H. Tang, Vivian E. Strong
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with microsatellite instability (MSI)-high gastric cancer. The results showed that patients with MSI-high tumors had better overall survival compared with those with microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors, despite a worse response to chemotherapy.
Review
Immunology
Jiao-Ting Chen, Yu-Wen Zhou, Ting-Rui Han, Jun-Lun Wei, Meng Qiu
Summary: Surgical resection is essential for achieving good prognoses in colorectal cancer (CRC), but some patients fail to meet surgical indications or achieve pathological complete response after surgery. Perioperative therapy can effectively decrease tumor staging and reduce recurrence and metastasis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown satisfactory efficacy and safety in patients with high microsatellite instability/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR), while the therapeutic effect is minimal in patients with mismatch repair-proficient or microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS). Additional predictors are needed to screen patients with potential clinical benefits. Different combinations of immunotherapy in perioperative clinical trials for CRC have been comprehensively summarized in this review, focusing on efficacy and safety, and pointing out future directions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Dung T. Le, Luis A. Diaz Jr, Tae Won Kim, Eric Van Cutsem, Ravit Geva, Dirk Jaeger, Hiroki Hara, Matthew Burge, Bert H. O'Neil, Petr Kavan, Takayuki Yoshino, Rosine Guimbaud, Hiroya Taniguchi, Elena Elez, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Patrick M. Boland, Yi Cui, Pierre Leconte, Patricia Marinello, Thierry Andre
Summary: The study demonstrated that Pembrolizumab had durable clinical benefit and manageable safety in previously treated MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer patients. It showed persistent antitumor activity, prolonged overall survival, and tolerable safety profile.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Wei-Jian Mei, Mi Mi, Jing Qian, Nan Xiao, Ying Yuan, Pei-Rong Ding
Summary: Colorectal cancers with high microsatellite instability and deficient mismatch repair have different characteristics compared to normal CRC, but the testing rates for MSI and MMR remain low in clinical practice. Insufficient testing fails to identify patients with these types of CRC who could benefit from immunotherapy. Understanding the importance of MMR/MSI status in the clinical characteristics and prognosis of CRC may help improve testing rates and guide the development of more effective therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Chung-Ta Lee, Nan-Haw Chow, Yi-Lin Chen, Chung-Liang Ho, Yu-Min Yeh, Shao-Chieh Lin, Peng-Chan Lin, Bo-Wen Lin, Chien-An Chu, Hung-Wen Tsai, Jenq-Chang Lee
Summary: Microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancers (CRCs) is associated with mismatch repair system deficiencies, particularly due to methylation of MMR genes and BRAF mutations. Different patterns of dMMR were found to be associated with specific clinicopathological features, with BRAF V600E mutations predominantly occurring in certain types. The expression patterns of MMR proteins also showed distinct associations with tumor staging and age at diagnosis.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ziyu Li, Yinkui Wang, Xiangji Ying, Li Zhang, Xiangyu Gao, Yongning Jia, Lianhai Zhang, Aiwen Wu, Xiangqian Su, Jiafu Ji
Summary: This study with a large sample size found that deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) status was not significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma patients receiving neoadjuvant and adjuvant platinum and fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Camille Evrard, Jerome Alexandre
Summary: Endometrial cancers are highly affected by microsatellite instability, showing sensitivity to immunotherapy and requiring molecular biology for better understanding. The phenotype is poorly understood in ovarian cancer but does exist. Examination of literature reveals the importance of deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability in gynecological cancers and the potential therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Article
Pathology
Ngome L. Makia, Martha Thomas, Kari L. Ring, Christopher A. Moskaluk, Anne M. Mills
Summary: Immunostaining is useful for screening Lynch syndrome, but can also identify MMR-deficient tumors without germline pathogenic variants. Understanding the frequency of somatic MMR pathogenic variants in tumors with MMR immunohistochemical loss and normal germline testing is important for prognosis and immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. This study found that correctly interpreted immunohistochemistry is a reliable surrogate for somatic MMR pathogenic variants in endometrial cancer, supporting its use as the frontline MMR biomarker.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ryo Sugimoto, Masaki Endo, Mitsumasa Osakabe, Yosuke Toya, Naoki Yanagawa, Takayuki Matsumoto, Tamotsu Sugai
Summary: This study investigated the utility of immunohistochemical staining of MMR proteins in early gastric cancer, finding associations between loss of certain proteins and MSI-high phenotype, but also noting discrepancies in expression patterns and the limitations of immunostaining compared to genetic testing for MSI determination.
Article
Oncology
Tai-Lin Huang, Yen-Min Huang, Min-Mo Hou, Chang-Hsien Lu, Tsu-Yi Chao, Tai-Jan Chiu, Yueh-Shih Chang, Sheng-Hao Lin, Ching-Hsiung Lin, Yen-Hao Chen, Cheng-Hsu Wang, Jen-Shi Chen, Wen-Chi Shen
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the real-world clinical experiences of transdermal buprenorphine used in moderate to severe cancer pain in the Asian population. The results showed that transdermal buprenorphine had good safety profiles and continued improvements in pain relief, sleep, and pain interferences. Transdermal buprenorphine can be an effective and convenient option for patients with moderate to severe cancer pain in Taiwan.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Wen-Chi Shen, Ming-Mo Hou, Tai-Lin Huang, Cheng-Hsu Wang, Yen-Min Huang, Jen-Shi Chen, Mei-Ling Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of transdermal buprenorphine on quality of life and symptoms in cancer patients. It found that transdermal buprenorphine could significantly improve overall quality of life and reduce the severity of symptoms, including nausea/vomiting, pain, insomnia, and constipation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Li-Ching Lin, Wen-Kuan Huang, Chueh-Chuan Yen, Ching-Yao Yang, Meng-Ta Sung, Sean M. N. Wong, Daniel T. T. Chua, Sarah W. M. Lee, Jen-Shi Chen, Chun-Nan Yeh
Summary: The use of ripretinib in patients with advanced/metastatic GIST in Taiwan and Hong Kong showed efficacy consistent with the INVICTUS study, with low albumin levels and disease progression after ripretinib use being identified as unfavorable factors for PFS. Ripretinib was generally well-tolerated, with hair loss being the most common adverse event.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Jeng-Chang Chen, Shih-Chiang Huang
PEDIATRICS AND NEONATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Pediatrics
Tzu-ya Lo, Shih-Chiang Huang, Yu-Sheng Chang, Yi-Lun Wang, Tsung-Yen Chang, Tang-Her Jaing
PEDIATRICS AND NEONATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yung-Yeh Su, Nai-Jung Chiang, Yi-Hsin Yang, Chia-Jui Yen, Li-Yuan Bai, Chang-Fang Chiu, Shih-Chang Chuang, Shih-Hung Yang, Wen-Chi Chou, Jen-Shi Chen, Tai-Jan Chiu, Yen-Yang Chen, De-Chuan Chan, Cheng-Ming Peng, Sz-Chi Chiu, Chung-Pin Li, Yan-Shen Shan, Li-Tzong Chen
Summary: The NAPOLI-1 nomogram, derived from a previous study, can predict the overall survival in gemcitabine-refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin, and the timing and dose of treatment are important factors affecting prognosis.
Article
Oncology
Shih-Chiang Huang, Ian Yi-Feng Chang, Chee-Jen Chang, Hsuan Liu, Kuang-Hua Chen, Ting-Ting Liu, Tsan-Yu Hsieh, Huei-Chieh Chuang, Chien-Cheng Chen, I-Chieh Lin, Kwai-Fong Ng, Hsuan-Ying Huang, Tse-Ching Chen
Summary: Based on the analysis of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan, it was found that hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) has a higher incidence rate in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Additionally, the presence of mutations associated with aristolochic acid exposure was observed in ESRD-associated HAS.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fur-Hsing Wen, Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Wen-Chi Chou, Po-Jung Su, Ming-Mo Hou, Wen-Chi Shen, Jen-Shi Chen, Wen-Cheng Chang, Siew Tzuh Tang
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors associated with different death-preparedness states among cancer patients. The results showed that factors such as gender, age, financial hardship, and symptom distress were related to the death-preparedness states. Younger age and greater functional dependence were associated with the cognitive-only state, physician prognostic disclosure was associated with the cognitive-only and sufficient-preparedness states, patient-family communication reduced the likelihood of the emotional-only state, and perceived social support influenced both the cognitive-only and emotional-only states.
Article
Oncology
Chen Hsiu Chen, Fur-Hsing Wen, Wen-Cheng Chang, Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Wen-Chi Chou, Jen-Shi Chen, Siew Tzuh Tang
Summary: This study investigates the association between prognostic awareness transition patterns and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) in cancer patients' last 6 months. The results show that patients who maintained or gained accurate prognostic awareness reported higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as poorer QOL. Additionally, their depressive symptoms and QOL worsened more compared to patients who maintained inaccurate or unknown prognostic awareness. The study emphasizes the importance of promoting accurate prognostic awareness and providing adequate psychological care to improve patients' emotional well-being and QOL in the terminal stage of cancer.
Article
Pathology
Shih-Chiang Huang, Jen-Chieh Lee, Yong-Chen Hsu, Jen-Wei Tsai, Yu-Chien Kao, Tsung-Han Hsieh, Yi-Ming Chang, Kung-Chao Chang, Pao-Shu Wu, Paul Chih-Hsueh Chen, Chien-Heng Chen, Ching-Di Chang, Pei-Hang Lee, Hui-Chun Tai, Ting -Ting Liu, Mei-Chin Wen, Wan-Shan Li, Shih-Chen Yu, Jui-Chu Wang, Hsuan-Ying Huang
Summary: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare sarcoma with myxoid/reticular histology and NR4A3 translocation. Different NR4A3-associated fusions were found in three challenging pan-Trk-expressing cases. Pan-Trk immunostaining and KIT sequencing confirmed the diagnosis in 58 EMC cases, with EWSR1::NR4A3, TAF15::NR4A3, and TCF12::NR4A3 fusions identified in the majority of cases. The size of the tumor, presence of metastasis, and TAF15::NR4A3 fusion were independent prognostic factors for shorter disease-specific survival. Pathogenic KIT mutation was rare in EMC.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi-Cheng Hu, Shih-Ying Chen, Wen-Chi Chou, Jen-Shi Chen, Li-Chueh Weng, Pei-Kwei Tsay, Woung-Ru Tang
Summary: This study examined changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among elderly cancer patients before and after receiving curative treatment, and found that frailty assessment has important predictive value for post-chemotherapy HRQOL. Frailty affects the HRQOL of elderly cancer patients, specifically in the illness burden domain. The administration of frailty assessments before treatment is recommended for treatment decision-making.
Article
Oncology
Chih-Chieh Yen, Yi-Hsin Yang, Hsiu-Ying Ku, Huang-Ming Hu, Su-Shun Lo, Hung-Chi Chang, Yee Chao, Jen-Shi Chen, Hsiu-Po Wang, Tsang-En Wang, Li-Yuan Bai, Ming-Shiang Wu, Chia-Jui Yen, Li-Tzong Chen, Yan-Shen Shan
Summary: A population-based study in Taiwan investigated the impact of preoperative waiting time (PreWT) on the prognosis of patients with Stage II-III gastric cancer. The study found that PreWT of 49-118 days did not independently correlate with a poor prognosis in these patients. This suggests that a window period for preoperative therapies and patient optimization is justified.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sung-Nien Yu, Shih-Chiang Huang, Wei-Chen Wang, Yu Ping Chang, Kuang-Hua Chen, Tse-Ching Chen
Summary: This study proposes a method using deep neural networks to identify microsatellite instability based on analyzing histomorphologic features of gastric whole-slide images. A two-stage patch-wise framework is used to differentiate tumor regions from normal and predict MSI status. The model achieves high accuracy on the private dataset and outperforms previous literature in transfer learning.
Article
Oncology
Hironaga Satake, Keun-Wook Lee, Hyun Cheol Chung, Jeeyun Lee, Kensei Yamaguchi, Jen-Shi Chen, Takaki Yoshikawa, Kenji Amagai, Kun-Huei Yeh, Masahiro Goto, Yee Chao, Ka-On Lam, Shi Rong Han, Shinichi Shiratori, Sukrut Shah, Kohei Shitara
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of first-line pembrolizumab with/without chemotherapy in Asian patients with advanced gastric cancer/gastrooesophageal junction cancer. The results showed that pembrolizumab monotherapy or combination therapy with chemotherapy could significantly improve the overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone in patients with PD-L1-positive gastric cancer. The incidence of grade 3-5 treatment-related adverse events was higher in the pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy group compared to the monotherapy group.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yen-Yang Chen, Shun-Wen Hsueh, Shih-Hung Yang, Sz-Chi Chiu, Nai-Jung Chiang, Tai-Jan Chiu, Chung-Pin Li, Li-Yuan Bai, Chang-Fang Chiu, Shih-Chang Chuang, Yan-Shen Shan, De-Chuan Chan, Li-Tzong Chen, Chia-Jui Yen, Cheng-Ming Peng, Jen-Shi Chen, Wen-Chi Chou
Summary: Combining albumin with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as the albumin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio score (ANS) can serve as a simple tool to predict survival and safety profiles in PDAC patients refractory to gemcitabine-based therapy. Higher ANS scores are associated with shorter overall survival and higher incidence of treatment-related adverse events.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)