An Experimental Approach to the Investment Timing of Conventional and Organic Hog Farmers

Politicians throughout the European Union support the extension of organic farming. Nevertheless, farmers are reluctant to invest in organic farming. Because nonmonetary aspects might be the reasons for this reluctance, this paper analyzes whether the farmers' investment behavior varies when given the option to invest in organic and conventional production methods. For this purpose, an incentivized experiment was conducted wherein conventional and organic hog farmers had the opportunity to consecutively invest in an organic and a conventional hog barn. Then, it was determined whether the farmers' investment timings differed between investments in the currently applied production method and the currently not-applied production method. These investment situations only differed in their description; the economic conditions were identical. The farmers' investment times in both production methods were compared to theoretically optimal investment times according to the real options approach (ROA). The results of the analysis show that a significant framing effect was associated with farmers' response to investment opportunities in organic and conventional hog barns. Farmers invested later if they invested in the currently not-applied production method. In these cases, the deviations between the ROA and the farmers' investment time were lower.