Review
Oncology
Caterina Fontanella, Carlo Alberto Giorgi, Stefania Russo, Silvia Angelini, Linda Nicolardi, Tommaso Giarratano, Simona Frezzini, Marta Pestrin, Dario Palleschi, Silvia Bolzonello, Veronica Parolin, Eva R. Haspinger, Costanza De Rossi, Filippo Greco, Lorenzo Gerratana
Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have become the foundation of treatment for breast cancer, but also increase the risk of adverse events. Approved agents in this class have similar efficacies but important differences. Personalized treatment choices and strategies to overcome resistance can minimize treatment-related toxicities and improve therapeutic efficacy.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erin R. Scheidemann, Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq
Summary: ER+ breast cancer is the most common form, with resistance to antiestrogens leading to the development of CDK4/6 inhibitors as a successful alternative treatment option. However, resistance to these inhibitors is also common, with various mechanisms identified. Future research should focus on developing biomarkers to guide treatment strategies for resistant patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Runtian Wang, Kun Xu, Fangyan Gao, Jinyi Huang, Xiaoxiang Guan
Summary: The formation of cyclinD-CDK4/6 complex is essential for the cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase. CDK4/6 inhibitors can block cell cycle progression and proliferation, showing promising effects in containing the aggressiveness of breast cancers, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Bulent Cetin, Chiara A. Wabl, Ozge Gumusay
Summary: The combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy is the preferred treatment for HR-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. However, resistance mechanisms and biomarkers predicting the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors are still being studied. This review summarizes the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer and possible approaches to overcome resistance.
Review
Cell Biology
Fiona H. Zhou, Teesha Downton, Allegra Freelander, Joshua Hurwitz, C. Elizabeth Caldon, Elgene Lim
Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of ER+ breast cancer and are the standard first-line therapy. However, resistance to these inhibitors is a challenge and there is a need to understand the mechanisms of resistance to guide subsequent treatment decisions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Abeer J. Al-Qasem, Carla L. Alves, Henrik J. Ditzel
Summary: Advanced stage breast cancer is incurable, and the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy has become the standard treatment. However, resistance to this combined therapy is a major clinical challenge, and ongoing research is focused on identifying predictive biomarkers and developing novel treatment strategies. Due to the heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms, finding a universal predictive biomarker is unlikely, leading to exploration of new approaches such as liquid biopsy for identifying resistance mechanisms and potential biomarkers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jasmin Asberger, Kai Berner, Anna Bicker, Marius Metz, Markus Jaeger, Daniela Weiss, Clemens Kreutz, Ingolf Juhasz-Boess, Sebastian Mayer, Isabell Ge, Thalia Erbes
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of microRNAs as biomarkers for predicting therapy response under cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition. The results suggest that miRs-100, -10b, and -182 have the potential to be circulating biomarkers, while miR-10a, miR-15b, miR-21, miR-23a, and miR-23c may serve as tissue-based biomarkers.
Review
Cell Biology
Navid Sobhani, Anne Fassl, Giuseppina Mondani, Daniele Generali, Tobias Otto
Summary: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women globally, and therapies targeting molecular pathways like CDK4/6 inhibitors have significantly improved treatment options. Although CDK4/6 inhibitors have shown promising efficacy in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, resistance mechanisms, particularly involving the FGFR pathway, have been observed in some patients.
Article
Biology
Zijie Cai, Jingru Wang, Yudong Li, Qianfeng Shi, Liang Jin, Shunying Li, Mengdi Zhu, Qi Wang, Lok Lam Wong, Wang Yang, Hongna Lai, Chang Gong, Yandan Yao, Yujie Liu, Jun Zhang, Herui Yao, Qiang Liu
Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors are standard treatment for advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer, but resistance is inevitable. This study found that overexpression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins leads to resistance, and targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway can restore sensitivity.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Manuel Perez-Garcia, Javier Cortes, Antonio Llombart-Cussac
Summary: The phase 3 study with dalpiciclib demonstrates the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in certain patients with metastatic breast cancer, providing valuable evidence for treatment decisions in the presence of multiple available inhibitors.
Review
Oncology
Ye Hu, Jiyue Gao, Meiling Wang, Man Li
Summary: CDK4/6 inhibitors may offer an effective treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer, but their efficacy in patients is still uncertain. Combining them with other targeted therapies may improve patient outcomes and treatment effects. Identifying biomarkers for response or resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment can personalize treatment strategies.
CANCER MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrea M. Pesch, Nicole H. Hirsh, Anna R. Michmerhuizen, Kassidy M. Jungles, Kari Wilder-Romans, Benjamin C. Chandler, Meilan Liu, Lynn M. Lerner, Charles A. Nino, Connor Ward, Erin F. Cobain, Theodore S. Lawrence, Lori J. Pierce, James M. Rae, Corey W. Speers
Summary: Standard radiation therapy (RT) is unreliable in providing locoregional control for women with multinode-positive breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). CDK4/6 inhibition (COK4/6i) can increase the radiosensitivity of RB wild-type (WT) TNBC, but not RB-null TNBC. RB expression predicts response to COK4/6i + RT, and radiosensitization is lost when RB1 is knocked down in isogenic and nonisogenic models. Radiosensitization is independent of nonhomologous end joining and cell cycle arrest. RB interacts with RAD51 in vitro to promote homologous recombination repair. RB-dependent radiosensitization is observed in TNBC xenografts but not in isogenic RB1-null xenografts.
Article
Oncology
Stefania Crucitta, Martina Ruglioni, Giulia Lorenzini, Irene Bargagna, Giovanna Irene Luculli, Irene Albanese, Diana Bilancio, Francesca Patane, Andrea Fontana, Romano Danesi, Marzia Del Re
Summary: This study investigated the clinical benefit of CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in ESR1 mutant HR+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients as first- or second-line therapy. Analysis of ESR1 mutations in circulating free DNA showed that it was an independent predictive factor of clinical recurrence in the adjuvant setting. The results suggest that CDK4/6i can overcome ESR1-dependent resistance.
Article
Oncology
Chuntao Quan, Zhijie Wu, Juan Xiong, Manqing Li, Yu Fu, Jiaying Su, Yue Wang, Lvwen Ning, Deju Zhang, Ni Xie
Summary: The study showed that PARP1 was amplified in breast cancer cells and CDK4/6i-resistant patients, and inhibition of PARP1 reversed drug resistance. Upregulation of YB-1 occurred in CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer, and YB-1 inhibition could regulate PARP1 expression. Combination therapy of YB-1 inhibitors and CDK4/6i exerted a synergistic antitumor effect.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Neil Portman, Julia Chen, Elgene Lim
Summary: This review explores the role of the p53/MDM2 axis in the treatment of ER+ breast cancer and the potential of targeting p53/MDM2 by inhibiting MDM2 in the setting of CDK4/6i resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Pathology
Mouyed Alawad, Scott Schoninger, Raavi Gupta
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Anita Kumar, K. S. Bantilan, A. P. Jacob, A. Park, S. F. Schoninger, C. Sauter, G. A. Ulaner, C. Casulo, M. Faham, K. A. Kong, R. K. Grewal, J. Gerecitano, A. Hamilton, P. Hamlin, M. Matasar, C. H. Moskowitz, A. Noy, M. L. Palomba, C. S. Portlock, A. Younes, T. Willis, A. D. Zelenetz
Summary: Limited information exists in MCL on the performance of next-generation sequencing based assay of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements for MRD assessment. The study observed early molecular relapse in MCL patients using the Adaptive Biotechnologies MRD assay, with higher sensitivity in the cellular compartment.
CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Scott Schoninger, Yanina Dubrovskaya, Kassandra Marsh, Diana Altshuler, Prithiv Prasad, Eddie Louie, Scott Weisenberg, Sarah Hochman, David Fridman, Polina Trachuk
Summary: Treatment of CMV viremia did not decrease in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with COVID-19, but sample size was limited. CMV viremia was significantly associated with total steroid dose received and longer ICU stay.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Irina Jilishitz, Jason Luis Quinones, Priyank Patel, Grace Chen, Jared Pasetsky, Allison VanInwegen, Scott Schoninger, Manasi P. Jogalekar, Vladislav Tsiperson, Lingyue Yan, Yun Wu, Susan R. S. Gottesman, Jonathan Somma, Stacy W. Blain
Summary: Using NP-ALT as a therapeutic approach can effectively inhibit CDK4/6 and CDK2 by targeting the tyrosine phosphorylation of p27Kip1. This treatment shows efficacy in HR+ breast cancer cells, CDK4i-resistant cells, and can induce necroptosis, particularly in cells with an ER gain of function mutation.
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)