Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jianbo Yang, Haifeng Sun, Feng Tian, Songlin Wan, Gulsudum Mamtawla, Peng Wang, Xuejin Gao, Li Zhang, Jieshou Li, Yi Shen, Xinying Wang
Summary: Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) usage is associated with increased incidence of pneumonia. PN impairs lung barrier, disrupts pulmonary microbiota homeostasis, and induces bacterial translocation. Autophagy suppression may play a crucial role in inducing PN-associated lung injury.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jung Yeon Hong, Mi Na Kim, Eun Gyul Kim, Jae Woo Lee, Hye Rin Kim, Soo Yeon Kim, Soon Min Lee, Yoon Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Myung Hyun Sohn
Summary: Exposure to high oxygen concentrations leads to excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, causing cellular injury and multiple organ dysfunctions. Clusterin (CLU) expression is increased during prolonged hyperoxia-induced lung injury, and replenishment of CLU can alleviate hyperoxia-induced cell death.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Duncan C. Humphries, Ross Mills, Cecilia Boz, Brian J. McHugh, Nikhil Hirani, Adriano G. Rossi, Anders Pedersen, Hans T. Schambye, Robert J. Slack, Hakon Leffler, Ulf J. Nilsson, Wei Wang, Tariq Sethi, Alison C. Mackinnon
Summary: This study investigates the role of Gal-3 in acute lung injury (ALI) and evaluates the potential protective role of GB0139, a Gal-3 inhibitor. The results show that Gal-3 plays a pro-inflammatory role in the early stages of lung injury and GB0139 can reduce inflammation severity and has potential as a treatment approach for ALI.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yunduan Song, Yusen Gou, Jiameng Gao, Dongxin Chen, Haibo Zhang, Wenjuan Zhao, Feng Qian, Ajing Xu, Yao Shen
Summary: This study demonstrates that lomerizine (LMZ) effectively reduces pulmonary edema, neutrophil infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice. LMZ treatment attenuates the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in macrophages, and inhibits the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-kappa B p65. Additionally, LMZ reduces LPS-induced Ca2+ influx and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenfang Xia, Zhou Pan, Huanming Zhang, Qingshan Zhou, Yu Liu
Summary: This study investigates the role of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The results show that overexpression of ERRα can ameliorate LPS-induced endothelial hyperpermeability, apoptosis, and inhibit autophagy, while knockdown of ERRα exacerbates these effects. Administration of an ERRα agonist can alleviate pathological damage, increase the levels of junctional proteins, and decrease apoptosis-related protein expression. Promoting ERRα expression enhances autophagy and reduces sepsis-induced ALI. ERRα is essential for maintaining the integrity of adherens junctions by regulating the balance between autophagy and apoptosis.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Jia-yi Zhao, Jin Pu, Jian Fan, Xin-yu Feng, Jian-wen Xu, Rong Zhang, Yan Shang
Summary: The study investigates the effects of Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) on acute lung injury (ALI) and finds that Tan-IIA can prevent ALI-induced inflammation and improve alveolar epithelial repair by regulating macrophage polarization.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wei Huang, Weidang Xie, Hanhui Zhong, Shumin Cai, Qiaobing Huang, Youtan Liu, Zhenhua Zeng, Yanan Liu
Summary: This study discovered the dynamic changes of mitophagy in hepatocytes and demonstrated the protective effects of mitophagy activation on heat stroke-induced acute liver injury (HS-ALI). Inhibiting mitophagy worsened liver injury, while cytosolic p53 binding to Parkin inhibited mitophagy. Pharmacologic induction of mitophagy by inhibiting p53 may be a promising therapeutic approach for HS-ALI treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
John K. DiBaise, James S. Scolapio
Summary: This article highlights the importance of home parenteral and enteral nutrition in clinical nutrition and the development of these therapies to support patients. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to understand all aspects of HPEN in order to provide safe, effective, and cost-effective support to patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Josep M. Llop Talaveron, Ana Suarez-Lledo Grande, Elisabet Leiva Badosa, Jordi Bas Minguet, Joan Climent Marti, Elisabet Poyatos Canton, Maria B. Badia Tahull
Summary: This study investigates the association between inflammatory markers and liver function biomarker (LFB) alterations in patients treated with parenteral nutrition (PN) containing phytosterols (PS). The results show that increases in gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are associated with inflammatory markers.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xin Lv, Tingting Yao, Rongling He, Yijun He, Mengyu Li, Yuanyuan Han, Yan Zhang, Lingzhi Long, Guoliang Jiang, Xiaoyun Cheng, Yanyun Xie, Ling Huang, Zhangzhe Peng, Gaoyun Hu, Qianbin Li, Lijian Tao, Jie Meng
Summary: Fluorofenidone demonstrates protective effects against LPS-induced ALI by alleviating lung tissue injury, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting the activation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Chaojin Chen, Zheng Zhang, Fang Tan, Fanbing Meng, Lifei Lai, Xinjin Chi, Qianqian Zhu
Summary: This study found that mast cell activation and polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis were associated with acute lung injury after orthotopic liver transplantation. Delayed polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis was related to the progression of acute lung injury. Inducing polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis may help alleviate acute lung injury after orthotopic liver transplantation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ruolin Wang, Siheng Shen, Luyong Jian, Shuhua Liu, Qi Yuan, Huahui Guo, Jiasheng Huang, Penghui Chen, Renfa Huang
Summary: This study investigated the role of autophagy in AKI-induced ALI and found that autophagy can effectively ameliorate the injury by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zenzi Rosseel, Pieter-Jan Cortoos, Joop Jonckheer, Wilfried Cools, Mathieu Vinken, Hendrik Reynaert, Elisabeth De Waele
Summary: The impact of parenteral nutrition (PN) on liver dysfunction in critically ill patients is largely unknown. This study found that sepsis and acute heart failure (AHF) have the highest influence on liver test disturbances, while PN and hepatotoxic drugs have limited impact. Nutritional adequacy needs improvement.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gulisudumu Maitiabula, Feng Tian, Peng Wang, Li Zhang, Xuejin Gao, Songlin Wan, Haifeng Sun, Jianbo Yang, Yupeng Zhang, Tingting Gao, Bin Xue, Chaojun Li, Jieshou Li, Xinying Wang
Summary: PP2A-Cα plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PNAHS, acting as a protective factor by improving hepatic steatosis and liver function. A decrease in PP2A-Cα leads to activation of Akt2 and inhibition of AMPK, exacerbating hepatic steatosis.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
David Berlana
Summary: Parenteral nutrition is a life-saving intervention for patients who cannot receive oral or enteral nutrition. It consists of essential components such as carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, vitamins, and electrolytes. Parenteral nutrition should be provided through a central line to prevent complications. However, peripheral administration is possible in some cases. Monitoring and early management are crucial to prevent complications associated with parenteral nutrition therapy.