Article
Virology
Zhenwei Liu, Shangzhi Wu, Yuting Xian, Zihao Gu, Wenkuan Liu, Dehui Chen, Rong Zhou
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis. This study investigated the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against RSV-A and RSV-B in healthy adults from Guangzhou, southern China. The results showed a high seropositive rate for anti-RSV NAbs, and blood type was not associated with seropositive rates and titers.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Javier Diez-Domingo, Xavier Saez-Llorens, Miguel A. Rodriguez-Weber, Cristina Epalza, Archana Chatterjee, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chien-Yu Lin, Andrea A. Berry, Federico Martinon-Torres, Fernando Baquero-Artigao, Joanne M. Langley, Jose T. Ramos Amador, Joseph B. Domachowske, Li-Min Huang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Susanna Esposito, Philippe Moris, Thi Lien-Anh Nguyen, Vanja Nikic, Wayne Woo, Yingjun Zhou, Ilse Dieussaert, Amanda Leach, Antonio Gonzalez Lopez, Nicolas Vanhoutte
Summary: This study tested a new candidate RSV vaccine in toddlers who had a previous RSV infection. The vaccine was effective in preventing RSV-related illnesses and triggered an antibody response that could neutralize the virus. No vaccine-related serious adverse events or RSV-related hospitalizations were reported during the study.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Teresia W. Maina, Elizabeth A. Grego, Scott Broderick, Randy E. Sacco, Balaji Narasimhan, Jodi L. McGill
Summary: Researchers determined the effectiveness of a nanovaccine based on polyanhydride, encapsulating the BRSV post-fusion F and G glycoproteins and CpG, in the neonatal calf model. The nanovaccine, delivered via heterologous or homologous immunization, demonstrated clinical and virological protection in the calves, comparable to a commercial modified-live vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xin Cheng, Gan Zhao, Aihua Dong, Zhonghuai He, Jiarong Wang, Brian Jiang, Bo Wang, Miaomiao Wang, Xuefen Huai, Shijie Zhang, Shuangshuang Feng, Hong Qin, Bin Wang
Summary: This study conducted a first-in-human trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity response of the BARS13 vaccine in healthy adults. The vaccine demonstrated good safety and tolerability, and there were no significant differences in adverse reaction severity or frequency between different dose groups. The immune response in repeat-dose recipients showed potential for further study and guiding the dose selection for future studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gayathri Anandhan, Yogesh B. Narkhede, Manikandan Mohan, Premasudha Paramasivam
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a contagious viral pathogen that causes serious respiratory infection in adults and neonates. The monoclonal antibodies palivizumab and motavizumab are the only approved treatments for RSV, but they are expensive and require hospital administration. In this study, in silico prediction methods were used to identify potential vaccine targets for RSV. By analyzing the entire proteome of RSV strain A, 70 potential immunogenic epitopes were identified, including 13 experimentally verified epitopes.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shimon Amar, Yonat Shemer Avni, Norm O'Rourke, Tal Michael
Summary: The study examines the incidence rates of infectious diseases after a successful COVID-19 vaccination campaign and the lifting of social restrictions in Israel. The results suggest that the rates of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections have increased, indicating that similar trends could occur in other countries.
Article
Immunology
Zaid Haddadin, Stockton Beveridge, Kailee Fernandez, Danielle A. Rankin, Varvara Probst, Andrew J. Spieker, Tiffanie M. Markus, Laura S. Stewart, William Schaffner, Mary Lou Lindegren, Natasha Halasa
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospitalized children. RSV-positive children were more likely to be hospitalized, require intensive care unit admission, and receive oxygen compared with children positive for other viruses. Higher viral load, White race, younger age, and higher severity score were independently associated with hospitalization in RSV-positive children.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Larry J. Anderson, Samadhan J. Jadhao, Clinton R. Paden, Suxiang Tong
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes serious respiratory infections in young children and the elderly. The G protein, alongside the F protein, is a key target for vaccine and antiviral drug development due to its role in cellular infection and modulation of immune responses.
Article
Immunology
Frederic Reicherz, Rui Yang Xu, Bahaa Abu-Raya, Abdelilah Majdoubi, Christina Michalski, Liam Golding, Aleksandra Stojic, Marina Vineta, Madison Granoski, Zenon Cieslak, Anil Chacko, Neil Desai, Inna Sekirov, David J. Marchant, Pascal M. Lavoie
Summary: This article reports a reduction in RSV antibody levels and neutralization activity in serum from women of childbearing age and infants during the COVID-19 pandemic, supporting the notion of relatively short-lived antibody immunity in infants and explaining the interseasonal resurgence of RSV cases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Su-Hwa Lee, Ki-Back Chu, Min-Ju Kim, Jie Mao, Gi-Deok Eom, Keon-Woong Yoon, Md Atique Ahmed, Fu-Shi Quan
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe respiratory disease and there is currently no effective treatment or vaccine available. In this study, virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines expressing RSV proteins were produced and evaluated in mice. The VLPs induced a strong antibody response and neutralizing activity, with the Pre-F+G VLPs showing superior protection. VLP immunization also reduced viral titer and inflammation in the lungs of mice. These results suggest that Pre-F+G VLPs could be a potential vaccine candidate against RSV infection.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jocelyn Moyes, Stefano Tempia, Sibongile Walaza, Meredith L. McMorrow, Florette Treurnicht, Nicole Wolter, Anne von Gottberg, Kathleen Kahn, Adam L. Cohen, Halima Dawood, Ebrahim Variava, Cheryl Cohen
Summary: Based on a study in South African children, the burden of RSV-associated illness was estimated, with newborns and infants being the most affected group. Implementing maternal vaccination and monoclonal antibody products for this group can help reduce the disease burden.
Article
Virology
Yea-Eun Lee, Ok-Kyung Choi, Seon-Jae Bang, Han-Gil Cho, Hyun-Kyung Lee, Baek-Sang Han, Sun-Hwa Lee, Jinhua Cheng, Joo-Hyung Cho, Joo-Won Suh
Summary: Investigation of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in Gyeonggi Province from 2015/16 to 2017/18 revealed HRSV-B predominance with the exception of the 2016/17 season where HRSV-A was dominant. The highest prevalence of HRSV was seen in patients aged 0-2 years, with common symptoms including fever, nasal obstruction, and wheezing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HRSV-A patients had the ON1 genotype, while HRSV-B patients had the BA9 genotype.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura L. Hammitt, Ron Dagan, Yuan Yuan, Manuel Baca Cots, Miroslava Bosheva, Shabir A. Madhi, William J. Muller, Heather J. Zar, Dennis Brooks, Amy Grenham, Ulrika Wahlby Hamren, Vaishali S. Mankad, Pin Ren, Therese Takas, Michael E. Abram, Amanda Leach, M. Pamela Griffin, Tonya Villafana
Summary: A single injection of nirsevimab administered before the RSV season protected healthy late-preterm and term infants from medically attended RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Ana M. Nunez Castrejon, Sara M. O'Rourke, Lawrence M. Kauvar, Rebecca M. DuBois
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Currently, there are no FDA-approved RSV vaccines. Previous studies have identified engineered RSV G proteins with increased immunogenicity and safety. In this study, we confirmed that one mutant RSV G protein retains high-affinity binding to protective antibodies and has the same three-dimensional structure as the wild-type RSV G protein. These findings support the further development of this engineered RSV G protein as a vaccine antigen.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Fenghao Peng, Naijing Hu, Yingjun Liu, Cong Xing, Longlong Luo, Xinying Li, Jing Wang, Guojiang Chen, He Xiao, Chenghua Liu, Beifen Shen, Jiannan Feng, Chunxia Qiao
Summary: Smallpox is an infectious disease caused by the variola virus, with a high mortality rate. Although smallpox was declared eradicated in 1980, the potential threat of bioterrorism has led to resumed research on the treatment and prevention of smallpox.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
