Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anne Kathrin Loesslein, Florens Lohrmann, Lisa Scheuermann, Kourosh Gharun, Jana Neuber, Julia Kolter, Aaron James Forde, Christian Kleimeyer, Ying Yee Poh, Matthias Mack, Antigoni Triantafyllopoulou, Micah D. Dunlap, Shabaana A. Khader, Maximilian Seidl, Alexandra Hoelscher, Christoph Hoelscher, Xue Li Guan, Anca Dorhoi, Philipp Henneke
Summary: The study identifies monocyte progenitors with high giant cell-forming potential and the ability to accumulate cholesterol and lipids as key players in the immune response to mycobacteria. These monocyte progenitors may be exploited by mycobacteria to create a favorable niche for growth.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Narumi Otsuka-Kamakura, Yoshiya Sugiura, Toshiki Yamazaki, Naomi Shimizu, Nobuyuki Hiruta
Summary: This article reports a case of plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells, contributing to the knowledge of cancer stem cell biology.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ilaria Basano, Alessandra Romolo, Giulia Iamone, Giulia Memoli, Barbara Riccio, Jean-Pierre Lavoie, Barbara Miniscalco, Michela Bullone
Summary: This study investigates the cytological alterations of macrophages in equine asthma and finds that macrophage fusion (resulting in multinucleated giant cells) may be associated with the inflammatory signature and chronicity of the disease. Additionally, an increased GMC count is significantly associated with increased mast cells and the presence of respiratory difficulty. These findings suggest that including GMC count in the cytological assessment of BALF samples could provide more insights into the role of macrophages in equine asthma.
Review
Immunology
Shreyasee Hazra, Suman Kalyan Dinda, Naba Kumar Mondal, Sk Rajjack Hossain, Pratyay Datta, Afsana Yasmin Mondal, Pushkar Malakar, Dipak Manna
Summary: This article explores the formation of Multinucleated Giant Cells (MGCs) in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba. The formation of MGCs is a unique phenomenon in Entamoeba and is thought to be a survival strategy to cope with adverse environmental conditions. MGCs have increased resistance to stress and may play a role in the virulence of Entamoeba. The study of MGCs in Entamoeba provides valuable insights into the biology of this organism and opens up avenues for potential therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Malgorzata Kloc, Ahmed Uosef, Arijita Subuddhi, Jacek Z. Kubiak, Rafal P. Piprek, Rafik M. Ghobrial
Summary: This article introduces the formation of senescent multinucleated giant cells and their role in aging and age-related diseases. It explains the molecular and cellular features of senescence and aging, as well as the role of multinucleated giant cells in cancer development and progression. The article also discusses the reversibility of senescence and its impact on cancer initiation and metastasis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen-Hsuan W. Lin, Annie J. Tsay, Erin N. Lalime, Andrew Pekosz, Diane E. Griffin
Summary: Research suggests that measles virus infection may be initiated through apical infection of respiratory epithelial cells, followed by infection of lymphoid tissue and systemic spread. Infection from the apical surface leads to the production of multinucleated giant cells and the maintenance of cell-cell electrical resistance, while infection from the basolateral surface results in epithelial damage and clustering of MeV-positive cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Kourosh Ahmadzadeh, Margot Vanoppen, Carlos D. Rose, Patrick Matthys, Carine Helena Wouters
Summary: Monocytes and macrophages can fuse to form multinucleated giant cells, with different types and functions. Osteoclasts participate in bone remodeling under normal conditions but contribute to bone destruction and loss under pathological conditions. Foreign body giant cells are involved in immune reactions against foreign material, while Langhans giant cells are associated with granulomas in infectious and non-infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul Humbert, Meadhbh A. Brennan, Julien De Lima, Regis Brion, Annie Adrait, Celine Charrier, Benedicte Brulin, Valerie Trichet, Yohann Coute, Frederic Blanchard, Pierre Layrolle
Summary: Osteoclasts play a key role in bone regeneration, and apoptosis is found to be important for the effectiveness of MSCs. Experimental results show that apoptotic secretion of MSCs can inhibit the development of inflammatory multinucleated giant cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Developmental Biology
K. Grace Foley, Michele T. Pritchard, Francesca E. Duncan
Summary: Inflammaging is a chronic, low-grade inflammation associated with aging that contributes to age-related diseases. Recent studies have shown an age-associated increase in inflammation in the mammalian ovary, accompanied by a shift in the immune cell profile. Macrophage-derived multinucleated giant cells found in reproductively old mouse ovaries are considered potential markers or functional drivers of inflammation in ovarian aging.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pohnratchada Mattrasongkram, Saharut Wongkaewkhiaw, Suwimol Taweechaisupapong, Sorujsiri Chareonsudjai, Teerasit Techawiwattanaboon, Thararin Ngamsiri, Sakawrat Kanthawong
Summary: The study found that pretreatment with 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 can reduce the internalization of B. pseudomallei and decrease the formation of MNGCs in A549 cells. In addition, 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 can enhance the expression of specific genes and reduce inflammation. Therefore, this study suggests that supplementation with 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 may be an effective supportive treatment for melioidosis patients.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Valentina Giudice, Danilo De Novellis, Roberto Guariglia, Rosalba Fumo, Giuseppe Ciancia, Bianca Serio, Carmine Selleri
Summary: This article reports a rare case of multiple myeloma with giant multinucleated plasma cells, in which the patient achieved complete remission after first-line therapy and underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The presence of giant multinucleated plasma cells is usually associated with monoclonal antibody treatments.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Developmental Biology
Jorel R. Padilla, Lillie M. Ferreira, Eric S. Folker
Summary: Nuclear movement is crucial for cell development and function, and it is highly conserved. Multinucleated cells and syncytia play important roles in development and homeostasis.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sarah Al-Maawi, Xuejiu Wang, Robert Sader, Werner Goetz, Antonella Motta, Claudio Migliaresi, Charles James Kirkpatrick, Shahram Ghanaati
Summary: This study analyzed the long-term polarization pattern of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) in the implantation areas of biomaterials, and found sustained expression of pro-inflammatory markers in SF-induced MNGCs over 180 days. This highlights the importance of tailored physicochemical properties to avoid extensive inflammatory reactions for clinical success.
Article
Immunology
Jing Hong, Chizu Sanjoba, Wataru Fujii, Junya Yamagishi, Yasuyuki Goto
Summary: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by infection with Leishmania parasites, which can lead to multinucleation of macrophages. Infection with Leishmania donovani induces multinucleation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), accompanied by increased expression of ATP6V0D2 protein. These infection-induced multinucleated macrophages exhibit enhanced phagocytic activity on red blood cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Xinyue Zhou, Mingming Zhou, Minying Zheng, Shifeng Tian, Xiaohui Yang, Yidi Ning, Yuwei Li, Shiwu Zhang
Summary: Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) are a significant feature of cellular atypia, and their formation and function mechanisms are unclear. Recent studies have shown that these cells have cancer stem cell-like characteristics and can generate progeny cells through asymmetric division, promoting tumor invasion and migration. The formation of PGCCs can be induced by various factors such as hypoxia, chemotherapeutic reagents, and radiation. These cells can differentiate into non-tumor cells and produce highly oxygen-affine red blood cells to survive in hypoxic environments. The number of these cells is associated with tumor metastasis, resistance to chemoradiotherapy, and recurrence.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
David Grevenstein, Andreas Mamilos, Volker H. Schmitt, Tanja Niedermair, Willi Wagner, C. James Kirkpatrick, Christoph Brochhausen
Summary: The study analyzed histological and immunohistological findings from five patients who underwent spheroid-based autologous chondrocyte transplantation after traumatic lesions of the knee, showing excellent histological results in terms of hyaline articular cartilage regeneration. This indicates that spheroid-based autologous chondrocyte transplantation is a promising strategy for treating traumatic lesions of the knee's articular cartilage.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Anna Maria Tanneberger, Sarah Al-Maawi, Carlos Herrera-Vizcaino, Anna Orlowska, Alica Kubesch, Robert Sader, C. J. Kirkpatrick, Shahram Ghanaati
Summary: The study characterized the cellular reaction to a xenogeneic resorbable collagen membrane of porcine origin in Wistar rats over 30 days. It was found that the membrane induced a large number of mononuclear cells, including lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts, as well as multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) expressing specific markers. The significant increase in MNGC number correlated with a high rate of vascularization compared to the control group, suggesting a potential role for MNGCs in biomaterial degradation.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susana G. Guerreiro, Ronald E. Unger, Nuno M. F. S. A. Cerqueira, Anne Sartoris, Maria J. Martins, Mario A. Barbosa, Raquel Soares, Pedro L. Granja, Charles J. Kirkpatrick
Summary: The study found that cocultures of fibroblasts and human endothelial cells stimulate collagen synthesis and growth factors production by fibroblasts, ultimately affecting the formation and distribution of microvessel-like structures in cell cultures. Areas with activated fibroblasts and high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were also observed in the cocultures, indicating the impact of ALP on collagen proteins' aggregation, cell migration, and microvessel assembly. These findings suggest that bioinformatics and coculture systems are valuable tools for investigating the involvement of proteins like collagen and ALP in angiogenesis.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Nils Muehlenfeld, Philipp Thoenissen, Rene Verboket, Robert Sader, Ingo Marzi, Shahram Ghanaati
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency and characteristics of combined facial and peripheral trauma with consecutive hospitalization and treatment. The study found a high frequency of combined facial injuries with orthopedic-traumatolgical injuries and brain damage, predominantly in a young and male cohort. Adequate treatment should be provided by an interdisciplinary team of CMF and OT surgeons specialized in cervical spine trauma surgery to avoid missed diagnoses and keep mortality low.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND EMERGENCY SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Cristina L. Cotarelo, Annemarie Zschoeck-Manus, Marcus Schmidt, Arno Schad, Christoph Brochhausen, Charles James Kirkpatrick, Sonja Thaler
Summary: The intraoperative method combining touch imprint cytology (TIC) and subsequent frozen section (FS) analysis is highly reliable for detecting SLN macrometastases, allowing accurate identification of patients at high risk for extended axillary involvement during surgery and for accurate histological diagnosis of negative SLN.
CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL METASTASIS
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Almut Goeze, Eugen Zaretsky, Uta Lehner, Laura Wermter, Miriam Mayer, Boris A. Stuck, Richard Birk, Andreas Neff, Ingo Fisher, Timo Stover, Sabine Kramer, Shahram Ghanaati, Robert Sader, Christiane Hey
Summary: Dysphagia is a common post-operative functional impairment in head-and-neck cancer patients, often requiring therapeutic intervention. Higher tumor stage, older age, and male gender were significant influencing factors for dysphagia in this study.
LARYNGO-RHINO-OTOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Karsten Kern, Fania Lukmann, Karina Obreja, Sara Al-Maawi, Bellinghausen Carla, Shahram Ghanaati, Gernot Rohde, Robert Sader, Frank Schwarz
Summary: In a rat model, the influence of antiresorptive/antiangiogenic therapy on the spreading of peri-implant infections in the pharyngeal region was assessed. The combination of Denosumab and Bevacizumab had a significant effect on infiltrated connective tissue and CD68-positive cells. Induced peri-implant infections did not result in inflammatory lesions in pharyngeal tissues, with further investigation needed for the clinical relevance of these findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPLANT DENTISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pedro Henrique de Azambuja Carvalho, Sarah Al-Maawi, Eva Dohle, Robert Alexander Sader, Valfrido Antonio Pereira-Filho, Shahram Ghanaati
Summary: This study evaluated the cellular response of primary osteoblasts exposed to two different presentations of a low-temperature non-sintered deproteinized bovine bone matrix (DBBM). The results showed that neither tested material induced a pronounced inflammatory response upon osteoblast cultivation. Further studies are required to investigate the potential influence of organic remnants in bone substitute materials on the regeneration process.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sarah Al-Maawi, Sandra Rother, Norbert Halfter, Karen M. Fiebig, Juliane Moritz, Stephanie Moeller, Matthias Schnabelrauch, Charles James Kirkpatrick, Robert Sader, Hans-Peter Wiesmann, Dieter Scharnweber, Vera Hintze, Shahram Ghanaati
Summary: This study aimed to functionalize a collagen-based scaffold with high-sulfated hyaluronan and investigate its properties in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that covalent binding of high-sulfated hyaluronan to collagen released only a marginal amount of the hyaluronan, while electrostatic binding released more. The covalent binding scaffolds showed reduced release of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor beta 1, but increased release of interleukin-8 and epithelial growth factor compared to other scaffolds. In vivo, the covalent binding scaffolds reduced the proinflammatory macrophage response and did not induce multinucleated giant cell formation, while maintaining a stable structure and integration into the implantation region. This functionalized collagen scaffold has potential as a stable biomaterial for full-thickness skin regeneration.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katharina Zwittnig, Barbara Kirnbauer, Norbert Jakse, Peter Schlenke, Irene Mischak, Shahram Ghanaati, Sarah Al-Maawi, Daniel Vegh, Michael Payer, Tomislav A. Zrnc
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the release of growth factors in liquid and solid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) matrices, as well as to assess the potential interindividual variations. The results showed no significant differences in the release of growth factors between liquid and solid PRF matrices. Further preclinical trials are needed to analyze growth factor release in larger samples and to understand their effects on wound healing in different clinical indications.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eman Alfayez, Lorenzo Veschini, Monica Dettin, Annj Zamuner, Massimiliano Gaetani, Anna P. Carreca, Stevo Najman, Shahram Ghanaati, Trevor Coward, Lucy Di Silvio
Summary: Bone regeneration relies on angiogenesis and cellular responses, and controlling these processes is crucial in tissue engineering. Self-assembling DAR 16-II peptides, which mimic the natural extracellular matrix, can enhance cell adhesion and promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis when coated on 3D-printed biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shahram Ghanaati, Joanna Smieszek-Wilczewska, Sarah Al-Maawi, Pauline Neff, Homayoun H. H. Zadeh, Robert Sader, Anja Heselich, James L. L. Rutkowski
Summary: PRF accelerates ridge healing process, reduces soft tissue contraction, promotes secondary wound healing cascade, and provides a more predictable guided open wound healing for successful dental implantation and oral rehabilitation.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Peer W. Kaemmerer, Silke Tribius, Lena Cohrs, Gabriel Engler, Tobias Ettl, Kolja Freier, Bernhard Frerich, Shahram Ghanaati, Martin Gosau, Dominik Haim, Stefan Hartmann, Max Heiland, Manuel Herbst, Sebastian Hoefert, Juergen Hoffmann, Frank Hoelzle, Hans-Peter Howaldt, Kilian Kreutzer, Henry Leonhardt, Rainer Lutz, Maximilian Moergel, Ali Modabber, Andreas Neff, Sebastian Pietzka, Andrea Rau, Torsten E. Reichert, Ralf Smeets, Christoph Sproll, Daniel Steller, Joerg Wiltfang, Klaus-Dietrich Wolff, Kai Kronfeld, Bilal Al-Nawas
Summary: This is the first prospective study using a multicentric approach to investigate the effectiveness of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with early squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. The study found that adjuvant radiotherapy does not seem to influence overall survival, but it positively affects time to progression. However, irradiated patients report a significantly decreased quality of life up to three years after therapy.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sarah Al-Maawi, Priscilia Valenzuela, Eva Dohle, Anja Heselich, Robert Sader, Shahram Ghanaati
Summary: The combination of histological and biomolecular analyses is of high interest in research. This study compared different fixation media and found that methacarn fixation is a suitable method for histological, immunohistological, and biomolecular analysis of bone samples.
METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
(2022)