Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidetoshi Tozaki-Saitoh, Hiroshi Takeda, Kazuhide Inoue
Summary: Pain is an essential sensation in the body, and purinergic signaling plays a crucial role in its transmission. The communication between neuronal and non-neuronal cells relies on purinergic pathways. Microglia and astrocytes express various purinergic effectors, and different receptors are involved in the development of neuropathic pain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
G. Koc, A. Soyocak, H. Alis, B. Kankaya, G. Kanigur
Summary: The study found that VGF expression was lower and C3aR1 gene expression was higher in obese patients compared to non-obese individuals, with a significant positive correlation between the two. This suggests that VGF may play a significant role in obesity and provides new evidence of a link between obesity and VGF/C3aR1.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuhide Inoue
Summary: The roles of ATP and P2 receptors in pain signaling, especially in chronic pain, have been extensively studied. This review summarizes the findings and discusses the therapeutic potentials in drug development for P2R compounds.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albert Gomez Morillas, Valerie C. Besson, Dominique Lerouet
Summary: Microglia are immune brain cells involved in neuroinflammation, with P2RY12 receptor playing a crucial role in microglial motility and migration, influencing the development of neuroinflammation processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nobuhiko Nakajima, Yuichiro Ohnishi, Masamichi Yamamoto, Daiki Setoyama, Hirohiko Imai, Tomofumi Takenaka, Mari Matsumoto, Koichi Hosomi, Yoichi Saitoh, Hidemasa Furue, Haruhiko Kishima
Summary: Intractable neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (NP-SCI) reduces a patient's quality of life. Excessive buildup of intracellular ATP at the lesion site leads to the release of ATP with mechanical stimulation, causing NP-SCI. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in this process.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Lidia Struzynska
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that leads to progressive disability of patients. Glial cells and P2X7 receptors play crucial roles in the inflammatory reaction in the pathological process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marie Eggers, Felix Ruehl, Friedrich Haag, Friedrich Koch-Nolte
Summary: Nanobodies, the single variable immunoglobulin domains of heavy chain antibodies naturally occurring in camelids, have a hydrophilic surface area which makes them highly soluble, robust in harsh environments, and exceptionally easy to format into bispecific reagents. The unique properties of nanobodies have been utilized in modulating purinergic signaling, with examples targeting P2X7, CD38, and ARTC2.2.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Fisheries
Shuo Li, Tongtong Zhang, Yu Feng, Jinsheng Sun
Summary: Extracellular nucleotides, such as ATP and ADP, released during inflammation or infection, play a crucial role in regulating immune responses in fish by activating specific purinergic receptors on immune cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reece Andrew Sophocleous, Lezanne Ooi, Ronald Sluyter
Summary: The article provides an overview of the current understanding of the P2X4 receptor and its role in neuroinflammatory signaling, discussing the pharmacology of P2X4 receptors and targeting molecules, as well as the use of P2X4 receptor modulators and antagonists in neuroinflammatory disease models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaitryn E. Ronning, Paul-Alexandre Dechelle-Marquet, Yueshen Che, Xavier Guillonneau, Florian Sennlaub, Cecile Delarasse
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by impaired memory, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. The release of ATP and the upregulation of P2X7 receptor in AD patients contribute to the disease's pathological processes. Various pathways involving P2X7 have been identified to influence the development of AD, including modulation of Aβ plaques, Tau protein lesions, and inflammatory response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
R. O. Leite, P. O. de Souza, C. B. Haas, F. da Silveira, K. R. Mohr, A. P. S. Bertoni, M. S. Soares, J. H. Azambuja, M. Dal Pra, L. L. P. da Cruz, N. E. Gelsleichter, K. Begnini, G. Hasko, M. R. Wink, R. M. Spanevello, E. Braganhol
Summary: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated inflammatory response to infection. Purinergic signaling, mediated by purines such as ATP and adenosine, plays a crucial role in the immune and inflammatory responses during sepsis. Sepsis disrupts the balance of ATP and adenosine levels, leading to dysregulation of immune responses. The measurement of serum levels and activities of purinergic pathway markers may serve as potential biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis and treatment.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanu Jain, Kenneth A. Jacobson
Summary: Research has shown that purinergic receptors play a vital role in regulating liver function and the development of liver diseases, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies by targeting adenosine, P2Y, and P2X receptors.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bhavani S. Sahu, Megin E. Nguyen, Pedro Rodriguez, Jean Pierre Pallais, Vinayak Ghosh, Maria Razzoli, Yuk Y. Sham, Stephen R. Salton, Alessandro Bartolomucci
Summary: The review critically evaluates the molecular identity of the TLQP-21 receptor and the proposed multi-receptor mechanism of action, confirming a critical role for C3aR1 in TLQP-21 biological activity, while data supporting a role of gC1qR and HSPA8 remain limited.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laszlo G. Harsing, Gabor Szenasi, Tibor Zelles, Laszlo Koles
Summary: Research suggests that P2Y purinoceptor agonists may lower extracellular glycine levels by facilitating reuptake, while its inhibitors may reduce reverse-mode operation. Additionally, P2Y purinoceptor agonists and glycine transporter 1 inhibitors may indirectly inhibit microglia activity by decreasing glycine release in energy-compromised retina. This inhibition may play a role in reducing neurodegenerative events in the retina.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Songyeon Choi, Kyeongmin Kim, Minjee Kwon, Sun Joon Bai, Myeounghoon Cha, Bae Hwan Lee
Summary: Inhibition of neuroglia activity in the insular cortex can alleviate chronic pain, and purinergic receptors in glial cells are closely related to chronic pain development.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Amanda Costa, Verena Haage, Seulkee Yang, Stephanie Wegner, Burcu Ersoy, Bilge Ugursu, Andre Rex, Golo Kronenberg, Karen Gertz, Matthias Endres, Susanne A. Wolf, Helmut Kettenmann
Summary: The upregulation of M3 receptors in microglia and monocytes during stroke in male mice appears to have a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes, as depletion of these receptors led to larger lesions, more severe motor deficits, and cognitive impairment. This suggests that targeting M3 receptors in immune cells could be a potential therapeutic strategy for stroke.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yimin Huang, Baole Zhang, Hannah Haneke, Verena Haage, Malgorzata Lubas, Yang Yuan, Pengfei Xia, Edyta Motta, Cynthia Nanvuma, Omar Dzaye, Feng Hu, Helmut Kettenmann
Summary: GDNF released by glioma cells promotes tumor growth by increasing MMP9 and MMP14 expression in microglial cells, mediated by specific receptors and signaling pathways. Additionally, GDNF enhances TLR1 and TLR2 expression, contributing to the pro-tumorigenic phenotype of microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biology
Jessica K. W. Tsang, Susanne A. Wolf, Inga M. Pompoes, Antonia M. Joussen, Wai Ching Lam, Di Yang, Amy C. Y. Lo
Summary: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most common cause of childhood blindness, characterized by hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization. Nutritional supplements for newborns may offer a non-invasive way to protect retinal vasculature and improve ROP management.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Daniel Perez Hernandez, Gunnar Dittmar
Summary: The analysis of protein-protein interactions is crucial for understanding cellular signaling. Peptide pull-downs, using chemically synthesized peptides, combined with mass spectrometry, allow for direct measurement of interactome changes induced by post-translational modifications or amino acid exchanges. Peptides are particularly useful for studying SLiM-mediated protein interactions, leading to the development of new technologies for interaction studies.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Verena Haage, Edmilson Ferreira de Oliveira-Filho, Andres Moreira-Soto, Arne Kuhne, Carlo Fischer, Jilian A. Sacks, Victor Max Corman, Marcel A. Muller, Christian Drosten, Jan Felix Drexler
Summary: This study assessed the analytical sensitivity and specificity of eleven commercially-available SARS-CoV-2 Ag-RDTs under different storage and operational temperatures, finding that elevated temperatures impair sensitivity while low temperatures impair specificity. Recommended storage and operation conditions are essential for successful usage of SARS-CoV-2 Ag-RDTs during the pandemic.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Carlo Fischer, Wendy K. Jo, Verena Haage, Andres Moreira-Soto, Edmilson F. de Oliveira Filho, Jan Felix Drexler
Summary: This study provides an overview of challenges towards serological testing for emerging arboviruses, emphasizing the importance of timing of serological testing and the use of paired samples for optimizing diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Till Scheuer, Elena Auf Dem Brinke, Sabine Grosser, Susanne A. Wolf, Daniele Mattei, Yuliya Sharkovska, Paula C. Barthel, Stefanie Endesfelder, Vivien Friedrich, Christoph Buehrer, Imre Vida, Thomas Schmitz
Summary: This study found that neonatal oxidative stress may lead to a decrease in the density of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the brain, as well as the presence of psychiatric symptoms, such as deficits in social interaction, learning, and attention. Additionally, delays in cortical myelination and decreased expression of oligodendroglial glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor were observed, indicating that impaired oligodendroglial-interneuronal interaction contributes to interneuronal damage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giselle Cheung, Danijela Bataveljic, Josien Visser, Naresh Kumar, Julien Moulard, Glenn Dallerac, Daria Mozheiko, Astrid Rollenhagen, Pascal Ezan, Cedric Mongin, Oana Chever, Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans, Joachim Luebke, Isabelle Leray, Nathalie Rouach
Summary: The authors present a fluorescent probe that tracks glutamine in live cells and provide direct visual evidence of an activity-dependent glutamine supply from astroglial networks to presynaptic structures under physiological conditions. This study uncovers the importance of astroglial glutamine in physiological synaptic activity and memory.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Verena Haage, Philip L. De Jager
Summary: This article discusses the feasibility of immune responses as important components of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and highlights the stability and reproducibility of recent human data. The article identifies the potential causal role of immune responses in the course of AD and explores new methods for monitoring human immune function.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nirmeen Elmadany, Obada T. Alhalabi, Michael Platten, Lukas Bunse
Summary: This review summarizes different administration routes for CAR-T cell therapy in glioma, including local therapy, systemic administration, and intra-arterial drug delivery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anupam Sah, Sinead Rooney, Maria Kharitonova, Simone B. Sartori, Susanne A. Wolf, Nicolas Singewald
Summary: Neuroinflammation is believed to contribute to specific subgroups of psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders. Positive environmental stimuli, such as environmental enrichment (EE), could attenuate enhanced trait anxiety by modulating neuroinflammation. Results suggest that targeting microglial anti-inflammatory effects may be a promising approach for treating trait anxiety.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philipp Jordan, Amanda Costa, Edgar Specker, Oliver Popp, Andrea Volkamer, Regina Piske, Tessa Obrusnik, Sabrina Kleissle, Kevin Stuke, Andre Rex, Martin Neuenschwander, Jens Peter von Kries, Marc Nazare, Phillip Mertins, Helmut Kettenmann, Susanne A. Wolf
Summary: Microglia, as the immune effector cells of the CNS, respond to pathologic events by releasing nitric oxide (NO). A compound called C1 was found to significantly reduce NO release in a dose-dependent manner, with a low IC50 (252 nM), and no toxic effects in vitro or in vivo. Target finding strategies, such as in silico modelling and mass spectroscopy, suggest a direct interaction between C1 and nitric oxide synthase, making C1 a promising candidate for specific intra-cellular interaction with the NO producing machinery.
Article
Immunology
Dilansu Guneykaya, Bilge Ugursu, Francesca Logiacco, Oliver Popp, Maria Almut Feiks, Niklas Meyer, Stefan Wendt, Marcus Semtner, Fatma Cherif, Christian Gauthier, Charlotte Madore, Zhuoran Yin, Ozcan Cinar, Taner Arslan, Zoltan Gerevich, Philipp Mertins, Oleg Butovsky, Helmut Kettenmann, Susanne A. Wolf
Summary: Loss of NLGN4 affects synaptic and behavioral phenotypes in ASD. NLGN4 depletion leads to lower microglia density, altered morphology, reduced response to injury and purinergic signaling in mice, particularly in the hippocampal CA3 region and predominantly in males. Proteomic analysis reveals disrupted energy metabolism and sexual dimorphism in the microglial phenotype. Estradiol treatment restores the altered microglial phenotype and function in male NLGN4-/- mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Rosa C. Paolicelli, Amanda Sierra, Beth Stevens, Marie-Eve Tremblay, Adriano Aguzzi, Bahareh Ajami, Ido Amit, Etienne Audinat, Ingo Bechmann, Mariko Bennett, Frederick Bennett, Alain Bessis, Knut Biber, Staci Bilbo, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Erik Boddeke, Dora Brites, Bert Brone, Guy C. Brown, Oleg Butovsky, Monica J. Carson, Bernardo Castellano, Marco Colonna, Sally A. Cowley, Colm Cunningham, Dimitrios Davalos, Philip L. De Jager, Bart de Strooper, Adam Denes, Bart J. L. Eggen, Ukpong Eyo, Elena Galea, Sonia Garel, Florent Ginhoux, Christopher K. Glass, Ozgun Gokce, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Berta Gonzalez, Siamon Gordon, Manuel B. Graeber, Andrew D. Greenhalgh, Pierre Gressens, Melanie Greter, David H. Gutmann, Christian Haass, Michael T. Heneka, Frank L. Heppner, Soyon Hong, David A. Hume, Steffen Jung, Helmut Kettenmann, Jonathan Kipnis, Ryuta Koyama, Greg Lemke, Marina Lynch, Ania Majewska, Marzia Malcangio, Tarja Malm, Renzo Mancuso, Takahiro Masuda, Michela Matteoli, Barry W. McColl, Veronique E. Miron, Anna Victoria Molofsky, Michelle Monje, Eva Mracsko, Agnes Nadjar, Jonas J. Neher, Urte Neniskyte, Harald Neumann, Mami Noda, Bo Peng, Francesca Peri, V. Hugh Perry, Phillip G. Popovich, Clare Pridans, Josef Priller, Marco Prinz, Davide Ragozzino, Richard M. Ransohoff, Michael W. Salter, Anne Schaefer, Dorothy P. Schafer, Michal Schwartz, Mikael Simons, Cody J. Smith, Wolfgang J. Streit, Tuan Leng Tay, Li-Huei Tsai, Alexei Verkhratsky, Rommy von Bernhardi, Hiroaki Wake, Valerie Wittamer, Susanne A. Wolf, Long-Jun Wu, Tony Wyss-Coray
Summary: Microglial research has made significant progress, but the current classification system fails to accurately describe their diversity, leading to misconceptions about their functions. To address this issue, a group of multidisciplinary experts has proposed a naming framework and recommendations to help researchers better understand and describe the different states and functions of microglia.