Article
Neurosciences
Naveen Sendhilnathan, Michael E. Goldberg, Anna E. Ipata
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the cerebellum is not only involved in motor control but also plays a role in reward processing. In an experiment with monkeys, researchers found that the discharge patterns of cerebellar cortex changed during the learning of associations between movements and visual symbols. Despite being related to both reward and movement, these signals were independent of each other.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Stefan Dowiasch, Marius Blanke, Jonas Knoell, Frank Bremmer
Summary: Previous studies have shown that eye movements can cause errors in the localization of flashed stimuli. This study examined flash localization during open-loop pursuit and found that the perceived flash locations were shifted in the direction of the eye movement. The error pattern was similar to that observed during smooth pursuit eye movements and the slow phase of optokinetic nystagmus.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
John S. Stahl, Aaron Ketting-Olivier, Prasad A. Tendolkar, Tenesha L. Connor
Summary: The study investigated the interaction between rate code and PC synchrony in the cerebellar flocculus, and found that pulsed stimuli led to greater PC synchrony. However, this did not necessarily result in more efficient rate code transmission, contrary to the initial speculation about the origin of ataxia in tottering mice.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexander Goettker, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: The close relationship between eye movements and visual processing has led to recent studies focusing on interactions and shared signals between saccades and pursuit eye movements, highlighting multiple interactions and synergies in oculomotor control and visual perception.
Article
Neurosciences
David Souto, Jennifer Sudkamp, Kyle Nacilla, Mateusz Bocian
Summary: Research has found a strong correlation between pursuit eye movements and velocity oscillations of the hip during cyclical movements. This suggests that there is additional information beyond the target point that contributes to the prediction of hip kinematics.
HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Melissa Hunfalvay, Nicholas P. Murray, Revathy Mani, Frederick Robert Carrick
Summary: This study found significant deficits in fixation, saccades, and SPEM in the TBI group compared to the non-TBI group, as assessed by eye tracking tests. Eye tracking technology can effectively differentiate individuals with and without TBI based on oculomotor functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Huixi Dou, Huan Wang, Sainan Liu, Jun Huang, Zuxiang Liu, Tiangang Zhou, Yan Yang
Summary: This study reveals that monkeys exhibit a bias towards tracking the motion direction of a target with a hole, and this target is assigned a higher weight for vector computation compared to other form properties.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Takeshi Miyamoto, Kenichiro Miura, Tomohiro Kizuka, Seiji Ono
Summary: The study found that the onset times of predictive eye deceleration during pursuit termination are consistent regardless of target velocity, controlled by temporal estimation. Additionally, an unexpected offset of the target results in delays in the onset of eye deceleration, although it does not affect the total time for completion of pursuit termination.
Article
Biology
Sol Pose-Mendez, Paul Schramm, Barbara Winter, Jochen C. Meier, Konstantinos Ampatzis, Reinhard W. Koester
Summary: Zebrafish are capable of regenerating neurons in the central nervous system, including Purkinje cells. The study demonstrates that when the Purkinje cells are ablated, they can quickly recover, regain their electrophysiological properties, and restore cerebellum-controlled behavior. Furthermore, the study also shows that Purkinje cell progenitors are present in both larvae and adults, and adult zebrafish are able to regenerate different types of Purkinje cells to restore behavioral impairments.
Article
Ophthalmology
Zhenlan Jin, Ruie Gou, Junjun Zhang, Ling Li
Summary: The study found that in low load condition, TMS of the frontal pursuit area had no effect on both pursuit and letter detection tasks, while in high load condition, TMS reduced pursuit gain but tended to increase letter detection accuracy. Additionally, individual's FPA TMS effect on pursuit gain was significantly correlated with that on letter detection accuracy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shunya Tatara, Haruo Toda, Fumiatsu Maeda, Tomoya Handa
Summary: Smooth pursuit eye movements and saccadic eye movements play a vital role in precise vision. This study developed an all-in-one eye-movement-measuring device that can present visual stimuli, record eye positions, and evaluate eye movements. The device showed accurate measurements of eye movements, as indicated by the results of the study involving 16 participants. The device has potential clinical applications for easily and objectively evaluating eye movements.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Elizabeth J. Apsley, Esther B. E. Becker
Summary: Despite their similar appearance, Purkinje cells exhibit remarkable diversity in terms of their molecular phenotypes, physiological properties, connectivity, and vulnerability. This diversity arises early in development with distinct embryonic cell clusters identified soon after Purkinje cell specification. Traditional methods of characterizing cerebellar development and cell types have been based on selected markers, but recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies have provided greater resolution and understanding of Purkinje cell development and function.
Article
Neurosciences
Jinya Soga, Masayuki Matsuyama, Hiroaki Miura, Stephen Highstein, Robert Baker, Yutaka Hirata
Summary: Multiple frequency components in motor motions require adjustment through motor learning, with the cerebellum playing a crucial role in frequency competitive motor learning. The study on goldfish VOR shows that both gain-up and gain-down learning are involved in motor skill acquisition, with the unique ability of the oculomotor system to handle different frequency components.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Rebekka Schroder, Philine Margarete Baumert, Ulrich Ettinger
Summary: The study found that pursuing a target at higher speeds with a background stimulus resulted in significantly reduced SPEM performance, showing good test-retest reliability. On the other hand, slower target speeds without background stimuli showed lower reliability. The effects of target velocity and background stimuli on SPEM performance demonstrated good to excellent reliabilities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Staf Bauer, Nathalie van Wingerden, Thomas Jacobs, Annabel van der Horst, Peipei Zhai, Jan-Harm L. F. Betting, Christos Strydis, Joshua J. White, Chris De Zeeuw, Vincenzo Romano
Summary: The bursting activity of Purkinje cells at theta frequency has been found to play a role in generating rhythmic behavior, with 8 Hz being the preferred frequency for inducing maximum movement.