Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margherita Longoni, Carlotta Beccaria, Letizia Bonizzoni, Silvia Bruni
Summary: In this study, a thorough investigation was conducted on one of Fontana's artworks using non-invasive and micro-invasive methods, revealing the composition of the metallic paint layer and underlying dark layer.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Letizia Bonizzoni, Simone Caglio, Anna Galli, Chiara Germinario, Francesco Izzo, Donata Magrini
Summary: This paper presents the results of a noninvasive spectroscopic analysis of the mural paintings in the church of San Panfilo in Villagrande di Tornimparte, Italy. By using various spectroscopic techniques, the researchers were able to characterize the original and restoration materials, providing a comprehensive understanding of the palette and alteration products. The analytical protocol minimized the number of samples taken and resolved some ambiguities.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Emilio J. Cerrato, Daniel Cosano, Dolores Esquivel, Cesar Jimenez-Sanchidrian, Jose Rafael Ruiz
Summary: Fragments of a wall painting from a High Roman Empire building in Cordoba, southern Spain were examined to identify the materials and application methods of the pigments used. Various pigments typical of the Roman color palette in Hispania were found, along with mortar made from limestone and sand. The pigments were applied in lime water solution or suspension, while some precious materials like cinnabar and Egyptian blue were applied with an organic binder using the secco technique.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Martina Zuena, Luciano Pensabene Buemi, Luca Nodari, Grazina Subelyte, Lena Stringari, Beatrice Campanella, Giulia Lorenzetti, Vincenzo Palleschi, Patrizia Tomasin, Stefano Legnaioli
Summary: This paper presents a multi-analytical investigation on Max Ernst's oil paintings, aiming to understand his painting techniques, materials used, and the conservation status of the artworks. Through non-invasive techniques, important information about Ernst's methods and materials were revealed, providing a comprehensive analysis of his artworks.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mona Abdel-Ghani
Summary: A multidisciplinary study was performed on a Persian painting to explore its structure and pigments used, revealing the layering and pigment choices in the artwork. The research findings indicate that the painting exhibits some unique characteristics in composition and pigment selection.
VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mian Zhong, Xin Dai, Hongxing Xiang, Bingwei Liu, Xin Zhao, Dongshan Wei, Xiaoguang Tu, Zhihao Wang, Yan Gong, Yajun Xu, Mingxia He
Summary: By doping reduced graphene oxide into epoxy resin, a composite coating with excellent mechanical and electrical properties can be obtained. Characterization techniques such as Raman spectrum testing and X-ray diffractometer can effectively confirm the physical properties of the composite coating, while terahertz spectroscopy analysis reveals the spectral characteristics of the composite coating.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Elena Marrocchino, Chiara Telloli, Sofia Rimoldi, Carmela Vaccaro
Summary: This study analyzes the metal slabs used to protect the walls of motorway tunnels and finds that the coatings are prone to corrosion. By using various analytical techniques, the researchers identify the causes of corrosion and propose a multi-stage corrosion process.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fatemeh Tabatabaei, Roya Mafigholami, Hamid Moghimi, Sanaz Khoramipoor
Summary: This study investigates the biodegradation capacity of microplastics (MPs) by indigenous microorganisms from Tehran drinking water treatment plants. The results show that selected microbial colonies can cause structural, morphological, and chemical changes in MPs.
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paz Arjonilla, Ana Dominguez-Vidal, Ramon Rubio Domene, Elena Correa Gomez, Maria Jose de la Torre-Lopez, Maria Jose Ayora-Canada
Summary: Non-invasive techniques were used to study Hispano Muslim wall paintings, revealing differences and similarities among measurement points and providing insights into past interventions and plaster deterioration. The study's representativeness was also validated.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. F. Hasaneen, A. A. El-Maaref, N. M. A. Hadia, Mohammed Ezzeldian
Summary: In this study, (CdSe)(1-x)(Te)(x) films were fabricated on glass substrates using thermal evaporation technique, and their structure, optical, and vibrational properties were investigated. By adjusting the Te content, the crystalline structure and optical characteristics of the films were changed. The results of this study provide a foundation for optimizing the application of CdSe in optoelectronic devices.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Marcelo O. Pereira, Valter S. Felix, Ana L. Oliveira, Douglas S. Ferreira, Andre R. Pimenta, Cristiano S. Carvalho, Fabricio L. Silva, Carlos A. Perez, Douglas Galante, Renato P. Freitas
Summary: In this work, a suspected counterfeit painting was analyzed using MA-XRF technique, reconstructing the signature and visualizing the use of pigments based on various elements. Additional information about binders used on the painting was obtained through SEM-EDS and FTIR techniques.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Alireza Koochakzaei, Samane Alizadeh Gharetapeh, Behrooz Jelodarian Bidgoli
Summary: The present study used various analysis techniques and photography methods to identify pigments used in a Qur'an manuscript from the early years of the Qajar era. Black ink, orange, and blue pigments were identified, along with a mixture of red lead and vermilion in the red/orange ink. Golden color was found to use both gold and brass alloys as pigments, with copper carboxylate identified as the degradation product. The study highlights the effectiveness of technical photography methods and spectroscopic methods in examining manuscripts and identifying pigments.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Jessica Brocchieri, Elvira Scialla, Antonio D'Onofrio, Carlo Sabbarese
Summary: Diagnostic analyses using XRF, multispectral imaging, and SEM/EDS were conducted on a contemporary painting on canvas. Each method provided complementary information, deepening the understanding of the painting technique. Multispectral imaging revealed the topmost layers, while XRF analysis characterized the chemical composition of materials and pigments used. Additional information on canvas preparation emerged from SEM/EDS analysis. The results revealed the use of pre-treated industrial canvas, a plaster preparatory layer covered with a primer containing titanium white, zinc, and lithopone, the inclusion of a cadmium yellow ground for depth and three-dimensionality, the absence of an underlying design, contemporary pigments, and a fixative spray covering the paint.
QUANTUM BEAM SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maja Gajic-Kvascev, Olivera Klisuric, Velibor Andric, Stefano Ridolfi, Una Galecic, Daniela Korolija Crkvenjakov
Summary: Traditional Serbian religious art has undergone changes in icon painting techniques and materials, with a focus on the blue pigments used in the 18th century. Analysis revealed the use of pigments such as azurite, indigo-organic colorants, and Prussian blue, contradicting the belief that natural ultramarine blue was used. This research sheds light on the historical influences and development of icon painters' practices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdelhak Jrad, Manel Naouai, Souad Ammar, Najoua Turki-Kamoun
Summary: Iron-doped zinc sulfide thin films were synthesized by chemical bath deposition with different Fe dopant concentrations. XRF analysis showed the doped films to be zinc rich and sulfur poor, and the crystalline quality and optical performance were found to be related to the Fe dopant concentration, with the sample doped 6 at.-% Fe showing the best performance. Photoluminescence intensity was also found to be very sensitive to the rise of iron concentration.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anastasios Tsiotsias, Benedikt Ehrhardt, Benjamin Rudolph, Luca Nodari, Seunghyun Kim, WooChul Jung, Nikolaos D. Charisiou, Maria A. Goula, Simone Mascotto
Summary: This paper demonstrates how the composition of bimetallic Fe-Ni exsolution can be controlled by the nature and concentration of oxygen vacancies in the parental matrix, and how this affects the performance of CO2-assisted ethane conversion. The use of mesoporous A-site deficient La0.4Sr0.6-alpha Ti0.6Fe0.35Ni0.05O3+/-delta perovskites enables fast exsolution kinetics of bimetallic Fe-Ni nanoparticles. The control of reduction and growth processes of bimetallic exsolution offers interesting prospects for the design of advanced catalysts based on bimodal nanoparticle heterostructures.
Article
Spectroscopy
Simona Raneri, Asia Botto, Beatrice Campanella, Milos Momcilovic, Vincenzo Palleschi, Francesco Poggialini, Claudia Sciuto, Gabriele Gattiglia, Francesco Volpintesta, Thirumalini Selvaraj, Sanja Zivkovic, Giulia Lorenzetti, Stefano Legnaioli
Summary: In this study, LIBS micro-mapping technique was applied for the first time to the analysis of alkali-activated materials, geopolymers, rocks, mortars and bricks. The results were compared with ED-XRF macro-mapping and the advantages of LIBS approach were highlighted. The issues associated with quantitative determination of sample composition from LIBS spectra were also briefly discussed.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martina Zuena, Andreja Pondelak, Enrico Garbin, Matteo Panizza, Luca Nodari, Andrijana Sever Skapin, Luka Skrlep, Gilberto Artioli, Patrizia Tomasin
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of three products as stone consolidants. The results revealed that, in the examined conditions, these products were more suitable as surface consolidants rather than crack fillers.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Maxime Delporte, Julie Cavailles, Michael Martin Romo Morales, Nicolas Bion, Luca Nodari, Xavier Courtois, Fabien Can, Helena Kaper
Summary: In this study, a series of CaTi1-xFexO3-delta (0 < x < 0.5) materials were prepared using a modified Pechini method. The synthesis conditions were optimized to improve specific surface area and phase purity. The impact of polyols and iron content on the oxygen exchange rate, reducibility, and catalytic performance for methane total oxidation was investigated. The results showed that oxygen activation and diffusion in the materials increased with increasing Ti substitution. Additionally, the methane oxidation performance remained stable within a certain range and was activated by specific iron sites.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Roberta Giugliano, Bruno Cocciaro, Francesco Poggialini, Stefano Legnaioli, Vincenzo Palleschi, Marina Locritani, Silvia Merlino
Summary: This paper presents the results of using LIBS technique to rapidly identify different types of plastic pellets found in marine environment. Chemometric analytical tools and LIBS spectrum were effective in classifying and distinguishing different types of plastic pellets, as well as correlating the appearance and color with the characteristics of the pellets. Additionally, preliminary analysis on the metal content accumulated on the surface of the pellets is discussed.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Martina Zuena, Luciano Pensabene Buemi, Luca Nodari, Grazina Subelyte, Lena Stringari, Beatrice Campanella, Giulia Lorenzetti, Vincenzo Palleschi, Patrizia Tomasin, Stefano Legnaioli
Summary: This paper presents a multi-analytical investigation on Max Ernst's oil paintings, aiming to understand his painting techniques, materials used, and the conservation status of the artworks. Through non-invasive techniques, important information about Ernst's methods and materials were revealed, providing a comprehensive analysis of his artworks.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrea Basagni, Veronica Torresan, Pasquina Marzola, Marcela B. Fernandez van Raap, Luca Nodari, Vincenzo Amendola
Summary: Metastable alloy nanoparticles with complex ultrastructure and dynamic evolution have potential applications in various fields such as photocatalysis and nanomedicine. In this study, metastable Au-Fe alloy nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by laser ablation in liquid, and their properties were characterized using different techniques.
FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Michele Cassetta, Beatrice Giannetta, Francesco Enrichi, Claudio Zaccone, Gino Mariotto, Marco Giarola, Luca Nodari, Marco Zanatta, Nicola Daldosso
Summary: This study examines the effects of alkali vs iron ratio on the properties of synthetic basaltic glasses using Raman spectroscopy and calorimetry. The results show that changes in this ratio alter the glass transition interval and the structure of the glass. The study also reveals that increasing the alkali vs iron content results in a harder elastic medium without changing its nature.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Laura Fornasini, Simona Raneri, Stefano Legnaioli, Vincenzo Palleschi, Antonella Casoli, Silvia Simeti, Danilo Bersani
Summary: The church of San Francesco del Prato in Parma, Italy, is a Gothic masterpiece from the 13th century. It was not appreciated for its historical and monumental value due to its transformation into a jail. Recent restoration works revealed valuable frescoes and wall paintings from different periods.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Tiziana Cavaleri, Claudia Pelosi, Roberto Giustetto, Alessia Andreotti, Ilaria Bonaduce, Giuseppe Calabro, Claudia Caliri, Claudia Colantonio, Paola Manchinu, Stefano Legnaioli, Anna Piccirillo, Francesco Paolo Romano, Bernadette Ventura, Gianna Ferraris di Celle, Marco Gargano
Summary: This study analyzed and restored a painting by Defendente Ferrari, one of the most important painters of the Piedmontese Renaissance, using an interdisciplinary and multi-analytical approach. Through various techniques and tools, researchers explored the artist's painting technique and studied the pigments and chemical changes in the artwork. The research provides valuable insights into the artist's technique and has significant implications for restoration and conservation.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Rosa Costantini, Luca Nodari, Jacopo La Nasa, Francesca Modugno, Lucia Bonasera, Sara Rago, Alfonso Zoleo, Stefano Legnaioli, Patrizia Tomasin
Summary: This study investigates the instability of polyurethane foam used in artworks, which requires careful conservation strategies. Various analytical techniques were used to characterize the main components and additives of the foam. Morphological changes and harmful environmental factors were also studied. The findings provide important insights for preventive conservation of these artworks.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Poggialini, Stefano Legnaioli, Beatrice Campanella, Bruno Cocciaro, Giulia Lorenzetti, Simona Raneri, Vincenzo Palleschi
Summary: This paper discusses the issues related to determining the limits of detection (LOD) in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analytical applications. It illustrates the derivation of the commonly used '3-sigma over slope' rule and its evolution towards the new official definition recently adopted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Methods for extending LOD calculation to LIBS multivariate analysis are also discussed, using the detection of Cu traces in cast iron samples by LIBS as an example.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lavinia de Ferri, Beatrice Campanella, Alice Martignon, Davide Vallotto, Benedetta Tomaini, Stefano Legnaioli, Giulio Pojana
Summary: SERS measurements and false colour images were used to analyze historical textile fragments, revealing the use of multiple dyes and the presence of previously unidentified compounds. The study also highlighted the need for a complete database of historical dyes.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Justin J. L. Kimball, Ruben With, Christian Lochsen Rodsrud
Summary: Micro-CT (μCT) has been increasingly used in the cultural heritage sector to understand past cultures and their materials. In the case of the Gjellestad ship from the Viking Age, μCT was used to document and conserve the deteriorated organic and metallic materials. A georeferencing system was developed to retain important stratigraphic and position information, allowing for spatial positioning using 3D GIS. The use of μCT has shown positive impact on the documentation, conservation, and reconstruction of cultural heritage.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2024)
Review
Archaeology
S. Sylaiou, P. Dafiotis, D. Koukopoulos, K. Koukoulis, R. Vital, A. Antoniou, Chr. Fidas
Summary: This manuscript discusses the growing importance of Extended Reality (XR) in art exhibitions. It explores the technologies used, design issues, evaluation metrics, and aims of XR exhibitions. The research focuses on the current types of technologies used, primary design considerations, and methods to enhance user experience. The paper also examines evaluation criteria and the use of virtual humans for increased engagement. Additionally, it thoroughly discusses parameters affecting user experience and offers suggestions for optimizing design and future directions.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2024)
Article
Archaeology
Carlo Battini, Umberto Ferretti, Giorgia De Angelis, Roberto Pierdicca, Marina Paolanti, Ramona Quattrini
Summary: This research presents a method for recognizing historical building elements using a deep learning system. By leveraging synthetic point clouds to generate 3D models, the proposed approach achieves high accuracy in the experiments conducted on a newly synthetic dataset.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2024)
Article
Archaeology
Jingwen Zhang, Tianlin Ren
Summary: In the era of digital information, metadata and ontology technology have promoted the management and utilization of museum collections. This study focused on ancient Chinese ceramics and proposed solutions for the shortcomings in their information management through metadata analysis and ontology construction. The structure of the ontology was visualized to provide a clearer understanding of ancient Chinese ceramics.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2024)
