Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cristina Ballesteros-Pla, Maria Gracia Sanchez-Alonso, Javier Pizarro-Delgado, Agata Zuccaro, Julio Sevillano, Maria Pilar Ramos-Alvarez
Summary: This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the role of pleiotrophin in the main metabolic organs. Pleiotrophin promotes proliferation in preadipocytes, pancreatic beta cells and during mammary gland development. Additionally, it is crucial for liver structure and neuromuscular junction integrity in skeletal muscle. From a metabolic perspective, pleiotrophin is important for glucose and lipid homeostasis, as well as oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle. Overall, this review suggests pleiotrophin as a potential target for preventing insulin-resistance-related pathologies.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiang Zhang, Suki Ha, Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau, Jun Yu
Summary: Excess body weight, caused by sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet, is a global health problem affecting 2 billion people worldwide. Obesity, especially visceral adiposity, is closely associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer. Recent studies have revealed the involvement of genetic and epigenetic alterations, dysregulation of adipokines, changes in immunity, imbalance of white and brown adipose tissues, and gut microbial dysbiosis in mediating the pathogenic association between visceral adipose tissues and comorbidities. This review explores the epidemiology of excess body weight, mechanisms underlying chronic complications, utilization of visceral fat measurement for risk assessment, and current approaches for prevention and treatment.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Md. Khabeer Azhar, Saleha Anwar, Gulam Mustafa Hasan, Anas Shamsi, Asimul Islam, Suhel Parvez, Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
Summary: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an abundant phytochemical with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, playing significant roles in cancer, neuroprotection, and diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claire L. Meek, Zoe A. Stewart, Denice S. Feig, Samuel Furse, Sandra L. Neoh, Albert Koulman, Helen R. Murphy
Summary: This study found that maternal hyperglycemia and offspring hyperinsulinism in women with type 1 diabetes during pregnancy are associated with perinatal complications and suboptimal pregnancy outcomes. Metabolomic analysis revealed distinct metabolite profiles for different complications, such as increased carnitines and lipid metabolites in large for gestational age infants, and changes in triacylglycerols or dietary phenols in neonatal hypoglycemia and offspring hyperinsulinism. Altered lipid metabolism is a key feature in type 1 diabetes pregnancy, suggesting the need for new strategies to optimize maternal diet and insulin dosing from the first trimester.
Review
Biology
Zhihui Wang, Jingxue Ye, Fengrui Dong, Li Cao, Min Wang, Guibo Sun
Summary: Tensin1, a member of the tensin family, plays crucial roles in various biological processes such as cell adhesion and proliferation. The dual regulatory role of TNS1 in different tumors remains controversial and important for future studies.
Review
Cell Biology
Xin Liu, Yuping Du, Zhenghao Huang, Honglei Qin, Jingwen Chen, Yang Zhao
Summary: N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is a common and endogenous modification of eukaryotic RNAs, playing important roles in RNA metabolism, cell differentiation, cell circadian rhythm, and cell cycle. The methyltransferase-like enzyme 14 (METTL14) functions as an RNA-binding scaffold in the MTC, promoting RNA substrate recognition and enhancing the catalytic capability of METTL3.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fei Qiu, Yijun Yan, Junlan Zeng, Jian-Ping Huang, Lingjiang Zeng, Wei Zhong, Xiaozhong Lan, Min Chen, Sheng-Xiong Huang, Zhihua Liao
Summary: The study on hyoscyamine dehydrogenase revealed the important role of the AbHDH gene in the biosynthesis of hyoscyamine and provided relevant biochemical and metabolic insights. AbHDH was found to enhance the production of hyoscyamine but did not significantly affect the biosynthesis of hyoscyamine, anisodamine, or scopolamine when suppressed.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dexter L. Puckett, Mohammed Alquraishi, Winyoo Chowanadisai, Ahmed Bettaieb
Summary: PKM2 plays a significant role in cancer cell metabolism, proliferation, and migration through its inactive dimeric form, while also being essential for cellular homeostasis in non-cancer tissues. Research targeting various tissues beyond cancer, such as the kidney, liver, adipose, and pancreas, contributes to a better understanding of PKM2's functions in different diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ariel Gershman, Quinn Hauck, Morag Dick, Jerrica M. Jamison, Michael Tassia, Xabier Agirrezabala, Saad Muhammad, Raafay Ali, Rachael E. Workman, Mikel Valle, G. William Wong, Kenneth C. C. Welch Jr, Winston Timp
Summary: Hummingbirds have evolved efficient metabolic strategies to fuel their flight, using ingested nectar during foraging and stored lipids during rest or long-distance flights. However, there is limited knowledge about the differences in relevant enzymes and their regulation, which hampers the understanding of energy turnover in this organism.
Review
Immunology
Xinyu Gu, Qingfei Chu, Xiao Ma, Jing Wang, Chao Chen, Jun Guan, Yanli Ren, Shanshan Wu, Haihong Zhu
Summary: NKT cells play a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in liver diseases. Hepatic iNKT cells interact with other immune cells through direct cell-to-cell contact and cytokine secretion, bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yan Liu, Pu Wang, Weina Hu, Da Chen
Summary: Oxidative stress is a hallmark of cancer, with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased antioxidant expression. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are important antioxidants widely present in various cancers, regulating tumor cell phenotypes and resistance to cell death. PRDXs also play a role in hypoxic signal transduction and the modulation of other components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting PRDXs shows promise in cancer treatment, but further research is needed for clinical application.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susana Coimbra, Susana Rocha, Maria Joao Valente, Cristina Catarino, Elsa Bronze-da-Rocha, Luis Belo, Alice Santos-Silva
Summary: Chronic kidney disease is often accompanied by multiple comorbidities and poor clinical outcomes. Malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis syndrome is common in severe stages of CKD, and adiponectin and leptin may be associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease events.
Article
Immunology
Swaimanti Sarkar, Ankur Das, Ankan Mitra, Songita Ghosh, Sreya Chattopadhyay, Debasish Bandyopadhyay
Summary: This study found that adrenaline-copper complex can cause damage to cardiomyocytes, while melatonin can protect them. The results indicate that melatonin exerts cardioprotective effects through multiple mechanisms, including reducing oxidative stress, regulating inflammation, and inhibiting cell apoptosis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Tatum S. Simonson, Esteban A. Moya, Atul Malhotra
Summary: Mutations in the KCNK3 gene found in sleep apnea patients affect the X-gate function of the TASK-1 channel, resulting in an increase in potassium current and open probability, as well as impaired sensitivity to G-protein-coupled receptor inhibitors.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Hamed Barzinmehr, Maryam Mirza-Aghayan, Rabah Boukherroub
Summary: Graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized graphene oxide (fGO) have attracted considerable attention in heterogeneous catalytic systems due to their numerous advantages including simple preparation, low cost, recyclability, reusability, remarkable optical, electronic, and mechanical properties, and environmentally friendly nature. GO and fGO display various catalytic activities resulting from the synergistic effects of their large surface area and the functional groups or nanoparticles bound to their plane. This comprehensive review investigates the main mechanistic roles played by GO and fGO in chemical reactions, including their applications as acidic catalysts, nucleophiles, electrophiles, p-electron-rich adsorbing supports, photoacatalysts, and phase transfer catalysts. The review aims to provide insights into the design and development of novel carbon-based catalysts with improved performance.
CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Anthony Setiadi, Willian S. Korim, Khalid Elsaafien, Song T. Yao
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Azadeh Sabetghadam, Agnieszka Grabowiecka-Nowak, Alan Kania, Anna Gugula, Ewa Blasiak, Tomasz Blasiak, Sherie Ma, Andrew L. Gundlach, Anna Blasiak
Article
Neurosciences
M. Senthilkumaran, L. Bobrovskaya, A. J. M. Verberne, I. J. Llewellyn-Smith
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2018)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bashair M. Mussa, Sanjay Sood, Anthony J. M. Verberne
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Willian S. Korim, Khalid Elsaafien, Jeremy R. Basser, Anthony Setiadi, Clive N. May, Song T. Yao
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Hong Gao, Willian S. Korim, Song T. Yao, Cheryl M. Heesch, Andrei V. Derbenev
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Decataldo, Tobias Cramer, Davide Martelli, Isacco Gualandi, Willian S. Korim, Song T. Yao, Marta Tessarolo, Mauro Murgia, Erika Scavetta, Roberto Amici, Beatrice Fraboni
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Review
Physiology
Khalid Elsaafien, Willian S. Korim, Anthony Setiadi, Clive N. May, Song T. Yao
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gohar Rizwan, Azadeh Sabetghadam, Chiping Wu, Jackie Liu, Liang Zhang, Aylin Y. Reid
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Anthony Setiadi, Willian S. Korim, Clive N. May, Song T. Yao
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
A. Sabetghadam, C. Wu, J. Liu, L. Zhang, A. Y. Reid
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lindsea C. Booth, Song T. Yao, Alla Korsak, David G. S. Farmer, Sally G. Hood, Daniel McCormick, Quinn Boesley, Angela A. Connelly, Stuart J. McDougall, Willian S. Korim, Sarah-Jane Guild, Svetlana Mastitskaya, Phuong Le, Anja G. Teschemacher, Sergey Kasparov, Gareth L. Ackland, Simon C. Malpas, Robin M. McAllen, Andrew M. Allen, Clive N. May, Alexander V. Gourine
Summary: This study successfully applied optogenetics for selective stimulation of vagal efferent activity in a large animal model (sheep). Viral transduction of a subset of vagal motoneurons resulted in strong axonal membrane expression of the excitatory light-sensitive ion channel ChIEF in efferent projections innervating thoracic organs and reaching beyond the diaphragm.
Review
Virology
Bashair M. Mussa, Ankita Srivastava, Anthony J. M. Verberne
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China in December 2019 led to the global concern of COVID-19. Clinical reports have shown neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients, indicating involvement of the CNS and PNS. This article reviews the routes and mechanisms of neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2, focusing on the role of hypothalamic circuits in mediating neurological symptoms during COVID-19 infection.
