Article
Neurosciences
Kuan-Chung Cheng, Ying-Hao Chen, Chia-Lin Wu, Wang-Pao Lee, Chun Hei Antonio Cheung, Hsueh-Cheng Chiang
Summary: Accumulated beta-amyloid in the brain is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and recent studies have shown that it triggers memory impairment and learning damage through different molecular signaling pathways at different stages. Caution should be taken in future therapeutic interventions due to the involvement of different molecular and cellular mechanisms in A beta-induced learning damage and memory decline.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satish Bodakuntla, Xidi Yuan, Mariya Genova, Sudarshan Gadadhar, Sophie Leboucher, Marie-Christine Birling, Dennis Klein, Rudolf Martini, Carsten Janke, Maria M. Magiera
Summary: The research reveals that the glutamylases TTLL1 and TTLL7 generate unique and distinct glutamylation patterns on neuronal microtubules, affecting microtubule function and neuronal degeneration in different ways. This demonstrates the importance of specific patterns of tubulin glutamylation in maintaining physiological homeostasis.
Article
Forestry
Yanyan Liu, Lizheng Dong, Hongjin Zhang, Yanyu Deng, Bo Hu, Wei Wang
Summary: Soil microbes decompose soil organic matter and regulate soil carbon and nutrient cycles. The effect of long-term nitrogen deposition on soil microbial community and extracellular enzyme activities was studied. Fungal diversity and composition were most affected by nitrogen addition, while bacterial community composition played a key role in enzyme activities.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tsui-Chun Hu, Yao-Ting Sung, Hsing-Huang Liang, Tsung-Jen Chang, Yeh-Tai Chou
Summary: Despite the recognized importance of grammar knowledge to the reading comprehension of EFL learners, research findings on the relationships among grammar knowledge, vocabulary, and reading comprehension are inconclusive. This study recruited 1,149 sixth graders and used structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The results showed that vocabulary played a more-significant role in reading comprehension than grammar knowledge, and grammar knowledge influenced reading comprehension both directly and indirectly through vocabulary.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yongyao Fu, Juan Li, Han Wu, Sijia Jiang, Yiyong Zhu, Chunyu Liu, WenJi Xu, Qiang Li, Liping Yang
Summary: This study identified 15 Botrytis cinerea-responsive LrWRKY genes in Lilium regale Wilson and analyzed their structural features and expression patterns. It was found that LrWRKY39 and LrWRKY41a have different effects on the resistance and susceptibility to B. cinerea, possibly through regulating the transcript levels of SA- and JA-responsive genes.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mackenzie J. Thompson, Jaimee A. Domville, Claire H. Edrington, Angelica Venes, Patrick M. Giguere, John E. Baenziger
Summary: The outermost lipid-exposed alpha-helix (M4) in each of the homologous alpha, beta, delta, and gamma/epsilon subunits of the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is proposed as a lipid sensor. However, the mechanism of this sensor is not clear. To explore the function of M4 alpha-helix in each subunit of the nAChR, alanine mutations were characterized in alpha M4, beta M4, delta M4, and epsilon M4. The results suggest different functional roles for M4 alpha-helix in each subunit and lipid sensing occurs through cumulative interactions at the M4-M1/M3 interface.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ming Xie, Haokai Tang, Feifei Li, Si Wu, Yanhui Dong, Yide Yang, Julien Steven Baker, Jun Ma
Summary: Body fat is associated with a higher risk of FLD, and inflammation level may potentially mediate the association between body fat and FLD in female overweight and obese adults. HsCRP was found to be a significant mediator in this association among females, but not in males.
Article
Psychology, Applied
Peter T. Ajayi, David M. N. Garavito, Valerie F. Reyna
Summary: The research shows that socioeconomic status is related to the intention to report concussions, with the relationship being mediated by cognitive gist processing, concussion knowledge, and concussion attitudes. Lower socioeconomic status may delay the development of cognitive gist processing, leading to unhealthy risk decision-making.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DECISION MAKING
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Craig A. Nash, Carl P. Nelson, Rajendra Mistry, Christian Moeller-Olsen, Elena Christofidou, R. A. John Challiss, Jonathon M. Willets
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Sean Brennan, Shen Chen, Samir Makwana, Christopher A. Martin, Mark W. Sims, Asma S. A. Alonazi, Jonathan M. Willets, Iain B. Squire, Richard D. Rainbow
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sean Brennan, Hussein N. Rubaiy, Saba Imanzadeh, Ruth Reid, David Lodwick, Robert I. Norman, Richard D. Rainbow
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophie J. Bradley, Colin Molloy, Paulina Valuskova, Louis Dwomoh, Miriam Scarpa, Mario Rossi, Lisa Finlayson, Kjell A. Svensson, Eyassu Chernet, Vanessa N. Barth, Karolina Gherbi, David A. Sykes, Caroline A. Wilson, Rajendra Mistry, Patrick M. Sexton, Arthur Christopoulos, Adrian J. Mogg, Elizabeth M. Rosethorne, Shuzo Sakata, R. A. John Challiss, Lisa M. Broad, Andrew B. Tobin
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xianguo Jiang, John Challiss, Paul Glynn
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert Bentley, Sunil Jit R. J. Logantha, Parveen Sharma, Richard R. Rainbow, Gregory Y. H. Lip
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gavin E. Morris, Matthew J. Denniff, Elisavet Karamanavi, Sarah A. Andrews, Renata B. Kostogrys, Vasiliki Bountziouka, Maryam Ghaderi-Najafabadi, Noor Shamkhi, George McConnell, Michael A. Kaiser, Laura Carleton, Christine Schofield, Thorsten Kessler, Richard D. Rainbow, Nilesh J. Samani, Thomas R. Webb
Summary: The study reveals a novel role for SVEP1 and the integrins alpha 4 beta 1 and alpha 9 beta 1 in reducing VSMC contractility. Inhibition of these proteins significantly enhances calcium levels in VSMCs and leads to increased vessel contraction, mediated via VGCCs, PKC, and Rho A/Rho kinase dependent mechanisms.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sean Brennan, Simona Esposito, Muhammad I. M. Abdelaziz, Christopher A. A. Martin, Samir Makwana, Mark W. W. Sims, Iain B. B. Squire, Parveen Sharma, Amy E. E. Chadwick, Richard D. Rainbow
Summary: Hyperglycemia at the time of myocardial infarction has a negative impact on prognosis, regardless of prior diabetes diagnosis. Glucose is suggested to be the damaging factor. In ex vivo models, it was demonstrated that acutely elevated glucose has harmful effects that are PKC alpha/beta-dependent. Cardioprotection can be obtained by inhibiting PKC alpha/beta. Short pretreatments with high glucose revealed time-dependent glucose cardiotoxicity, and inhibition of PKC alpha/beta was studied as a potential mechanism to reverse the toxicity. In isolated non-diabetic rat cardiomyocytes, exposure to elevated glucose for more than 7.5 minutes led to cardiotoxicity, while exposure to metabolic inhibition following 5-minute high glucose showed time-dependent protection lasting around 15 minutes. This protection was further enhanced with PKC alpha/beta inhibition. Cardioprotection was measured by delayed contractile failure, K-ATP channel activation, improved contractile and Ca2+ transient recovery, and increased cell survival. Pre-ischemic treatment with high glucose in a whole-heart coronary ligation protocol also revealed the presence of protection with PKC alpha/beta inhibition. Selective PKC alpha/beta inhibition enhances cardioprotection, suggesting that glycaemic control with PKC inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for myocardial infarction and elective cardiac surgery.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James A. Roberts, Richard D. Rainbow, Parveen Sharma
Summary: Cardiovascular toxicity and diseases have a detrimental impact on morbidity and mortality. The dysregulation of the NRF2 transcription factor can lead to susceptibility to toxicity and subsequent tissue dysfunction in the cardiovascular system. Stimulation of the NRF2 signalling pathway has shown potential in alleviating cardiotoxicity and cardiovascular disease progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sean Brennan, Abrar I. M. Alnaimi, Lauren R. Mcguinness, Muhammad I. M. Abdelaziz, Robert A. Mckenzie, Sophie Draycott, Jacob Whitmore, Parveen Sharma, Richard D. Rainbow
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of global deaths, with ischemic heart disease, including myocardial infarction, leading to 1.7 million deaths annually. The study demonstrates that ML277, a potassium current modulator, provides cardioprotection against ischemia by modifying action potential duration. In various models, ML277 improves contractile recovery, cell survival, and reduces infarct size, suggesting its therapeutic potential in acute coronary syndromes.
Article
Biology
Numan Celik, Fiona O'Brien, Sean Brennan, Richard D. Rainbow, Caroline Dart, Yalin Zheng, Frans Coenen, Richard Barrett-Jolley
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2020)