Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zheng Li, Zhenhui Zhong, Zhongshou Wu, Patrick Pausch, Basem Al-Shayeb, Jasmine Amerasekera, Jennifer A. Doudna, Steven E. Jackson
Summary: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) systems are important tools for plant genome engineering. In this study, the hypercompact Cas phi nuclease is shown to generate stably inherited gene edits in Arabidopsis. The Cas phi protein variants, vCas phi and nCas phi, exhibit higher editing efficiency and no off-target editing was observed. The characteristics of Cas phi, such as its small size, T-rich minimal protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), and wide range of working temperatures, make it an excellent supplement to existing plant genome editing systems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Magdalena Hryhorowicz, Daniel Lipinski, Joanna Zeyland
Summary: The bacteria-derived CRISPR/Cas system is a versatile tool for genome engineering, with wide applications in various fields. However, challenges like immunological reactions and off-target effects remain. This review discusses the current classification of CRISPR systems, new genome-editing technologies, recent applications, as well as limitations, ethical issues, and challenges associated with the CRISPR/Cas system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thomas Ipoutcha, Fabien Rideau, Geraldine Gourgues, Yonathan Arfi, Carole Lartigue, Alain Blanchard, Pascal Sirand-Pugnet
Summary: This study successfully adapted a CRISPR-derived base editor for three major pathogenic Mycoplasma species, allowing precise targeted editing of several virulence factors with high efficiency. This efficient and easy-to-use genetic tool will greatly facilitate functional studies of these economically important bacteria.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Olga Kershanskaya, Gulvira L. Yessenbaeva, Darya S. Nelidova, Aizhan N. Karabekova, Zarina N. Sadullaeva
Summary: The CRISPR/Cas9 technology has the potential to improve crop breeding efficiency and antiviral defense, and its application in barley breeding has shown promising results.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyun-Min Kim, Yebin Hong, Jiani Chen
Summary: CRISPR-Cas enables highly efficient genome editing, allowing the introduction of desired modifications such as mutations and deletions. C. elegans has emerged as a significant model organism for CRISPR-Cas, with numerous strategies established. However, the abundance of methods makes it challenging to choose the correct approach, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate screening methods for genome modification planning.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simran Bhatia, Sudesh Kumar Pooja, Sudesh Kumar Yadav
Summary: The CRISPR-Cas system is an adaptive immune response mechanism in prokaryotes that integrates short sequences of the target genome (spacers) into the CRISPR locus. CRISPR-Cas, classified based on Cas proteins, uses programmable RNAs to target DNA sequences and has become a powerful technique in genome editing. This article discusses the evolution, classification, design, and molecular mechanism of CRISPR-Cas systems, as well as their applications in agriculture and anticancer therapy. It also briefly explores the role of CRISPR and its Cas systems in the diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19, and discusses the challenges and potential solutions in existing CRISPR-Cas technologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gerard Mingarro, Marcel li del Olmo
Summary: Gene editing holds great promise for both the scientific community and society, with CRISPR tools being the key to achieving therapeutic applications. However, initial CRISPR-Cas editing systems have limitations in efficiency and undesired products, leading to the development of various improvements such as base editors and programmable nucleases. Prime editors and dual prime editing systems have also been created to enhance editing outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dusko Lainscek, Vida Forstneric, Veronika Mikolic, Spela Malensek, Peter Pecan, Mojca Bencina, Matjaz Sever, Helena Podgornik, Roman Jerala
Summary: The CRISPR/Cas system, when coupled with Exonuclease III, can enhance gene editing efficiency and lead to significant gene knock-out effects, especially in cell lines, primary cells, and in vivo. This approach has great potential for treating diseases with a genetic etiology.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rongming Liu, Liya Liang, Emily F. Freed, Ryan T. Gill
Summary: CRISPR technology, a universal tool for genome engineering, has been revolutionizing biotechnology. The diverse Cas proteins with complex structures contain multiple evolutionarily conserved functional domains, and engineering key domains can modify the functions of CRISPR/Cas systems.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Naeem, Mubasher Zahir Hoque, Muhammad Ovais, Chanbasha Basheer, Irshad Ahmad
Summary: The innovative CRISPR-Cas technology has enabled genetic engineers to manipulate genomes effectively, but barriers in clinical applications remain, including efficient delivery and off-target effects. Various viral and non-viral vectors are designed to address these issues, but challenges such as immune response and lack of specificity persist.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Ruben D. Arroyo-Olarte, Ricardo Bravo Rodriguez, Edgar Morales-Rios
Summary: CRISPR-Cas technology has revolutionized genome editing in eukaryotic organisms with its simplicity and programmability, but faces challenges in bacterial genome editing. Alternative approaches are being explored to overcome these issues and expand the application of genome editing in bacteria.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Suvra Roy, Vikash Kumar, Bijay Kumar Behera, Janmejay Parhi, Sipra Mohapatra, Tapas Chakraborty, Basanta Kumar Das
Summary: Fisheries and aquaculture, as the fastest-growing food-producing sector, can benefit from genome editing technology like CRISPR/Cas9 for sustainable genetic improvement. However, there are technical, regulatory, and public challenges to be overcome.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Markus Engstler, Tom Beneke
Summary: CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has revolutionized loss-of-function experiments in Leishmania by introducing STOP codons and generating functional null mutants. This study provides a toolbox for CRISPR/Cas9 cytosine base editing in Leishmania, enabling efficient editing and facilitating functional genetic screens in non-clonal populations. This method does not require DNA double-strand breaks, homologous recombination, donor DNA, or isolation of clones.
Article
Oncology
Imran Ansari, Animesh Chaturvedi, Deepak Chitkara, Saurabh Singh
Summary: The understanding of the relationship between epigenetic alterations and gene expression have opened up new therapeutic pathways for treating various diseases, including cancer. CRISPR/Cas and other genome editing technologies have shown potential in epigenome editing. This review outlines the epigenetic therapeutic approach using CRISPR/Cas for cancer therapy.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Chris Richardson, Robert N. Kelsh, Rebecca J. Richardson
Summary: Over the past decade, CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing has become a powerful tool for generating mutations in various organisms. However, the method's efficiency in generating precise genome editing (PGE) is typically lower than that of generating less precise insertions or deletions (indels). Efforts have been made to optimize PGE methods, including designing optimal guide RNA and donor DNA templates, modulating DNA repair pathways, and developing Cas9 fusion proteins. This review provides an overview of recent progress in optimizing PGE methods and their potential for generating human disease models.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2023)
