Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ellen V. Rothenberg
Summary: Transcription factors bind to DNA in a sequence-specific manner and selectively impact gene expression, but their binding sites do not accurately predict the genes they directly control. A new study demonstrates that the same transcription factor binding sites have a greater impact on gene regulation during developmental change.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Pan Wang, Lu Zhao, Sheng Gong, Shuanglong Xiong, Junwei Wang, Dewei Zou, Jinyu Pan, Yangmin Deng, Qian Yan, Nan Wu, Bin Liao
Summary: HIF1α and HIF2α regulate each other with a negative feedback loop, affecting GBM malignant progression through the EGFR-PI3K/AKT pathway and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy. Their interaction with Sox2 and Klf4 further contributes to stemness expression and cell cycle arrest, enhancing malignancy in GBM.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jerry Hung-Hao Lo, Miguel Edwards, Justin Langerman, Rupa Sridharan, Kathrin Plath, Stephen T. Smale
Summary: By examining dynamic ranges of gene expression, the authors found that Oct4 and Sox2 binding is enriched near genes with large dynamic ranges of expression. Their results suggest that Oct4 and Sox2 directly establish both active and silent transcriptional states in pluripotent cells at a large number of genes subject to dynamic regulation.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sneha Mishra, Claudia Cosentino, Ankit Kumar Tamta, Danish Khan, Shalini Srinivasan, Venkatraman Ravi, Elena Abbotto, Bangalore Prabhashankar Arathi, Shweta Kumar, Aditi Jain, Anand S. Ramaian, Shruti M. Kizkekra, Raksha Rajagopal, Swathi Rao, Swati Krishna, Ninitha Asirvatham-Jeyaraj, Elizabeth R. Haggerty, Dafne M. Silberman, Irwin J. Kurland, Ravindra P. Veeranna, Tamilselvan Jayavelu, Santina Bruzzone, Raul Mostoslavsky, Nagalingam R. Sundaresan
Summary: Chronic stress leads to skeletal muscle wasting by increasing glucocorticoid levels. The study demonstrates that SIRT6 plays a role in regulating glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy by modulating the IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Overexpression of SIRT6 reduces the size of myotubes, while depletion of SIRT6 protects against glucocorticoid-induced reduction in myotube size. SIRT6 deficiency hyperactivates IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling, leading to repression of the FoxO transcription factor, an important regulator of muscle atrophy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolin Seifert, Ellen Balz, Susann Herzog, Anna Korolev, Sebastian Gassmann, Heiko Paland, Matthias A. Fink, Markus Grube, Sascha Marx, Gabriele Jedlitschky, Mladen Tzvetkov, Bernhard H. Rauch, Henry W. S. Schroeder, Sandra Bien-Moeller
Summary: Research has shown that PIM1 kinase plays a significant role in the behavior of glioblastoma stem cells, and its inhibition can lead to the death of these stem-like cells, suggesting a potential approach for glioblastoma therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Evan K. Noch, Laura N. Palma, Isaiah Yim, Nayah Bullen, Yuqing Qiu, Hiranmayi Ravichandran, Junbum Kim, Andre Rendeiro, Melissa B. Davis, Olivier Elemento, David J. Pisapia, Kevin Zhai, Hongbiao Carl LeKaye, Jason A. Koutcher, Patrick Y. Wen, Keith L. Ligon, Lewis C. Cantley
Summary: This study investigated the critical role of insulin feedback in the poor clinical efficacy of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition in cancer and the independent association between hyperglycemia and poor prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM). It was found that combining anti-hyperglycemic therapy with PI3K inhibition improved treatment efficacy in a GBM mouse model. Analysis of clinical trial data revealed that hyperglycemia was independently associated with poor progression-free survival in GBM patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Prathyusha Bagam, Gagandeep Kaur, Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Sanjay Batra
Summary: Cigarette smoking is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke leads to abnormal autophagy, resulting in acute lung injury. The study highlights the crucial role of FOXO1 and FOXO3a in regulating autophagy in response to cigarette smoke exposure.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kostas A. Papavassiliou, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Summary: Transcription factors play a critical role in glioblastoma (GBM) by regulating gene expression and influencing cellular processes involved in tumor initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. Understanding the role of transcription factors in GBM provides insights into pathological mechanisms and reveals new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Shreya Udawant, Carl Litif, Alma Lopez, Bonnie Gunn, Erin Schuenzel, Megan Keniry
Summary: The study compared the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in GBM tumor metabolism, revealing that PI3K-impacted glycolytic genes are over-expressed and associated with poor prognosis in GBM patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulina Gil-Kulik, Michal Lesniewski, Karolina Bienko, Monika Wojcik, Marta Wieckowska, Dominika Przywara, Alicja Petniak, Adrianna Kondracka, Malgorzata Swistowska, Rafal Szymanowski, Agnieszka Wilinska, Mateusz Wilinski, Bartosz J. Plachno, Marzena Kostuch, Mansur Rahnama-Hezavach, Mariusz Szuta, Anna Kwasniewska, Anna Bogucka-Kocka, Janusz Kocki
Summary: The expression of eight genes from the IAP family and the gene regulating IAP-XAF1 in stem cells derived from human milk was evaluated. The study revealed the relationships between gene expression and clinical data such as maternal age, maternal BMI, week of pregnancy, bodyweight of the newborn, number of pregnancies and deliveries, and time elapsed since delivery. This research is the first to investigate the expression of genes from the IAPs family in mother's milk stem cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jonhoi Smith, Melvin Field, Kiminobu Sugaya
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a brain tumor that is difficult to treat due to therapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this study, the researchers used RNA interference to suppress the expression of NANOG and OCT4 genes in CSCs, which increased their susceptibility to the anticancer drug temozolomide (TMZ). The researchers found that suppression of NANOG expression resulted in cell cycle arrest and decreased expression of PDK1, suggesting that NANOG contributes to chemotherapy resistance in CSCs through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Article
Orthopedics
Yi Ou-yang, Miao-miao Dai
Summary: This study revealed the molecular mechanisms responsible for adipogenic differentiation and dedifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through analyzing gene expression data. Key genes and pathways related to this process were identified, providing new insights and approaches for the treatment of soft tissue defects and adipogenesis-related skeletal disorders.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Peleli, Ivi Antoniadou, Dorival Mendes Rodrigues-Junior, Odysseia Savvoulidou, Laia Caja, Antonia Katsouda, Daniel F. J. Ketelhuth, Jane Stubbe, Kirsten Madsen, Aristidis Moustakas, Andreas Papapetropoulos
Summary: This study reveals that CTH expression contributes to tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in glioblastoma. Inhibition of CTH can attenuate GBM cell proliferation, migration, and stem cell formation. Higher CTH expression is associated with worse overall survival and resistance to temozolomide in human gliomas.
Article
Cell Biology
Ololade Ogunsina, Richa Banerjee, Luz A. A. Knauer, Ying Yang
Summary: The study found that FOXO1 inhibits the formation of lymphatic valves, making it a potential target for treating congenital lymphedema. The use of the FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 in both in vitro and in vivo models resulted in a significant increase in the expression levels of valve-forming genes and activation of beta-catenin, promoting lymphatic valve formation. These findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of FOXO1 could be an effective strategy for resolving valve defects in congenital lymphedema.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Madhu Rani, Rashmi Kumari, Shashi Prakash Singh, Annu Devi, Preeti Bansal, Aisha Siddiqi, Mohammed A. Alsahli, Saleh A. Almatroodi, Arshad Husain Rahmani, M. Moshahid Alam Rizvi
Summary: MicroRNAs play a critical role in regulating genes, including FOXO transcription factors, which are important tumor suppressors. FOXO family members modulate various cellular processes and their abnormal expression due to microRNA down-regulation has been linked to tumor initiation, chemo-resistance, and progression. Chemo-resistance is a major challenge in cancer treatment, with a high percentage of cancer-related deaths associated with it. This article discusses the structure, functions, and posttranslational modifications of FOXO, as well as the role of microRNAs in carcinogenesis by regulating FOXOs at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNA-FOXO axis can be a potential target for novel cancer therapy to overcome chemo-resistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neftali Vazquez, Lilia Sanchez, Rebecca Marks, Eduardo Martinez, Victor Fanniel, Alma Lopez, Andrea Salinas, Itzel Flores, Jesse Hirschmann, Robert Gilkerson, Erin Schuenzel, Robert Dearth, Reginald Halaby, Wendy Innis-Whitehouse, Megan Keniry
BMC MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Jaime V. K. Hibbard, Neftali Vazquez, Rohit Satija, John B. Wallingford
Summary: The study identified distinct turnover kinetics of IFT-A and IFT-B protein complexes compared to other basal body components. Shared dynamics among known IFT subcomplexes suggest common basal body recruitment and/or retention mechanisms. Cytosolic MT depolymerization indicated that IFT proteins are recruited to basal bodies through a diffusion-to-capture mechanism.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chi G. Weindel, Eduardo L. Martinez, Xiao Zhao, Cory J. Mabry, Samantha L. Bell, Krystal J. Vail, Aja K. Coleman, Jordyn J. VanPortfliet, Baoyu Zhao, Allison R. Wagner, Sikandar Azam, Haley M. Scott, Pingwei Li, A. Phillip West, Jason Karpac, Kristin L. Patrick, Robert O. Watson
Summary: This study reveals that the disease-associated Lrrk2(G2019S) mutation disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis and reprograms cell death pathways in macrophages. Elevated mitochondrial ROS in Lrrk2(G2019S) macrophages leads to the association of GSDMD with mitochondrial membranes, resulting in necroptosis. The findings highlight the pivotal role of GSDMD in multiple cell death pathways and suggest that targeting GSDMD-dependent necroptosis may help limit Lrrk2(G2019S)-mediated immunopathology.