Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
Volume 13, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960123
Keywords
artificial neural networks; forensics; nonsmoker; oral fluid; Raman spectroscopy; smoker; statistics
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Funding
- National Institute of Justice [2017-R2-CX-0006]
- Kuwait University Research Administration [SC08/18]
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Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a valuable tool for analyzing various types of forensic evidence such as traces of body fluids. In this work, Raman spectroscopy was employed as a nondestructive technique for the analysis of dry traces of oral fluid to differentiate between smoker and nonsmoker donors with the aid of advanced statistical tools. A total of 32 oral fluid samples were collected from donors of differing gender, age and race and were subjected to Raman spectroscopic analysis. A genetic algorithm was used to determine eight spectral regions that contribute the most to the differentiation of smokers and nonsmokers. Thereafter, a classification model was developed based on the artificial neural network that showed 100% accuracy after external validation. The developed approach demonstrates great potential for the differentiation of smokers and nonsmokers based on the analysis of dry traces of oral fluid.
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