Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yingjun Cui, Mengyi Zhang, Honglei Xu, Tingrong Zhang, Songming Zhang, Xiuhe Zhao, Peng Jiang, Jing Li, Baijun Ye, Yuanjun Sun, Mukuo Wang, Yangping Deng, Qing Meng, Yang Liu, Qiang Fu, Jianping Lin, Liang Wang, Yue Chen
Summary: Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a common complication in COVID-19. The natural macrocyclic peptide CTL-A has been identified as a potential elastase inhibitor for preventing ALI/ARDS. The first total synthesis of CTL-A was achieved in 24 steps, and preliminary structure-activity relationships were elucidated. In vivo studies using an ALI mouse model demonstrated that CTL-A effectively alleviated acute lung injury, outperforming the approved elastase inhibitor sivelestat. The findings highlight the potential of CTL-A as a candidate for COVID-19 pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satya Krishna Tirunavalli, Madhusudhana Kuncha, Ramakrishna Sistla, Sai Balaji Andugulapati
Summary: Sesamol attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-fi/periostin signaling pathway, improving lung function and reducing mortality.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yali Sun, Xianfei Ding, Yuqing Cui, Hongyi Li, Dong Wang, Huoyan Liang, Shaohua Liu, Xiaojuan Zhang, Haixu Wang, Tongwen Sun
Summary: This study demonstrates that the administration of Sivelestat in septic rats can improve survival, gut microbiota composition, and associated metabolites, providing new options for sepsis treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Toru Arai, Takayuki Takimoto, Naoko Takeuchi, Shojiro Minomo, Tomoko Kagawa, Yoshikazu Inoue
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF). The results showed that the NLR on day 1 was a significant predictor of 90-day survival. Additionally, monitoring NLR on day 4 and day 8, as well as evaluating oxygenation deterioration, may be helpful in managing AE-IPF.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yosafe Wakwaya, Deepa Ramdurai, Jeffrey J. Swigris
Summary: Chronic cough in patients with IPF may involve multiple mechanisms, including comorbid conditions and IPF itself. Diagnostic and management approaches need to be multi-faceted, but may lack robust data support.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chunhua Fu, Yuanqing Lu, Mason A. Williams, Mark L. Brantly, Corey E. Ventetuolo, Laurence M. Morel, Borna Mehrad, Edward W. Scott, Andrew J. Bryant
Summary: The study investigated the impact of myeloid cell proliferation induced by emergency myelopoiesis on the development of pulmonary hypertension, as well as the therapeutic effect of PD-L1 in preventing pulmonary vascular remodeling. The results showed that PD-L1 could be a viable therapeutic target in pulmonary hypertension by acting through a signaling axis involving myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nidhi Sharma, Taslim B. Shaikh, Abhisheik Eedara, Madhusudhana Kuncha, Ramakrishna Sistla, Sai Balaji Andugulapati
Summary: Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) attenuates liver fibrosis by reducing fibrotic markers and their activities through modulation of the MAPK pathway. These findings suggest that DHZ may be a potential therapeutic molecule for treating liver fibrosis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gillian C. Goobie, Xiaoyun Li, Christopher J. Ryerson, Christopher Carlsten, Kerri A. Johannson, James P. Fabisiak, Kathleen O. Lindell, Xiaoping Chen, Kevin F. Gibson, Daniel J. Kass, S. Mehdi Nouraie, Yingze Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the association between PM2.5 and its constituents with global DNAm in patients with IPF. The study found that higher PM2.5 exposure was associated with higher global DNAm, and exposure to sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and black carbon constituents was also associated with higher global DNAm. This study discovered that global DNAm is a novel biomarker for increased PM2.5 and anthropogenic constituent exposure in patients with IPF.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roxana-Elena Cirjaliu, Mariana Deacu, Ioana Gherghisan, Angela Stefania Marghescu, Manuela Enciu, Gabriela Izabela Baltatescu, Antonela Anca Nicolau, Doina-Ecaterina Tofolean, Oana Cristina Arghir, Ariadna-Petronela Fildan
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the risk factors, clinical, radiologic, and histological features of both post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). It highlights the similarities and differences between these two diseases by gathering relevant articles published in English up until October 2022 using multiple databases. This review aims to assist clinicians, pathologists, and researchers in making accurate diagnoses and selecting patients for anti-fibrotic therapies and future therapeutic perspectives.
Article
Immunology
Yiran Chen, Jingya Cai, Mengmeng Zhang, Xin Yan
Summary: This study found that elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is associated with shorter overall survival in IPF patients and can serve as a reliable prognostic biomarker for IPF.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alba Mulet, Jaime Signes-Costa
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a lung disease with unknown causes, which has a poor prognosis. Telomeric shortening may play an important role in its pathogenesis, but mutations in telomere-related genes are not always present. Telomere shortening can serve as a biomarker for disease prognosis independently of other clinical factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Apparao B. Kummarapurugu, Shuo Zheng, Abigail Pulsipher, Justin R. Savage, Jonathan Ma, Bruce K. Rubin, Thomas P. Kennedy, Judith A. Voynow
Summary: In this study, the synthetic compound GM-1111 showed effective anti-NE activity in CF sputum, facilitating DNA depolymerization and reducing sputum elasticity. These findings suggest that GM-1111 could be a promising therapeutic option for CF patients, with potential advantages over traditional unfractionated heparin.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xudan Yang, Zhihao Xu, Songhua Hu, Juan Shen
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease without a known cause. Current approved drugs for IPF, such as Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, can slow down the decline in lung function and reduce the risk of acute worsening. However, they cannot alleviate symptoms or improve overall survival. The development of new, safe, and effective drugs is necessary. Previous studies have shown that cyclic nucleotides and phosphodiesterase inhibitors may be potential targets for treating pulmonary fibrosis. This paper reviews the progress in research on PDE inhibitors and provides insights for the development of anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Katharine M. Lodge, Arlette Vassallo, Bin Liu, Merete Long, Zhen Tong, Paul R. Newby, Danya Agha-Jaffar, Koralia Paschalaki, Clara E. Green, Kylie B. R. Belchamber, Victoria C. Ridger, Robert A. Stockley, Elizabeth Sapey, Charlotte Summers, Andrew S. Cowburn, Edwin R. Chilvers, Wei Li, Alison M. Condliffe
Summary: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a high incidence and mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases, and exacerbations further increase the risk. Hypoxia drives the release of neutrophil elastase, leading to tissue injury. This study found that under hypoxic conditions, COPD neutrophils release more elastase and cause damage to pulmonary endothelial cells, as well as increased adherence to endothelial cells. Plasma from COPD patients also showed higher levels of hypoxia-upregulated neutrophil-derived proteins and protease activity, indicating vascular injury.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Andrew Achaiah, Amila Rathnapala, Andrea Pereira, Harriet Bothwell, Kritica Dwivedi, Rosie Barker, Valentina Iotchkova, Rachel Benamore, Rachel K. Hoyles, Ling-Pei Ho
Summary: Blood neutrophil and lymphopenia are more sensitive than monocytes as prognostic indicators of disease progression in those with established IPF.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Chen-Chi Liu, Kun-Ta Chou, Jyuan-Wei Hsu, Jiun-Han Lin, Tien-Wei Hsu, David Hung-Tsang Yen, Shih-Chieh Hung, Han-Shui Hsu
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Chi Liu, Hsin-Hsien Li, Jiun-Han Lin, Ming-Chen Chiang, Tien-Wei Hsu, Anna Fen-Yau Li, David Hung-Tsang Yen, Han-Shui Hsu, Shih-Chieh Hung
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are more susceptible to ferroptosis-inducing agents, but can be rescued from cell death by activating Hsp27 to upregulate GPX4. Targeting Hsp27 or GPX4 to block this protective mechanism against ferroptosis may be a potential treatment strategy for eradicating CSCs in this type of cancer.