Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Henok D. Habtemariam, Henk-Jan Guchelaar
Summary: Pharmacogenomics studies the heritability of drug response, and individualizing drug therapy based on genetic profile can make drug therapy safer and more effective. Extracellular vesicles can be used to determine the expression of pharmacogenes in the liver.
Article
Cell Biology
Nasibeh Karimi, Razieh Dalirfardouei, Tomas Dias, Jan Lotvall, Cecilia Lasser
Summary: This study reveals the presence of multiple subpopulations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying different tetraspanins in both plasma and serum. The sampling methods and centrifugation protocols used for blood can impact EV analysis results.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shizhen Shen, Zhangjin Shen, Conghui Wang, Xiaodong Wu, Lingfang Wang, Lele Ye, Songfa Zhang, Xiaodong Cheng
Summary: In this study, a method for extracting extracellular vesicles (EVs) from epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues was optimized to investigate the effect of cryopreservation on the phenotypes, contents, and biological functions of the extracted EVs. The results showed that cryopreservation affected the yield and distribution of EVs, but not their morphology or particle mass ratio. The storage of tissues at -80°C increased both small and large EV yields, while the storage of lysates at -80°C decreased large EV yield and increased small EV yield. The cryopreserved EOC tissue retained a high percentage of proteins and miRNAs, and the extracted EVs could promote angiogenesis and invasive migration ability in human endothelial cells. This suggests that cryopreserved EOC tissue has clinical value for studying tissue-derived EVs, especially those related to EV proteins.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xiaogang Chu, Kumar Subramani, Bobby Thomas, Alvin V. Terry, Sadanand Fulzele, Raghavan Pillai Raju
Summary: Studies have shown that factors in the blood of young organisms can rejuvenate the old ones. In this study, it was discovered that treating aged mice with plasma-derived factors from young mice can prolong their lives and reduce oxidative stress. The treatment also modulates the Nrf2/Bach1 axis in the antioxidant response pathway, promoting injury resolution.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Silvia Fischer, Elisabeth Deindl
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important for cell-to-cell communication by delivering various RNA, proteins, lipids, and nucleotides. Different types of EVs, including exosomes, cell surface-derived EVs, and apoptotic bodies, contain different RNA species and can be isolated, quantified, and characterized using specific methods.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fatih Inci
Summary: Isolating nanoparticles from complex fluids is crucial in various fields, and a microfluidic device with integrated filters has been developed to achieve multiple uses for separating exosomes from cell culture media.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiu Yee Kwan, Minting Chen, Keyang Xu, Baisen Chen
Summary: This article critically reviews the impact of obesity on the exosomal cargo contents and the biogenesis of adipocyte-derived exosomes. It also discusses the differences in exosomal contents in different adipose depots, as well as the impact of obesity on exosomes derived from stromal vascular fraction components. The review also touches upon the development and potential application of exosome-based therapy for obesity and its comorbidities.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jose Leon, Jesenia Acurio, Lina Bergman, Juan Lopez, Anna Karin Wikstrom, Pablo Torres-Vergara, Felipe Troncoso, Fidel Ovidio Castro, Manu Vatish, Carlos Escudero
Summary: The study found that circulating small extracellular vesicles in plasma from women with preeclampsia or from hypoxic placentae disrupt the blood-brain barrier, which can be prevented using magnesium sulfate.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nekane Romero-Garcia, Javier Huete-Acevedo, Cristina Mas-Bargues, Jorge Sanz-Ros, Mar Dromant, Consuelo Borras
Summary: The exponential growth in the elderly population and their associated socioeconomic burden have recently brought aging research into the spotlight. To integrate current knowledge and guide potential interventions, nine biochemical pathways are summarized under the term hallmarks of aging. These hallmarks are deeply inter-related and act together to drive the aging process. Altered intercellular communication is particularly relevant since it explains how damage at the cellular level translates into age-related loss of function at the organismal level. As the main effectors of intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) might play a key role in the aggravation or mitigation of the hallmarks of aging. This review aims to summarize this role and provide context for the multiple emerging EV-based gerotherapeutic strategies that are currently under study.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu-Chen Jia, Yi-Xuan Ding, Wen-Tong Mei, Yu-Ting Wang, Zhi Zheng, Yuan-Xu Qu, Kuo Liang, Jia Li, Feng Cao, Fei Li
Summary: Comprehensive reviews and large population-based cohort studies have significantly reduced the incidence and mortality of pancreatitis. The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, in pancreatitis has shown potential for identifying cell-to-cell communication and influencing the disease's development and progression. Plasma exosomes of acute pancreatitis can reach the alveolar cavity and activate alveolar macrophages to cause acute lung injury, suggesting their use as biomarkers and therapeutic agents for this disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo Anitua, Maria Troya, Juan Manuel Falcon-Perez, Silvia Lopez-Sarrio, Esperanza Gonzalez, Mohammad H. Alkhraisat
Summary: The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has attracted increasing interest due to its rich content of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and other biomolecules. Recent research has focused on platelets' released extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their role in intercellular communication. This review aims to compile the current evidence on PRP-derived EVs and evaluate their advantages and limitations for clinical applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Simon Scheck, Emily S. J. Paterson, Claire E. E. Henry
Summary: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that has negative impacts on quality of life and fertility. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in the development of endometriosis and have potential for diagnosis and treatment. However, there are challenges in standardizing EV isolation techniques and reporting, as well as comparing studies due to variations in patient population and sample collection methods.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Forough Mahdavinezhad, Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani, Roghaye Gharaei, Zhaleh Ashrafnezhad, Jamal Valipour, Maryam Shabani Nashtaei, Fardin Amidi
Summary: Research finds that seminal plasma microvesicles and exosomes can protect spermatozoa during cryopreservation, improving sperm motility, morphology, and viability, while reducing oxidative stress and DNA damage.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioanna Lazana
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in maintaining homeostasis, immune modulation, and intercellular communication. They can be detected in various body fluids and their expression can be increased under different conditions. The composition of EVs reflects that of the parental cells, making them valuable for diagnostics. Cancer-derived EVs have been found to contribute to altering the tumor microenvironment and promoting cancer progression and metastasis. Additionally, EVs can transfer their cargo to recipient cells, modifying their properties and offering therapeutic potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata S. Malys, Christof Aigner, Stefan M. Schulz, Helga Schachner, Andrew J. Rees, Renate Kain
Summary: Both differential ultracentrifugation and Exo-spin columns can isolate sEV from human serum, with Exo-spin enabling isolation of sEV with vesicle populations similar to those recovered by DUC, but with lower concentrations. DUC samples contained higher concentrations of exosome specific proteins and mainly consisted of sEV particles, while Exo-spin samples contained copious co-purified plasma lipids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Optics
Wen Zhang, Zhi Wang, Ragini Singh, Yiran Wang, Yiyan Xie, Xiancui Su, Feilong Gao, Guoru Li, Sandip Swarnakar, Rui Min, Bingyuan Zhang, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This paper primarily discusses the structural performance analysis of a single/double/quadruple tapered optical fiber structure based on single-mode fiber and multi-mode fiber. The performance of the fiber, including its diameter distribution, transmitted intensity, and reproducibility, is evaluated. The experimental results indicate that the quadruple tapered optical fiber structure based on single-mode fiber has a higher density of evanescent waves, which is essential for high-sensitivity optical fiber sensors.
Article
Optics
Xuecheng Liu, Muyang Li, Ragini Singh, Yiran Wang, Yiyan Xie, Xiancui Su, Feilong Gao, Guoru Li, Dharmendra Kumar, Bingyuan Zhang, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This paper discusses the application of single-mode fiber (SMF) and multimode fiber (MMF) in the fabrication of a sensor structure based on the hetero-core optical fiber structure. Three different structures were proposed, and it was found that the SMSMS structure generates evanescent waves that penetrate deeper into the sensing probe, increasing its sensitivity.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rajender Kumar, Shrawan Kumar Singh, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Shelvin Kumar Vadi, Nandita Kakkar, Harmandeep Singh, Venkata Subramanian Krishnaraju, Santosh Kumar, Anish Bhattacharya
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and diagnostic yield of Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT-guided, robotic-arm assisted transgluteal prostatic biopsy. The results showed that this method is safe and has a high diagnostic yield for prostate cancer, especially for PSMA-avid lesions.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Shantanu Tyagi, Kalpesh Mahesh Parmar, Shrawan Kumar Singh, Anuj Sharma, Mukesh Shukla, Aditya Prakash Sharma, Sudheer Kumar Devana, Gopal Sharma, Santosh Kumar, Arup Kumar Mandal
Summary: The study found that there was no statistically significant difference in outcomes of augmentation urethroplasty using penile skin graft compared to buccal mucosa graft, with similar success rates and improvements in functional parameters between the two groups.
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sushank Chaudhary, Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij, Jamel Nebhen, Abhishek Sharma, Demostenes Zegarra Rodriguez, Santosh Kumar
Summary: Inter-satellite optical wireless communication (Is-OWC) links have the potential to provide high-speed communication services and enhance the operation of global navigation satellite systems. However, the effective range of Inter-satellite links (ISL) is limited by pointing errors. This research proposes a high-capacity and long-reach Is-OWC link that can transmit ten independent channels over a distance of 40000kms, meeting the communication needs of geostationary earth orbit and low earth orbit satellites.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Tarun Pareek, Kalpesh Parmar, Aditya Prakash Sharma, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This study compared the efficacy, safety, and quality of life (QOL) between intravesical gemcitabine + docetaxel (Gem/Doce) and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The results showed that Gem/Doce group had better QOL outcomes and fewer side effects compared to the BCG group. Therefore, Gem/Doce combination therapy is a promising alternative to BCG for the treatment of NMIBC.
UROLOGIA INTERNATIONALIS
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Satish K. Kedia, Nikhil Ahuja, Patrick J. Dillon, Andrew Jones, Santosh Kumar, Sanjaya Satapathy
Summary: Alcohol use disorder is a serious public health problem, causing a significant number of deaths. This review examines the effectiveness of injectable naltrexone treatment for individuals with alcohol use disorder. The results indicate that injectable naltrexone therapy can reduce the frequency of drinking and heavy drinking days, and increase abstinence rates. However, a portion of patients still do not achieve complete abstinence after treatment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Baljinder Kaur, Santosh Kumar, Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
Summary: In this study, a surface plasmon resonance assisted fiber sensor based on two-dimensional materials is designed for detecting tuberculosis. By introducing carbon nanotubes, MoS2, and antimonene as two-dimensional materials, the sensitivity and figure of merit of the sensor are improved. The probe design, particularly probe 3, shows high performance in detecting tuberculosis.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shikha Uniyal, Kuldeep Choudhary, Surbhi Sachdev, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This article summarizes the application of various optical techniques for biological sensing, with a focus on the latest advancements in prism-based SPR biosensors for detecting abnormal biomolecules and pathogens in the human body.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Lucas Wangwe, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This paper aims to prove fixed point results for interpolative psi-Hardy-Rogers type contraction mappings in quasi-partial b-metric spaces. We also provide an illustrative example to support our results. The results proved here will be utilized to show the existence of the solution of a nonlinear matrix equation as an application.
JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chandresh Dhote, Anamika Singh, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This article reviews the remarkable development of biosensors in food quality monitoring, drug discovery, environmental monitoring, and other fields. It focuses on the advantages of integrated silicon photonic-based biosensors and discusses different device configurations and performance improvement strategies.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Senthil Kumar Prakasam, Arul Joseph Gnanaprakasam, Gunaseelan Mani, Santosh Kumar
Summary: In this paper, we investigate the concept of an orthogonal L-Ψ contraction map and prove the fixed-point theorem in an orthogonal complete Branciari metric space (OCBMS). We provide illustrative examples to support our theorems. As an application of the main results, we demonstrate the existence of a unique solution to a fourth-order differential equation using a more orthogonal L-Ψ contraction operator in OCBMS.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTION SPACES
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Santosh Kumar, Jonasi Chilongola
Summary: This paper aims to prove the existence and uniqueness of a common fixed point for a pair of ?-?-interpolative Hardy-Rogers-Suzuki-type contractions in the context of quasipartial b-metric space. Several well-known results like Hardy and Rogers, Suzuki, and others have been generalized in this work. Additionally, a demonstrative example and an application of fractional differential equations are provided to validate the findings.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTION SPACES
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
B. Bala Subbanna, Prabha Shankar Sharma, Kuldeep Choudhary, Sonika Singh, Santosh Kumar
Summary: This study builds and simulates an all optical reflecting code using a nonlinear optical phenomena within metal-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguides based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The suggested structure is designed in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) software and its performance is analyzed. MATLAB simulation is used for result verification.
OPTICAL INTERCONNECTS XXII
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Satyendra Jain, B. Bala Subbanna, Prabha Shankar Sharma, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Kuldeep Choudhary, Santosh Kumar
Summary: In this study, an optimized all-optical 2x1 line selector based on the nonlinear optical effect inside metal-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguides in Mach-Zehnder interferometers is designed and simulated. The simulation is performed using an optical source of 1550 nm and validated with MATLAB simulation.
PHOTONIC AND PHONONIC PROPERTIES OF ENGINEERED NANOSTRUCTURES XII
(2022)
