Experiences of suicide bereavement: a qualitative study exploring the role of the GP

Background Suicide is a major public health issue. GPs are often on the front line in responding to a suicide. They are called on to support individuals and families in the aftermath of suicide yet there is a dearth of research, particularly from patients' perspectives, on how to provide optimal care for those grieving a suicide in the primary care setting. Aim To improve GP management of suicide bereavement by exploring the lived experiences of affected individuals, focusing on the GP's involvement in the grief process. Design and setting A qualitative approach was adopted using focus group interviews with individuals from suicide bereavement support groups at three locations across Ireland. Method Support groups were contacted by letter. Fifteen interested participants formed three focus groups. Interviews were audiorecorded and transcripts were analysed thematically using the framework method. Results Three major themes dominated: the need for acknowledgement - of the loss and of the lived life of the deceased; the role of stigma in the aftermath of the loss; and the need for proactive provision of direction and support during the grief journey. The GP was identified as ideally positioned in the community to cater for the needs of the bereaved. Conclusion Suicide can result in prolonged, complex grief generating specific patient needs. Stigma may function as a barrier to help seeking. The GP should consider initiating contact with the bereaved. Recommendations have been made to support GPs in their care of the suicide bereaved.