Article
Psychology, Clinical
Emily K. Presseller, Elizabeth W. Lampe, Nicole Nunez, Adrienne S. Juarascio
Summary: This study found that individuals with B-EDs exhibit distinct profiles of dietary restraint, which are associated with differences in binge eating frequency and severity of eating disorder pathology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Stephanie M. M. Manasse, Elizabeth W. W. Lampe, Sophie R. R. Abber, Brighid Fitzpatrick, Paakhi Srivastava, Adrienne S. S. Juarascio
Summary: Research suggests that there is a link between dietary restraint and loss of control (LOC) eating in individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders. However, it is unknown how often dietary restraint leads to successful dietary restriction and which types of restraint are associated with the highest risk of LOC eating. This study aimed to characterize dietary restraint and restriction among individuals with LOC eating and examine the temporal relationships between restraint/restriction and LOC eating.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosmaliza Muhammad, Wan Nur Diana Rajab Aka Wan Ismail, Syauqina Firdus, Syahrul Bariah Abdul Hamid, Ummi Mohlisi Mohd Asmawi, Norazmir Md Nor
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined intuitive eating behavior among young Malay adults in Malaysia. The findings showed a high intuitive eating score among the respondents, with some differences based on gender and living area. The study also found a relationship between intuitive eating and weight-control behaviors and binge eating.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Julia Bartholomay, Lauren M. Schaefer, Glen Forester, Ross D. Crosby, Carol B. Peterson, Scott J. Crow, Scott G. Engel, Stephen A. Wonderlich
Summary: This study examined the relationship between dietary restriction and binge-eating among individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED). The results challenge the assumption that dietary restriction is a key factor in maintaining binge-eating and suggest that reducing dietary restriction may not have the intended effect on binge-eating frequency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jennifer Zoler Dounchis, Anna M. Karam, Richard Stein, Denise E. Wilfley
Summary: The study suggests that individuals with BED and DR who have high levels of negative affect before treatment may have less abstinence and poorer maintenance of treatment gains in the long term. This highlights the need for a screening tool and interventions tailored to reducing negative affect within the context of DR.
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alexandra Jackson, Yoshie Sano, Louise Parker, Anne E. Cox, Jane Lanigan
Summary: Intuitive eating has been minimally researched in its association with dietary intake, with inconsistent results that may vary by sex and food security status. This study found that unconditional permission to eat was associated with higher added sugar intake, while body-food choice congruence was associated with lower added sugar and calcium intake, and higher vegetable and whole grain intake. Eating for physical reasons rather than emotional reasons was associated with higher calcium and vegetable intake. Intuitive eating differed by sex and food security status. While consistent relationships between intuitive eating and intake of more nutritious foods were not found, eating for physical reasons and body-food choice congruence may promote diet quality in a community sample.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mariel Messer, Tracy L. Tylka, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Jake Linardon
Summary: Evidence suggests that body appreciation is a protective factor for eating pathology. This longitudinal study found that intuitive eating mediated the association between body appreciation and eating pathology, with the features of the Unconditional Permission to Eat construct playing an important role. Efforts should be made to enhance body appreciation and intuitive eating in eating disorder prevention programs.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Katrin Kukk, Kirsti Akkermann
Summary: The interplay between dietary restraint, emotion regulation difficulties, and other risk factors of binge eating was assessed in a community sample of women. The findings suggest that dietary restraint and emotion regulation difficulties are related but operate independently in predicting binge eating. Negative affect and fluctuations, as well as neuroticism and preoccupation with body weight, indirectly predict binge eating.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cynthia Yoon, Temperance Joseph, Genesis Moussa, Trenton Voss, Tracey Ledoux, Craig Johnston
Summary: This study found that positive childhood experiences are associated with binge-eating disorder characteristics and intuitive eating in college students. Specifically, feeling comfortable with oneself during childhood is associated with lower prevalence of binge-eating disorder characteristics and higher scores of intuitive eating.
Article
Psychiatry
Megan L. Michael, Adrienne Juarascio
Summary: The study found that increased dietary restraint mediated the relationship between higher impulsivity, particularly greater positive urgency and sensation-seeking, and more frequent binge eating episodes in individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders.
EATING AND WEIGHT DISORDERS-STUDIES ON ANOREXIA BULIMIA AND OBESITY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tyler B. Mason, Anna Dolgon-Krutolow, Kathryn E. Smith, Adam M. Leventhal
Summary: Body dissatisfaction is a significant predictor of binge eating, and sweet taste reward sensitivity can potentiate the association between body dissatisfaction and binge eating.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Huanze Zeng, Argon Chen
Summary: A simple multi-layer classifier (MLC) model with binary split is proposed in the study, which has been thoroughly tested with 40 datasets, showing that binary MLC models are easier to interpret and achieve significantly better performance compared to other models.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Md Nasim Adnan, Ryan H. L. Ip, Michael Bewong, Md Zahidul Islam
Summary: The proposed decision forest algorithm in this paper achieves better balance through effective synchronization of diversity from different sources, leading to significant improvement in accuracy according to empirical evaluations. It is also competitive in terms of complexity and other relevant parameters.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yaqi Wang, Mandy Ho, Pui-Hing Chau, Susan M. Schembre, Daniel Yee Tak Fong
Summary: This study investigated the relationships between routine and compensatory restraints and body mass index (BMI) among Chinese adults. It also explored the mediating role of emotional and external eating in these relationships. The findings showed that routine restraint was associated with higher BMI both directly and indirectly through emotional eating. Compensatory restraint was only indirectly related to higher BMI through emotional eating.
Article
Mathematics
Xinchun Liu
Summary: This paper uses decision tree and random forest machine learning algorithms to detect financial data of listed companies, and through empirical research, constructs a comprehensive application model with an accuracy of up to 96.58% for identifying financial statement fraud, providing an accurate and practical method for capital market participants.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alyssa-Joy Spence, Eric R. Helms, Colby A. Sousa, Michael R. McGuigan
Summary: Previous research has shown that male powerlifters have less range of motion in certain movements compared to sedentary males. This study aims to compare the strength and range of motion of male powerlifters and recreationally strength-trained males, and determine if range of motion can predict strength in these groups.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mariel Messer, Siahn Duxson, Paige Diluvio, Zoe McClure, Jake Linardon
Summary: Muscularity-oriented disordered eating (MODE) is a pathological eating pattern driven by the pursuit of muscularity and leanness. Little research has been conducted on MODE in women, and it is unclear if it contributes unique variance to functional impairment and emotional distress. This study found that MODE explained a significant proportion of unique variance in functional impairment in both men and women, and also contributed to symptoms of depression and anxiety in women.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Antonina Mikocka-Walus, Subhadra Evans, Jake Linardon, Helen Wilding, Simon R. Knowles
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of psychotherapy on symptoms of functional dyspepsia, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. The findings suggest that psychotherapy may have a small to moderate effect on functional dyspepsia symptoms and anxiety, but no significant effect on depressive symptoms. The limited number of trials and high risk of bias in the studies restrict the conclusions.
PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH & MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Ivan Jukic, Alejandro Perez Castilla, Amador Garcia-Ramos, Bas Van Hooren, Michael R. McGuigan, Eric R. Helms
Summary: This systematic review examined the relationship between velocity loss (VL) experienced during resistance training and various acute and chronic responses. The findings suggest that there is a graded relationship between VL and training volume, neuromuscular responses, metabolic responses, and perceptual responses. The choice of exercise, load, and individual factors can modulate these relationships. Higher VL thresholds are more effective for muscle hypertrophy, while lower VL thresholds are more beneficial for jumping, sprinting, and velocity against submaximal loads performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ville Isola, Juha J. Hulmi, Pirita Petaejae, Eric R. Helms, Jari E. Karppinen, Juha P. Ahtiainen
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in body composition, resting energy expenditure, and hormonal changes among physique athletes during competition preparation. The results showed that both male and female athletes experienced decreases in fat mass and subcutaneous fat thickness, with males also losing lean mass. Weight loss, decreased energy intake, and increased aerobic exercise led to adaptive thermogenesis. Leptin levels decreased in both sexes, but more so in females due to higher baseline levels.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Ivan Jukic, Katarina Prnjak, Andrew King, Michael R. McGuigan, Eric R. Helms
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between velocity loss and completed repetitions in the free-weight back squat exercise. The findings showed that there was poor agreement and prediction accuracy in using this relationship to prescribe training volume. Factors such as sex, training status, and personality traits did not influence the relationship. Therefore, it is not recommended to use velocity loss and completed repetitions as a monitoring tool for resistance training with back squats.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Jake Linardon, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz
Summary: Schleider et al. propose that single session interventions (SSIs) could be a promising path toward catalyzing innovation in the development of accessible interventions for eating disorders (EDs). In this commentary, the authors discuss four key empirical questions that should be addressed in order to realize the full potential of SSIs and other innovations in intervention delivery. They hope that this commentary generates further discussion and high-quality, collaborative work related to improving treatment accessibility and clinical outcomes among people with EDs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jake Linardon
Summary: This study examines the reciprocal associations between appearance comparisons to fitspiration images on Instagram and positive body image, negative body image, and dietary restraint. The findings suggest a unidirectional relationship between positive body image and fitspiration comparisons, with higher positive body image predicting lower fitspiration comparisons. Bidirectional associations were also found between fitspiration comparisons, negative body image, and dietary restraint, indicating that higher levels of negative body image and dietary restraint predicted greater fitspiration comparisons, and vice versa.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emily L. Matheson, Harriet G. Smith, Ana C. S. Amaral, Juliana F. F. Meireles, Mireille C. Almeida, Jake Linardon, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Phillippa C. Diedrichs
Summary: This study assessed the impact of a body image chatbot with microinterventions on Brazilian adolescents' body image and well-being outcomes. The results showed that participants who used the chatbot experienced some positive improvements at various time points, supporting the acceptability and effectiveness of microinterventions and chatbot technology in web-based services. The study also provides a blueprint for accessible, cost-effective, and scalable digital approaches to address disparities in healthcare provisions in low- and middle-income countries.
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alexa Rukstela, Kworweinski Lafontant, Eric Helms, Guillermo Escalante, Kara Phillips, Bill I. Campbell
Summary: This study investigated the common decisions and rationales employed by bodybuilding coaches through an anonymous online survey. The results showed that coaches generally recommend three to seven meals per day with a minimum protein intake of 2 g/kg/day. During contest preparation, coaches adjust the protein intake accordingly. In terms of cardiovascular exercise protocols, coaches commonly recommend fasted cardio and take into account the athlete's preference. Creatine was ranked among the top supplements, while testosterone, growth hormone, and methenolone were consistently recommended PEDs.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Brad J. Schoenfeld, Patroklos Androulakis-Korakakis, Alec Pinero, Ryan Burke, Max Coleman, Adam E. Mohan, Guillermo Escalante, Alexa Rukstela, Bill Campbell, Eric Helms
Summary: This paper systematically reviewed case studies on physique athletes to evaluate longitudinal changes in measures of body composition, neuromuscular performance, chronic hormonal levels, physiological adaptations, and psychometric outcomes during pre-contest preparation. The review included 11 case studies comprising 15 drug-free athletes and found marked alterations with high inter-individual variability and divergent sex-specific responses.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Zoe McClure, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Mariel Messer, Jake Linardon
Summary: Research on digital interventions for eating disorders lacks clarity on the predictors, mediators, and moderators of its effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mariel Messer, Sohee Lee, Jake Linardon
Summary: Growing evidence suggests a positive association between self-compassion and intuitive eating, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that self-compassion predicts increased intuitive eating over time, but this association is not mediated by emotion regulation skills or body image flexibility.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Martin C. Refalo, Eric R. Helms, D. Lee Hamilton, Jackson J. Fyfe
Summary: This study investigated the impact of proximity-to-failure in resistance training on neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual responses. The results indicate that training closer to failure leads to greater neuromuscular fatigue and negative perceptual responses.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laura D'Adamo, Jake Linardon, Stephanie M. Manasse, Adrienne S. Juarascio
Summary: The study examines the relationship between therapeutic skills use and symptom change during the enhanced version of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-E) for bulimia nervosa. Results show that using CBT-E skills aiming to reduce dietary restraint is associated with lower BN symptoms. The findings highlight the importance of future work in identifying the most effective CBT-E skills for symptom improvement and developing targeted interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)