Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
La Yan, Xiaoxin Guo, Juanyu Zhou, Yuedan Zhu, Zehong Zhang, Haiyang Chen
Summary: Adult stem cells have self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, and play crucial roles in tissue regeneration and homeostasis maintenance. However, during aging, these cells undergo functional degeneration, resulting in decreased tissue regeneration ability and increased disease incidence. In this study, it was found that Que, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, effectively prevented the hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) in Drosophila, maintained intestinal homeostasis, and prolonged lifespan. In addition, Que promoted the recovery of damaged gut and improved the stress tolerance of Drosophila. It was further revealed that Que prevented age-associated functional decline of ISCs by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting the insulin signaling pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Wang, Binbin Ma, Xiaoxu Liu, Ge Gao, Zhuanzhuan Che, Menghan Fan, Siyan Meng, Xiru Zhao, Rio Sugimura, Hua Cao, Zhongjun Zhou, Jing Xie, Chengqi Lin, Zhuojuan Luo
Summary: ZFP281 cooperates with BRCA2 to prevent R-loop accumulation and facilitate DNA replication in embryonic stem cells. ZFP281 interacts with BRCA2 and recruits it to the bivalent chromatin regions at the genome-wide scale.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Caitlin E. O'Brien, Susan H. Younger, Lily Yeh Jan, Yuh Nung Jan
Summary: The study by O'Brien et al. demonstrates that both the GARP and EARP complexes play a role in dendrite development and highlights the importance of sterol transport in this process.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joshua H. Bourne, Nonantzin Beristain-Covarrubias, Malou Zuidscherwoude, Joana Campos, Ying Di, Evelyn Garlick, Martina Colicchia, Lauren Terry, Steven G. Thomas, Alexander Brill, Jagadeesh Bayry, Steve P. Watson, Julie Rayes
Summary: Platelet CLEC-2 reduces tissue inflammation by regulating inflammatory macrophage activation and trafficking, depending on the expression of its ligand podoplanin. This immune regulatory function is independent of platelet activation and secretion, and involves actin rearrangement, macrophage migration, and modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immunosuppressive factors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ye-Ri Kim, Jeong-In Baek, Kyu-Yup Lee, Un-Kyung Kim
Summary: This study found that Berberine chloride (BC), an isoquinoline-type alkaloid, can effectively prevent hair cell damage and stereocilia degeneration caused by aminoglycoside antibiotics. It exerts a protective effect by inhibiting excessive accumulation of mitochondrial ROS and subsequent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the inhibition of DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
S. J. Sudharshan, Madhu Dyavaiah
Summary: The study demonstrates that astaxanthin enhances the cell growth of DNA repair-deficient mutant cells, protects them from oxidative stress, reduces DNA damage caused by oxidative stress, and decreases apoptosis. Additionally, astaxanthin lowers the accumulation of mutation rate and prolongs the lifespan of DNA repair-deficient mutant cells.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Johnna F. Varghese, Rohit Patel, Mohit Singh, Umesh C. S. Yadav
Summary: Fisetin is able to inhibit foam cell formation by reducing lipid accumulation and preventing oxLDL-induced oxidative stress and NLRP3 activation in macrophages, thereby decreasing the expression of SREBP-1 and its downstream genes.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lea Victoria Griebsch, Elena Leoni Theiss, Daniel Janitschke, Vincent Konrad Johannes Erhardt, Tobias Erhardt, Elodie Christiane Haas, Konstantin Nicolas Kuppler, Juliane Radermacher, Oliver Walzer, Anna Andrea Lauer, Veronika Matschke, Tobias Hartmann, Marcus Otto Walter Grimm, Heike Sabine Grimm
Summary: Due to the global increase in obesity and metabolic disorders, synthetic sweeteners such as aspartame are commonly used as sugar substitutes. However, research suggests that aspartame and its metabolites can cause cellular lipid imbalance and increased oxidative stress, which are important factors in the development of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the use of aspartame as a sugar substitute should be reconsidered and its effects on brain metabolism should be studied in vivo.
Article
Oncology
Hanwei Cui, Qian Yi, Min Tian, Hai Ting Yang, Yuteng Liang, Jie Huang, Qi Zeng, Weichao Sun, Jian Han, Jianxin Guo, Zhiying Yu, Wenlan Liu, Xiufeng Ye
Summary: ADAR1 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer and its dysregulation affects the survival of ovarian cancer patients. Silencing of ADAR1 can inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth and induce cell cycle arrest. Loss of ADAR1 leads to R-loop accumulation and ATR pathway activation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaowen Shi, Li Xu, Jianqin Zhang, Juanfen Mo, Pei Zhuang, Li Zheng
Summary: In this study, the main antioxidant ingredient in mulberry branch extract was screened using the DPPH-HPLC method, and its chemical structure was determined. The results showed that Oxyresveratrol was the active ingredient responsible for protecting HUVECs against ox-LDL-induced injury. This protective effect is achieved through up-regulation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway and reduction of ROS production.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Serkan Cerrah, Fatih Ozcicek, Betul Gundogdu, Betul Cicek, Taha Abdulkadir Coban, Bahadir Suleyman, Durdu Altuner, Seval Bulut, Halis Suleyman
Summary: The effects of carvacrol on oxidative liver injury induced by acrylamide administration in rats were investigated. The results showed that carvacrol can inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation induced by acrylamide, thus protecting the liver from damage.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Weiwei Zhang, Wusan Wang, Maodi Xu, Haitang Xie, Zhichen Pu
Summary: GPR43 may play a crucial role in sepsis-induced inflammation, with agonists reducing inflammation while GPR43-/- mice exacerbate inflammatory reactions and lung injury caused by sepsis. The up-regulation of GPR43 gene inhibits inflammatory reactions by reducing mitochondrial damage, while down-regulation promotes inflammation through acceleration of ROS-dependent mitochondrial damage. These findings highlight the potential importance of inhibiting GPR43 in understanding the mechanism of sepsis-induced inflammation reaction.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisi Li, Yifan Zhen, Xi Chen, Lixue Cao, Junna Song, Xifu Liu, Meng Wang
Summary: This study found that mangiferin can prevent the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA in the cytosol by protecting DNase 2 protein from oxidative damage, thus reducing inflammatory responses in the liver.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sheng Chen, Chen Meng, Yi He, Hanqing Xu, Yunkun Qu, Yingguang Wang, Yunhui Fan, Xiaojian Huang, Hongbo You
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Valencene (VA) on chondrocytes in osteoarthritis (OA) by combating oxidative stress and inflammation. Results showed that VA reversed the rise of ROS, reduced cartilage matrix degeneration, and inhibited production of inflammatory mediators. Mechanistically, VA activated the NRF2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway and suppressed NF-κB signaling to reduce inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Qingxue Xu, Yingze Ye, Zhuo Wang, Hua Zhu, Yina Li, Jin Wang, Wenwei Gao, Lijuan Gu
Summary: The study shows that NLRP3 gene knockout not only provides protection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, but also reduces the severity of poststroke lung injury. This indicates a relationship between brain damage and peripheral organ injury, and protecting the brain can prevent damage to peripheral organs.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuichi Fukutomi, Shu Kondo, Atsushi Toyoda, Shuji Shigenobu, Shigeyuki Koshikawa
Summary: The study explored the genetic and molecular bases of the novel wing pigmentation pattern of a polka-dotted fruit fly, revealing that multiple gene regulatory networks, signaling pathways, and effector genes may have contributed to the emergence of this new trait.
Article
Developmental Biology
Hibiki Nakagawa, Junpei Kuroda, Toshihiro Aramaki, Shigeru Kondo
Summary: Actinotrichia play a crucial role in the formation of fish caudal fins by providing physical support in the dorsal-ventral direction. Lack of actinotrichia results in disordered fin tip shape and oval-shaped fish body.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bianca Petrignani, Samuel Rommelaere, Ketty Hakim-Mishnaevski, Florent Masson, Elodie Ramond, Reut Hilu-Dadia, Mickael Poidevin, Shu Kondo, Estee Kurant, Bruno Lemaitre
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of the Nimrod family member NimB4 in the clearance of apoptotic cells in Drosophila, particularly in phagosome maturation, possibly through binding to apoptotic corpses to engage a phagosome maturation program dedicated to efferocytosis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicole A. Hawkins, Manuel Jurado, Tyler T. Thaxton, Samantha E. Duarte, Levi Barse, Tetsuya Tatsukawa, Kazuhiro Yamakawa, Toshiya Nishi, Shinichi Kondo, Maki Miyamoto, Brett S. Abrahams, Matthew J. During, Jennifer A. Kearney
Summary: This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of the novel compound soticlestat, a CH24H inhibitor, in improving Dravet-like phenotypes in mice by reducing seizure burden, protecting against hyperthermia-induced seizures, and completely preventing SUDEP. Video-electroencephalography analysis confirmed the ability of soticlestat to reduce occurrence of electroclinical seizures in the preclinical model.
Article
Oncology
Mitsuhito Sasaki, Hideki Ueno, Shuichi Mitsunaga, Akihiro Ohba, Hiroko Hosoi, Satoshi Kobayashi, Makoto Ueno, Tetsuji Terazawa, Masahiro Goto, Dai Inoue, Shin Namiki, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shunsuke Kondo, Chigusa Morizane, Masafumi Ikeda, Takuji Okusaka
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of primary prophylactic pegfilgrastim with FOLFIRINOX in Japanese MPC patients. Although no reduction in the incidence of FN was demonstrated, some patients experienced benefits for efficacy by maintaining dose intensity using prophylactic pegfilgrastim.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yusuke Sakamoto, Hiroyuki Osanai, Yuki Tanaka, Shotaro Hiramatsu, Hikari Matsumoto, Kensuke Tagahara, Hirotaka Hosono, Shun Miyamoto, Shun Kondo, Takahiro Kanbara, Yoshihito Nakashima, Hiroshi Asano, Masayoshi Ajioka
Summary: Selecting patients for cryoablation based on contrast-enhanced CT findings improves the procedure's success rates and reduces the recurrence of AF.
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tatsuki Koike, Masato Yoshikawa, Haruhi Kamisaki Ando, William Farnaby, Toshiya Nishi, Etsurou Watanabe, Jason Yano, Maki Miyamoto, Shigeru Kondo, Tsuyoshi Ishii, Takanobu Kuroita
Summary: The study reports the development of novel CH24H inhibitors through structure-based drug design, with 3v identified as a highly potent, selective, and brain-penetrant inhibitor. This compound is currently under clinical investigation as a novel drug class for epilepsy treatment.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Manabu Yamasaki, Norie Matsuda, Kazuaki Matoba, Saki Kondo, Yumi Kanegae, Izumu Saito, Akio Nomoto
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the cause of chronic liver disease, and novel anti-HBV drugs are needed as current therapy cannot completely cure HBV. The compound N-(4-Nitrophenyl)-1-phenylethanone hydrazone (ANPH) has been identified as a potential inhibitor of HBV genome replication, providing a new structural scaffold for drug design and chemical probes for HBV core protein functions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuto Yoshinari, Hina Kosakamoto, Takumi Kamiyama, Ryo Hoshino, Rena Matsuoka, Shu Kondo, Hiromu Tanimoto, Akira Nakamura, Fumiaki Obata, Ryusuke Niwa
Summary: Invertebrates, like fruit flies, possess a hormone similar to incretins found in mammals, such as neuropeptide F, which regulates glucagon and insulin secretion in response to sugar through NPF receptor signaling, promoting lipid anabolism.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shin Kondo, Tatsuro Inoue, Takahiro Yoshida, Takashi Saito, Seiya Inoue, Takeshi Nishino, Masakazu Goto, Nori Sato, Rei Ono, Akira Tangoku, Shinsuke Katoh
Summary: The preoperative 6-minute walk distance is associated with long-term prognosis in patients undergoing esophagectomy. Patients with shorter walk distances had lower 5-year overall survival and relapse-free survival rates after surgery.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jonathan M. Pojer, Abdul Jabbar Saiful Hilmi, Shu Kondo, Kieran F. Harvey
Summary: The Hippo pathway is an important regulator of organ growth and cell fate. In the R8 photoreceptor cells of the Drosophila melanogaster eye, this pathway controls fate choice between different subtypes. The specific proteins involved in this process, such as Crumbs and spectrin cytoskeleton, differ from those influencing organ growth regulated by Hippo pathway in other contexts.
Editorial Material
Surgery
N. Ishimaru, H. Fujikawa, S. Kondo, Y. Kobayashi
Summary: Ectopic ovary is a rare gynecological condition that can lead to menstrual and pregnancy issues, and may develop into malignant tumors. Diagnosis is often difficult and delayed due to lack of symptoms, with patients presenting symptoms such as abdominal pain. Treatment usually involves surgical intervention.
ANNALS OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Junfei Xie, Hao Chen, Wenping Zheng, Zhaohui Cai, Xiaoxue Li, Hongyu Zhang
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs play important regulatory roles in insect physiological processes, including energy metabolism. This study found that the miR-275/305 cluster is crucial for maintaining energy metabolic homeostasis in Bactrocera dorsalis. miR-275 and miR-305 were shown to repress the expression of SLC2A1 and GLIS2, respectively, through binding to their 3'UTR regions. These findings contribute to our understanding of metabolic adaptation to different dietary stimulations and provide insights into potential targets of important miRNAs in non-model organisms.
Article
Entomology
Jian Gu, Ping Zhang, Zhichao Yao, Xiaoxue Li, Hongyu Zhang
Summary: Our study found that BdNubX1 is a positive regulatory gene of the IMD pathway, while BdNubX2 negatively regulates IMD pathway activity. Additionally, BdNubX1 and BdNubX2 are associated with gut microbiota composition, possibly through regulation of IMD pathway activity.
Article
Cell Biology
Yosuke Mizuno, Eisuke Imura, Yoshitomo Kurogi, Yuko Shimada-Niwa, Shu Kondo, Hiromu Tanimoto, Sebastian Hueckesfeld, Michael J. Pankratz, Ryusuke Niwa
Summary: The corpora allata (CA) are endocrine organs that synthesize juvenile hormone (JH) to regulate insect development. In insects like Drosophila melanogaster, neurons projecting to CA have been identified, but their role in JH biosynthesis remains unclear. This study on Drosophila found that hugin neurons projecting to CA have synaptic connections with upstream neurons, although inhibiting these neurons did not significantly impact JH-inducible gene expression.
DEVELOPMENT GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)