Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
Volume 67, Issue 3, Pages 1270-1276Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TED.2020.2967242
Keywords
Flexible electronics; ink-jet printing; thin-film audio speakers
Funding
- SEMI-FlexTech [RFP-17-180]
- Xerox Corporation
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A printed flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) technology platform is described, which combines a thin-film audio speaker, printed interconnects, and printed passive components in a highly flexible system. Bimorph piezoelectric polymer speaker structures were developed and shown to give increased loudness compared with a single layer speaker, with good fidelity and easily recognizable sound. Speakers were fabricated on flexible thin polyimide substrates, which enables integration with printed electronics and other thin-film devices. Two demonstrator circuits were designed to operate the speakers and were fabricated using printed FHE techniques. One circuit was an amplifier for a portable music player, and the second provides a record and playback function using an audio integrated circuit. The fabrication of these devices included ink-jet printed interconnects and ink-jet printed resistors, which showed a good long-term stability and flexibility.
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