Targeted genotyping of circulating tumor DNA for classical Hodgkin lymphoma monitoring: a prospective study

The relevance of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis as a liquid biopsy and minimal residual disease tool in the management of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients was demonstrated in retrospective settings and remains to be confirmed in a prospective setting. We developed a targeted Next-Generation sequencing (NGS) panel for fast analysis (AmpliSeq (R) technology) of nine commonly mutated genes in biopies and ctDNA of cHL patients. We then conducted a prospective trial to assess ctDNA follow-up at diagnosis and after two cycles (C2) of chemotherapy. Sixty cHL patients treated by first line conventional chemotherapy (BEACOPPescalated [21.3%], ABVD/ABVD-like [73.5%] and other regimens [5.2%, for elderly patients]) were assessed in this noninterventional study. The median age of the patients was 33.5 years (range: 20-86). Variants were identified in 42 (70%) patients. Mutations of NFKBIE, TNFAIP3, STAT6, PTPN1, B2M, XPO1, ITPKB, GNA13 and SOCS1 were found in 13.3%, 31.7%, 23.3%, 5%, 33.3%, 10%, 23.3%, 13.3% and 50% of patients, respectively. ctDNA concentration and genotype were correlated with clinical characteristics and presentation. Regarding early therapeutic response, 45 patients (83%, not available [NA] =6) had a negative positron emission tomography (PET) after C2 (Deauville Score 1-3). The mean of DeltaSUVmax after C2 was-78.8%. ctDNA after C2 was analysed in 54 patients (90%). ctDNA became rapidly undetectable in all cases after C2. Variant detection in ctDNA is suitable to depict the genetic features of cHL at diagnosis and may help to assess early treatment response, in association with PET.

Automated summary

The study demonstrates the significance of ctDNA analysis as a liquid biopsy and minimal residual disease tool in the management of cHL patients. By using a targeted NGS panel for fast analysis and monitoring the changes in ctDNA after chemotherapy, it helps to assess early treatment response and genetic features of cHL.