Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanshan Wang, Xiaochao Zhu, Songjiang Li, Yingjin Song, Guanyi Chen, Li'an Hou
Summary: Wet torrefaction (WT) pretreatment coupled with pyrolysis technology improves the fuel properties of camel dung (CD) and reduces NOx emissions during thermal utilization. The energy yield, energy-mass synergy efficiency, and thermal stability are enhanced at WT-270 pretreatment temperature. WT pretreatment increases the release of H2 and CH4 and decreases the release of H2O and CO2 during pyrolysis. Furthermore, WT contributes to nitrogen removal and stabilization, resulting in reduced gaseous pollutants emissions, particularly NOx and NO.
Article
Thermodynamics
Katarzyna Cieslak, Katarzyna Ganczyk-Specjalska, Katarzyna Drozdzewska-Szymanska, Michal Uszynski
Summary: Granules containing different nitrogen content and stabilizers were prepared and studied for their physicochemical and thermal properties. The degree of gelling, nitrogen content, and stabilizer type play significant roles in the thermal decomposition process of the granules.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hong Tian, Jiang Zhu, Yang Yang, Shan Cheng, Yanshan Yin, Fuqiang Qin, Lei Liu
Summary: The effects of alkali metals (KCl, NaCl) and alkaline earth metals (CaO, MgCl2) on the evolution of nitrogen-containing compounds and product distribution during the pyrolysis of phenylalanine were investigated. TG-IR was used to track the changes in nitrogen-containing gases (NH3, HCN, HNCO) with temperature and their final release amounts. The pyrolysis reaction paths of phenylalanine were simulated using the M06-2X method and 6-31g(d) basis set, and the influence mechanism of AAEMs on the evolution process of nitrogen-containing compounds was explored at the molecular level. The results showed that KCl promoted the release of HCN and HNCO while inhibiting the release of NH3, whereas NaCl inhibited the production of NH3 and HCN and promoted the production of HNCO. Both CaO and MgCl2 promoted the release of HCN and NH3 and inhibited the release of HNCO, with MgCl2 having a minor effect on HNCO. Theoretical simulations revealed that the competitive effect of AAEMs on the formation paths of aromatic nitrogen compounds was the main reason for the overall change in the three nitrogen-containing gases.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zonghui Zhang, Yadi Hu, Fang Wang, Xuejing Zheng, Jie Liu, Keyong Tang
Summary: The management and safe disposal of chrome-tanned leather wastes is crucial due to potential health risks and environmental hazards. This study proposes an integrated strategy for disposing of these wastes, involving the separation of chromium salts for recycling and pyrolysis of the acid-treated waste. The results provide useful information on the composition, morphology, and kinetics of the waste, offering an alternative route for recycling and disposing of chrome-containing leather wastes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wasif Farooq, Imtiaz Ali, Salman Raza Naqvi, Mohd Sajid, Hassnain Abbas Khan, Sagir Adamu
Summary: The study demonstrates that the prepared Ni/theta-Al2O3 catalyst significantly enhances the pyrolytic conversion of Parachlorella kessleri HY-6 by reducing the mean activation energy, leading to improved conversion efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lijian Leng, Lihong Yang, Xinni Lei, Weijin Zhang, Zejian Ai, Zequn Yang, Hao Zhan, Jianping Yang, Xingzhong Yuan, Haoyi Peng, Hailong Li
Summary: This study used machine learning models to predict and optimize the specific surface area, nitrogen content, and yield of biochar, based on the composition of biomass and pyrolysis conditions. The results showed that pyrolysis temperature, residence time, and fixed carbon were the most influential factors in predicting the targets. The findings provide insights for designing biochar with desired properties and targeted applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michal Siman, Vojtech Krupka, Lukas Kejla, Petr Straka, Tim Schulzke, Juliano Souza dos Passos, Patrick Biller, Milos Auersvald
Summary: Accurate determination of carbonyl content in bio-oils is crucial for the storage stability and the design of hydrotreatment process. However, the commonly used Faix method may underestimate carbonyl content in protein-rich biomass oils due to nitrogen interference. This study identifies nitrogen interferences and introduces a correction step to mitigate underestimation, which is particularly important for bio-oils with high nitrogen content.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shefali Aktar, Md Afzal Hossain, Nimesha Rathnayake, Savankumar Patel, Gabriel Gasco, Ana Mendez, Cicero de Figueiredo, Aravind Surapaneni, Kalpit Shah, Jorge Paz-Ferreiro
Summary: This study investigated the influence of temperature and carrier gas on the characteristics of biochar, and found significant differences in functional groups, surface area, and elemental ratios of biochar produced under different conditions. These findings provide important reference for tailoring biochar for environmental applications.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Shenshi Huang, Ruichao Wei, Jingwen Weng, Jian Wang
Summary: This study investigated the thermal behavior of NC-ethanol mixtures and found that an ethanol content of approximately 30-50% helps reduce the thermal hazard of NC during a fire. The results provide insights into ensuring safe storage of NC and effective fire suppression measures.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gamzenur Ozsin, Esin Apaydin-Varol, Murat Kilic, Ayse E. Putun, Ersan Putun
Summary: Pyrolysis of petroleum sludge is a promising method for energy production from solid waste, requiring prediction of thermal decomposition behavior for modeling. This study focused on developing a systematic methodology to calculate kinetics and thermodynamics of oil sludge pyrolysis. The findings on evolved gases and kinetic and thermodynamic parameters can enhance the utilization of this residue in refinery applications.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Guannan Dong, Hao Xie, Michael Formolo, Michael Lawson, Alex Sessions, John Eiler
Summary: Methane clumped isotope analysis is a tool used to determine the formation temperature or origin of methane. Research indicates that isotopic disequilibrium caused by gas migration or chemical processes may affect the accuracy of thermometry applications.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amit Kumar Sharma, Praveen Ghodke, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Suvendu Manna, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Leonidas Matsakas, Alok Patel
Summary: This study focuses on bioenergy production from Chlorella pyrenoidosa, utilizing all biomass components to produce biodiesel and biochar. The research demonstrates the potential of using microalgae for eco-friendly renewable fuels, along with the production of value-added co-products in a zero-waste biorefinery approach.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Javier Ordonez-Loza, Farid Chejne, Abdul Gani Abdul Jameel, Selvedin Telalovic, Andres Amell Arrieta, S. Mani Sarathy
Summary: By conducting a TGA-FTIR analysis of sugarcane bagasse bio-oil, this study investigated its characteristics during pyrolysis and combustion processes, revealing three distinct stages of oxidation and analyzing the kinetic parameters. The study found that the intensity of CO2 FTIR peaks during bio-oil combustion was 10 times higher than that during pyrolysis, shedding new light on the thermal degradation/oxidation characteristics of sugarcane bagasse bio-oil.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ziyi Ding, Huashan Chen, Jingyong Liu, Haiming Cai, Fatih Evrendilek, Musa Buyukada
Summary: This study characterized the pyrolysis process of medical plastic wastes through TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS analyses, finding that medical bottles showed better pyrolysis performance with lower residue content.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michael W. McPartlin, Brandon R. Italiano, Thomas M. Tiano, Sarah J. Pilkenton, Timothy J. Lawton
Summary: This study focuses on the fiber composition of flame resistant fabrics used in military uniforms, utilizing XPS, TGA, and Py-GC-MS to analyze the fabrics and identify the parent fibers and FR treatment added to them. It was found that blending fibers to make fabrics did not significantly change the thermal decomposition chemistry, allowing for successful determination of the fiber composition and FR treatment.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.