Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nan Qin, Muyi Li, Han Zhang, Feifei Li, Xinrui Guo, Mengjia Wu, Qingli Zhang, Ting Tang, Fengsong Liu
Summary: Vago proteins, also known as SVWCs, play a prominent role in antiviral immunity in arthropods. However, a study on the MnSVWC protein from Macrobrachium nipponense revealed its function as a pattern recognition receptor against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and covert mortality nodavirus (CMNV). It was found that MnSVWC can bind to WSSV and promote hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis and activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, thus modulating humoral immunity in prawns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Juan Du, Kaidi Yue, Yanxin Peng, Qianji Ning
Summary: MnLec1, a novel C-type lectin found in the exoskeleton of Macrobrachium nipponense, plays a crucial role in binding to various microorganisms and immune defense against A. hydrophila. The survivability of prawns infected with A. hydrophila significantly decreases after RNAi of MnLec1, indicating its importance in immune response.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Hansam Cho, Ki Hoon Park, Yuyeon Jang, Yeondong Cho, Yoon-Ki Heo, Minjee Kim, Young Bong Kim
Summary: Outbreaks of infectious disease in shrimp pose a serious threat to shrimp agriculture worldwide. Shrimp lack adaptive immunity and rely solely on innate immunity for defense against infectious disease. Toll-like receptors play a critical role in the shrimp innate immune system, with the identification of a new Toll-like receptor gene (MnToll) in Macrobrachium nipponense potentially involved in defense against WSSV.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan Liu, Ao Zhang, Na Guo, Qiang Hao, Fuhua Li
Summary: In this study, a ficolin gene Ptficolin was characterized from the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Ptficolin showed higher expression in stomach and hepatopancreas, and could recognize and eliminate invading pathogens, playing an important role in hemolymph coagulation in crabs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Beixiang Liu, Xueying Cao, Jiaxue Li, Zuosheng Jiang, Wei Qin, Hongyu Wang, Chengxiang Zhou, Qian Ren, Xin Huang
Summary: Bursicon is a neuropeptide hormone in insects that regulates cuticle tanning and wing development, and also regulates the secretion of antimicrobial peptides. This study identified Mnburs alpha and Mnburs beta in Macrobrachium nipponense, showing their widespread expression in immune tissues and their upregulation in response to pathogen invasion. Knockdown and recombinant protein experiments suggest that Mnburs alpha and Mnburs beta play positive roles in AMP synthesis, with a mechanism involving the transcription factor Relish in innate immunity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suisui Wang, Jingxiu Bi, Chengjun Li, Bin Li
Summary: This study reveals that the GBL domain of TcLph can recognize pathogens and trigger immune defense responses. The GBL domain is highly conserved and can bind to different types of molecules. Moreover, TcLph is significantly upregulated after infection and its silencing worsens bacterial infection and larval mortality. Therefore, TcLph may play an important role in insect defense against invasive microbes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Hongwei Zhang, Zhifang Yang, Ruidong Zhang, Kui Wang, Hao Yu, Xin Huang
Summary: This study identified a novel TRIM gene called MnTrim-like in the oriental river prawn. The expression of MnTrim-like in the stomach was significantly up-regulated upon white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge. Knockdown of MnTrim-like resulted in increased expression of VP28 and decreased synthesis of several antimicrobial peptides. Additionally, silencing these antimicrobial peptides led to increased expression of VP28 and WSSV copies. Injection of recombinant MnTrim-like protein with WSSV decreased the transcription of VP28 and the number of virus particles.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ying Huang, Qian Ren
Summary: The Hippo homologue MnHippo with three isoforms was identified for the first time from the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Phylogenetic analysis showed MnHippo was closely related to STPK4 and Hippo of Penaeus vannamei, and the expression of MnHippo was found to be upregulated in prawns challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus. Knockdown of MnHippo resulted in decreased expression of antimicrobial peptides and weakened clearance of bacteria in prawns, suggesting a role for MnHippo in antibacterial immune defense in M. nipponense.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Ke Zhao, Yukai Qin, Xingyu Nan, Kaimin Zhou, Yu Song, Weiwei Li, Qun Wang
Summary: In this study, a Ficolin homolog named EsFicolin was discovered in Chinese mitten crab. It was found that EsFicolin can be up-regulated in hemocytes after bacterial stimulation and has antibacterial activity and the ability to agglutinate bacteria. EsFicolin also enhances the phagocytosis of hemocytes for bacterial clearance, indicating its important role in the crab's antibacterial immune response.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Szilvia Lukacsi, Zsolt Farkas, Eva Saskoi, Zsuzsa Bajtay, Krisztina Takacs-Vellai
Summary: Endocytosis provides cellular nutrition and homeostasis, while pathogens often exploit this entry point to infect host cells. Phagocytosis plays a key role in protecting against invading microbes, with initial recognition of infection differing between mammals and C. elegans. However, molecules involved in efferocytosis are highly conserved between the two species, making C. elegans a powerful model for studying phagocytic mechanisms. Additionally, studies in both mammals and worms show that defective apoptotic cell clearance can lead to the activation of innate immunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Nouhoum Dibo, Xianshu Liu, Yunfeng Chang, Shuaiqin Huang, Xiang Wu
Summary: Schistosomiasis is still a significant public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions, and its elimination remains challenging. Immune responses are crucial for controlling the disease, but prolonged inflammatory responses contribute to disease progression. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of innate immune responses is important for developing effective therapies and vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Long Wang, Jianbin Feng, Guiling Wang, Tianyu Guan, Chuankun Zhu, Jiale Li, Hui Wang
Summary: The study found that cadmium has significant effects on the non-specific immunity and antioxidant defense system of Macrobrachium nipponense, with low concentrations having a positive impact on immunity but high concentrations leading to potential oxidative damage. Histology results showed that cadmium can damage the gill and hepatopancreas tissues of M. nipponense. These findings provide theoretical data for evaluating the influence of heavy metal cadmium on M. nipponense and its toxic mechanism.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Guang Han Ong, Benedict Shi Xiang Lian, Takumi Kawasaki, Taro Kawai
Summary: Adjuvants enhance vaccine potency by activating innate immune responses, which in turn stimulate acquired immune responses against pathogens. Current research focuses on the effectiveness of PAMPs and DAMPs as adjuvants, as well as gaining a comprehensive understanding of the immune reactions to agonists for PRRs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Beixiang Liu, Hongyu Wang, Zuosheng Jiang, Wei Qin, Chengxiang Zhou, Xin Huang, Ying Huang, Qian Ren
Summary: Spatzle genes were cloned from Macrobrachium nipponense, indicating their involvement in the innate immunity. MnSpz2 was identified as the major isoform in the heart, gills, stomach, and intestine.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Xiaoling Dai, Ximei Nie, Zhengxiao Han, Qian Ren, Xin Huang
Summary: This study identified two glycine-rich crustin genes, Mn-GlyCru3 and Mn-Gly-Cru4, in Macrobrachium nipponense, which play crucial roles in the defense against foreign pathogens. The expression of these genes was significantly altered in different tissues after challenge with bacteria or viruses. The findings suggest that Mn-GlyCru3 and Mn-Gly-Cru4 are important players in the innate immune response against bacterial or viral infections.