Journal
FASEB JOURNAL
Volume 34, Issue 3, Pages 4653-4669Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902455R
Keywords
actin; caveolae; clathrin; dynamin 2; TGEV
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program [2018YFD0500100]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [31870154, 31522056, 61705092]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China [BK20170194]
- Jiangsu Key Research and Development Program [BE2018709]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
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Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes significant economic losses in swine industry. Current studies on TGEV internalization mainly focus on viral receptors, but the internalization mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we used single-virus tracking to obtain the detailed insights into the dynamic events of the TGEV internalization and depict the whole sequential process. We observed that TGEVs could be internalized through clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and the internalization of TGEVs was almost completed within similar to 2 minutes after TGEVs attached to the cell membrane. Furthermore, the interactions of TGEVs with actin and dynamin 2 in real time during the TGEV internalization were visualized. To our knowledge, this is the first report that single-virus tracking technique is used to visualize the entire dynamic process of the TGEV internalization: before the TGEV internalization, with the assistance of actin, clathrin, and caveolin 1 would gather around the virus to form the vesicle containing the TGEV, and after similar to 60 seconds, dynamin 2 would be recruited to promote membrane fission. These results demonstrate that TGEVs enter ST cells via clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytic, actin-dependent, and dynamin 2-dependent pathways.
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