Journal
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
Volume 389, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111898
Keywords
Centromere; Neocentromere; Kinetochore; Epigenetics; Chromatin
Categories
Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI [25221106, 17H06167, 16H06279, 15H05972, 17K07501]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17K07501, 15H05972, 17H06167] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The centromere is an essential genomic region that provides the surface to form the kinetochore, which binds to the spindle microtubes to mediate chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Centromeres of most organisms possess highly repetitive sequences, making it difficult to study these loci. However, an unusual centromere called a neocentromere, which does not contain repetitive sequences, was discovered in a patient and can be generated experimentally. Recent advances in genome biology techniques allow us to analyze centromeric chromatin using neocentromeres. In addition to neocentromeres, artificial kinetochores have been generated on non-centromeric loci, using protein tethering systems. These are powerful tools to understand the mechanism of the centromere specification and kinetochore assembly. In this review, we introduce recent studies utilizing the neocentromeres and artificial kinetochores and discuss current problems in centromere biology.
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