Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mandy V. V. Bartsch, Christian Merkel, Hendrik Strumpf, Mircea A. Schoenfeld, John K. Tsotsos, Jens-Max Hopf
Summary: This study analyzes the spatiotemporal dynamics of neuromagnetic activity in the human visual cortex during focus shifts. The findings suggest that large focus shifts elicit activity modulations starting from higher hierarchical levels and progressing to lower levels, while smaller shifts start at lower levels. Successive shifts involve backward progressions through the hierarchy. The study concludes that covert focus shifts arise from a cortical coarse-to-fine process, which improves spatial resolution and resolves coding issues.
Article
Neurosciences
Tingting Wu, Melissa-Ann Mackie, Chao Chen, Jin Fan
Summary: The study found that overt and covert attention orientations are represented by interdependent functional clusters of neuronal populations in regions of the frontoparietal network, which may reflect a generalizable principle in the nervous system for the functional organization of closely associated processes.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Fern Jaspers-Fayer, Antonio Maffei, Jennifer Goertzen, Killian Kleffner, Ambra Coccaro, Paola Sessa, Mario Liotti
Summary: This study used high-density electroencephalography to investigate the attentional biases for emotional faces in individuals at risk of developing clinical depression. The results showed that participants with high dysphoria had greater negative voltage in the early processing stage for happy faces and exhibited a greater negative amplitude for happy faces compared to fearful faces. However, there were no significant effects or interactions involving the dysphoria group in the intermediate and late stages of emotional face processing.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Antonio Maffei, Jennifer Goertzen, Fern Jaspers-Fayer, Killian Kleffner, Paola Sessa, Mario Liotti
Summary: The study investigated the impact of task demands on processing happy, sad, and fearful expressions behaviorally and electrophysiologically. The results showed that emotional content does not necessarily require attention in the early stages of face processing, with voluntary attention fully modulating the response to emotional content in the final stage of processing.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Louisa Kulke, Lena Brummer, Arezoo Pooresmaeili, Annekathrin Schacht
Summary: In this study, it was found that emotional faces, especially happy and angry ones, significantly affect shifts of attention in both overt and covert conditions. The modulation of ERPs by facial expressions was similar regardless of whether eye movements were executed or withheld, suggesting that emotional content enhances both types of attention shifts.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Mario Dalmaso
Summary: Humans tend to shift their attention based on spatial signals, and this study explored whether foot cues can also elicit an attentional orienting response. Participants were asked to locate a peripheral target, while a picture of a naked human foot in either a neutral or action-oriented posture was presented. The results showed that the action-oriented foot, but not the neutral one, induced an orienting response, particularly when presented in a mixed context.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Maria M. Arredondo, Richard N. Aslin, Janet F. Werker
Summary: A bilingual environment can impact the structure and function of the brain, enhancing higher-cognitive functions in infants. Brain activity measurements in 6- and 10-month-old infants showed different patterns between bilingual and monolingual infants during tasks, indicating how early bilingual experiences can alter the cortical organization underlying cognitive functions.
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Francesco Di Muccio, Paolo Ruggeri, Catherine Brandner, Jerome Barral
Summary: Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively related to sustained attention performance. This study finds that higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with faster response times and higher accuracy in a psychomotor vigilance task. EEG analysis reveals increased global field power in the posterior cingulate cortex and earlier activation of supplementary motor areas in individuals with higher cardiorespiratory fitness.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonathan M. Keefe, Emilia Pokta, Viola S. Stormer
Summary: This study found that exogenous attention operates by facilitating information at the attended location, as indicated by enhanced behavioral and attention-mediated changes in visual-cortical activity at the cue location. However, processing and neural activity at the unattended target location were equivalent to baseline, suggesting that exogenous attention may not suppress processing of unattended information.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ken-ichi Morishige, Nobuo Hiroe, Masa-aki Sato, Mitsuo Kawato
Summary: The study identified that predictive models consist of combinations of three computational brain functions: visual information-processing, maintenance of attention, and eye-movement control. Accuracy in different tasks showed significant differences, indicating that separate subsets of neurons in the same cortical regions control visual attention and eye movements differently.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren M. Patrick, Kevin M. Anderson, Avram J. Holmes
Summary: The study shows that the brain responds to variations in effort expenditure, reflecting the efforts individuals put in pursuit of their goals. These findings are important for understanding how the brain processes behavior in complex real-world environments, with implications for health and disease research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andre Mattes, Elisa Porth, Eva Niessen, Kilian Kummer, Markus Mueck, Jutta Stahl
Summary: Understanding human error processing is a relevant interdisciplinary goal. The error negativity (Ne) has been established as a fundamental electrophysiological marker of various types of erroneous decisions. It has been commonly interpreted that Ne differences reflect more intense error processing under accuracy instructions, but our study challenges this interpretation by demonstrating that the significant speed-accuracy difference in the participant-average waveform is mostly attributable to the alignment of neuro-cognitive processes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonio Maffei, Ambra Coccaro, Fern Jaspers-Fayer, Jennifer Goertzen, Paola Sessa, Mario Liotti
Summary: This study adds novel insights by investigating how attention influences neural responses during face processing. The results indicate that overt processing of facial expressions is associated with reduced cortical segregation and increased cortical integration, particularly for negative expressions. Additionally, increased communication efficiency is observed between the core and extended face processing systems during overt processing of negative expressions. Overall, these findings reveal that attention enhances the interaction among face processing nodes, highlighting a connectivity signature of prioritized processing for negative expressions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Amy Chow, Yiwei Quan, Celine Chui, Roxane J. Itier, Benjamin Thompson
Summary: The study found that fearful facial expressions significantly orient spatial attention more than happy or neutral expressions. The magnitude of the gaze cueing effect in mild-to-moderate amblyopia was comparable to that in normal vision, and was not correlated with the severity of amblyopia.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yunsong Li, Meili Luo, Xilin Zhang, Suiping Wang
Summary: Deaf adults have better visual attentional orienting, especially when the target is located in the periphery. Both exogenous and endogenous cues can facilitate visual attentional orienting in deaf individuals, with exogenous cues having a stronger effect.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bridgette L. Tonnsen, John E. Richards, Jane E. Roberts
JOURNAL OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Maggie W. Guy, John E. Richards, Bridgette L. Tonnsen, Jane E. Roberts
DEVELOPMENTAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Natalie H. Brito, William P. Fifer, Dima Amso, Rachel Barr, Martha Ann Bell, Susan Calkins, Albert Flynn, Hawley E. Montgomery-Downs, Lisa M. Oakes, John E. Richards, Larissa M. Samuelson, John Colombo
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Chuanji Gao, Stefania Conte, John E. Richards, Wanze Xie, Taylor Hanayik
Article
Neurosciences
Christian O'Reilly, Eric Larson, John E. Richards, Mayada Elsabbagh
Summary: This study introduced a series of anatomical models for infants aged between zero and 24 months, which can be used for EEG source reconstruction. These templates, built from MRI averages and BEM segmentation of head tissues, are expected to support future research on EEG-based neuroimaging and functional connectivity in healthy infants and clinical pediatric populations.
Article
Psychology, Educational
Wanze Xie, Joe Bathelt, Anna Fasman, Charles A. Nelson, Michelle Bosquet Enlow
Summary: This study utilized a community detection approach to identify different groups of children with distinct temperament traits, and found that the co-occurrence of certain traits may be an early predictor of internalizing problems at 5 years of age. These findings are important for understanding the relationship between childhood temperament and risk for psychopathology.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
John E. Richards, Maggie W. Guy, Abigail L. Hogan, Jane E. Roberts
Summary: This study examined the patterns of event-related potential responses during a face processing task in groups of preschoolers uniquely impacted by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including children with ASD, children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), children with familial risk for ASD but without a diagnosis (ASIBs), and a low-risk control (LRC) group. The results showed that the FXS group had larger ERP components compared to the other groups, while the ASD and ASIB groups showed smaller responses for specific stimuli. The similarity of the ASD and ASIB responses suggested a common genetic or environmental origin for the reduced response.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Marco Lunghi, Elena Serena Piccardi, John E. Richards, Francesca Simion
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Katherine L. Perdue, Sarah K. G. Jensen, Swapna Kumar, John E. Richards, Shahria Hafiz Kakon, Rashidul Haque, William A. Petri, Sarah Lloyd-Fox, Clare Elwell, Charles A. Nelson
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Wanze Xie, Sarah A. McCormick, Alissa Westerlund, Lindsay C. Bowman, Charles A. Nelson
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Wanze Xie, Brittany M. Mallin, John E. Richards
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Wanze Xie, Brittany M. Mallin, John E. Richards
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2018)
