Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xun Zou, Ming Zhai, Di Yang, Guannan Liu, Tongyao Wang, Li Guo, Yu Zhang
Summary: Reducing carbon-based fossil fuel dependence and increasing environmentally friendly energy resources are crucial in combating global warming. Steam gasification technology is the most suitable for hydrogen production from biomass fuels. In this study, the impact of oxygen-containing functional groups on the steam gasification process of biomass char is investigated, and results show that the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups increases the yield of combustible gas by nearly 20%.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Thomas Steiner, Kai Schulze, Robert Scharler, Andres Anca-Couce
Summary: The layer model, also known as the interface-based model, is a simplified single particle model developed for faster computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. It assumes that a reactive biomass particle is made up of successive layers, with drying, pyrolysis, and char conversion occurring sequentially. The interfaces between these layers are the reaction fronts. This study investigates the suitability of the surface reaction concept used in previous layer models for gasifying biochar and proposes an extended model that considers volumetric reactions and intraparticle diffusion to better describe the biochar gasification process. The extended model is validated using theoretical calculations and experimental measurements.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shanhui Zhao, Yunliang Zhang
Summary: In this study, the heterogeneous decomposition and steam/CO2 reforming of gasification tar over bio-char were investigated using experimental and density functional theory (DFT) approaches. The results showed that bio-char significantly enhanced the decomposition of toluene. Steam/CO2 reforming improved toluene decomposition efficiency by maintaining the activity of bio-char. DFT calculations revealed the mechanisms and energy barriers involved in the reactions, providing insights into the role of bio-char.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yun Liu, Yuan Zhang, Yu-qing Zhang, Lian-sheng Chen, Hai-ying Li, Hui-min Liu
Summary: The study investigated the effects of pyrolysis heating rate on the char structure and CO2 gasification reactivity of energy crops, revealing that bio-char obtained at a rapid heating rate had more structural defects and carbon crystallite imperfections, leading to higher gasification reactivity. However, this also resulted in a decrease in crystallization size, graphitization, and aromatization degree.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruochen Liu, Remi Tsiava, Shenqi Xu, Dezhen Chen
Summary: The study found that under high temperature conditions, oxygen content and different types of char will affect the gasification characteristics, and adding a proper amount of oxygen to the CO2/H2O mixture can promote the gasification reaction.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ruochen Wu, Jacob Beutler, Larry L. Baxter
Summary: This investigation examines the trends in biomass char diameter during gasification using continuous particle size data and a theoretical model to describe the variations. The model captures the qualitative and most of the quantitative variation in the data.
Article
Thermodynamics
Katarzyna Spiewak, Grzegorz Czerski, Piotr Soprych
Summary: The feasibility of steam gasification of tire char and the impact of various biomass ashes in the process were assessed. The addition of a catalyst and increasing its loading improved the reactivity of the tire-char and had a significant impact on gas component yields. Catalytic tire char gasification under appropriate conditions may be an attractive way to efficiently obtain a hydrogen-rich gas.
Article
Thermodynamics
Wen Tang, Jing-Pei Cao, Zhi-Hao Wang, Zi-Meng He, Tian-Long Liu, Ze-Ying Wang, Fei-Long Yang, Jie Ren, Xiao-Yan Zhao, Xiao-Bo Feng, Hong-Cun Bai
Summary: The study demonstrates that using acid-washed and oxidized Shengli lignite char as a carbon precursor to load cobalt nano-catalyst shows higher activity and stability in low temperature steam reforming of biomass tar, with relatively high H-2 production and low E-a value.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Elmeri Pienihaekkinen, Evert J. Leijenhorst, William Wolters, Christian Lindfors, Joona Lahtinen, Taina Ohra-aho, Anja Oasmaa
Summary: Fast pyrolysis of different biomass was studied, and the produced pyrolysis bio-oils were characterized. Gasification of the bio-oils produced synthesis gas with similar composition for all feedstocks. The combination of fast pyrolysis with subsequent gasification provides a feasible solution for synthesis gas production.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
G. Grasa, I. Martinez, R. Murillo
Summary: Gasification kinetics of six chars from residual origin were studied under relatively low temperature, low CO2, and high H2O partial pressures. The Random Pore Model (RPM) showed the best fit to experimental results, but the selection of the reaction model depended on the ash composition, specifically the presence of alkali and alkaline earth metals. Chars with ash content higher than 30% wt. were modeled with the RPM model, while chars with the highest K/Si ratio required modified versions of the RPM to accurately predict reaction rates. Textural properties played a key role in determining reaction parameters, such as the pre-exponential factor and activation energy, for chars with similar ash content and composition.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2024)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kenji Koido, Takayuki Hoshi, Michio Sato
Summary: This study investigated the fuel characteristics of fruit-tree branches and proposed a reaction model for the CO2 gasification process. The results showed that the porous structure of the branches affected the gasification process, and the eMRPM model accurately described the peak gasification rate at the end of gasification. These findings have important implications for energy production using fruit-tree branches.
Article
Thermodynamics
Siqi Liu, Liping Wen, Yanqing Niu, Bokang Yan, Yu Lei, Denghui Wang, Shi'en Hui
Summary: The impact of CO2 on coal char combustion is complex due to its thermal and chemical effects. Experimental results show that carbon conversion ratios exhibit a V-type distribution with increasing CO2 concentrations, with minimum conversion points at 5-10%. The endothermicity effect of gasification reaction becomes more influential at higher CO2 concentrations.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Review
Thermodynamics
Francesco Patuzzi, Daniele Basso, Stergios Vakalis, Daniele Antolini, Stefano Piazzi, Vittoria Benedetti, Eleonora Cordioli, Marco Baratieri
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in small-scale biomass gasification in Central and Northern Europe. A comprehensive survey and monitoring campaign were conducted in the South Tyrolean region of Italy to assess biomass and char flows, and characterize gasification products. The data collected provides reference values for small-scale biomass gasification systems in the European market and explores potential utilization pathways for chars.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bo Wang, Fanfan Xu, Xin Wang, Jun Li, Yongyi Song, Yingyun Qiao, Yuanyu Tian
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive comparative investigation on feedstock pyrolysis and char gasification performance of typical forestry biomass from Northeast Asia. The results showed that different forestry biomass has close thermal decomposition characteristics, and Salicaceae char has better gasification performance than Pinaceae char due to its high AAEMs content.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bo Wang, Fanfan Xu, Xin Wang, Jun Li, Yongyi Song, Yingyun Qiao, Yuanyu Tian
Summary: The present study provides a comprehensive comparative investigation on the feedstock pyrolysis and char gasification performance of typical forestry biomass from Northeast Asia. The results show that different forestry biomass has similar thermal decomposition characteristics, and the performance of Salicaceae is better than that of Pinaceae in terms of pyrolysis and char gasification.
Article
Thermodynamics
Pengcheng Zhao, Jingang Wang, Liming Sun, Yun Li, Haiting Xia, Wei He
Summary: The production of green hydrogen through water electrolysis is crucial for renewable energy utilization and decarbonization. This research explores the optimal electrode configuration and system design of compactly-assembled industrial electrolyzer. The findings provide valuable insights for industrial application of water electrolysis equipment.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
V. Baiju, P. Abhishek, S. Harikrishnan
Summary: Thermally driven adsorption desalination systems (ADS) have gained attention as an eco-friendly solution for water scarcity. However, they face challenges related to low water productivity and scalability. To overcome these challenges, integrating ADS with other desalination technologies can create a small-scale hybrid system. This study proposes integrating ADS with a Thermo Electric Dehumidification (TED) unit to enhance its performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
C. X. He, Y. H. Liu, X. Y. Huang, S. B. Wan, Q. Chen, J. Sun, T. S. Zhao
Summary: A decentralized centroid multi-path RC network model is constructed to improve the temperature prediction accuracy compared to traditional RC models. By incorporating multiple heat flow paths and decentralizing thermal capacity, a more accurate prediction is achieved.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chaoying Li, Meng Wang, Nana Li, Di Gu, Chao Yan, Dandan Yuan, Hong Jiang, Baohui Wang, Xirui Wang
Summary: There is an urgent need to shift away from heavy dependence on fossil fuels and embrace renewable energy sources, particularly in the energy-intensive oil refining process. This study presents an innovative concept called the Solar Oil Refinery, which applies solar energy in oil refining. A solar multi-energies-driven hybrid chemical oil refining system that utilizes solar pyrolysis and electrolysis has been developed, significantly improving solar utilization efficiency, cracking rate, and hydrogen yield.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chao Ma, Guanghui Wang, Dingbiao Wang, Xu Peng, Yushen Yang, Xinxin Liu, Chongrui Yang, Jiaheng Chen
Summary: This study proposes a bio-inspired fish-tail wind rotor to improve the wind power efficiency of the traditional Savonius rotor. Through transient simulations and orthogonal experiments, the key factors affecting the performance are identified. A response surface model is constructed to optimize the power coefficient, resulting in an improvement of 9.4% and 6.6% compared to the Savonius rotor.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sina Bahmanziari, Abbas-Ali Zamani
Summary: This paper proposes a new framework for improving electrical energy harvesting from piezoelectric smart tiles through a combination of magnetic plucking, mechanical impact, and mechanical vibration force mechanisms. Experimental results demonstrate a significant increase in energy yield and average energy harvesting time compared to other mechanisms.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Nanjiang Dong, Tao Zhang, Rui Wang
Summary: This study establishes a multiobjective mixed-variable configuration optimization model for a comprehensive combined cooling, heating, and power energy system, and proposes an efficient generating operator to optimize this model. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ahmed E. Mansy, Eman A. El Desouky, Tarek H. Taha, M. A. Abu-Saied, Hamada El-Gendi, Ranya A. Amer, Zhen-Yu Tian
Summary: This study aims to convert office paper waste into bioethanol through a sustainable pathway. The results show that physiochemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of the waste can yield a high glucose concentration. The optimal conditions were determined using the Box-Behnken design, and a blended membrane was used for ethanol purification.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sven Klute, Marcus Budt, Mathias van Beek, Christian Doetsch
Summary: Heat pumps are crucial for decarbonizing heat supply, and steam generating heat pumps have the potential to decarbonize the industrial sector. This paper presents the current state, technical and economic data, and modeling principles of steam generating heat pumps.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Le Zhang, To-Hung Tsui, Yen Wah Tong, Pruk Aggarangsi, Ronghou Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of a current-carrying-coil-based magnetic field in promoting anaerobic digestion of chicken manure. The results show that the applied magnetic field increases methane yield, decreases carbon dioxide production, and reduces the concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Microbial community analysis reveals the enrichment of certain methanogenic genera and enhanced metabolic pathways. Pilot-scale experiments confirm the technical effectiveness of the magnetic field assistance in enhancing anaerobic digestion of chicken manure.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Chen, Ruiqing Ma, Yang Zhou, Rui Ma, Wentao Jiang, Fan Yang
Summary: This paper presents an advanced energy management strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric heavy-duty vehicles, focusing on speed planning and energy allocation. By utilizing predictive co-optimization control, this strategy ensures safe inter-vehicle distance and minimizes energy demand. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing fuel cell degradation cost and overall operation cost.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fabio Fatigati, Roberto Cipollone
Summary: Organic Rankine Cycle-based microcogeneration systems that use solar sources to generate electricity and hot water can help reduce CO2 emissions in residential energy-intensive sectors. The adoption of a recuperative heat exchanger in these systems improves efficiency, reduces thermal power requirements, and saves on electricity costs.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lipeng He, Renwen Liu, Xuejin Liu, Xiaotian Zheng, Limin Zhang, Jieqiong Lin
Summary: This research proposes a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester (PEHEH) for low-frequency wave motion and self-sensing wave environment monitoring. The PEHEH shows promising power output and the ability to self-power and self-sense the wave environment.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shangling Chu, Yang Liu, Zipeng Xu, Heng Zhang, Haiping Chen, Dan Gao
Summary: This paper studies a distributed energy system integrated with solar and natural gas, analyzes the impact of different parameters on its energy utilization and emissions reduction, and obtains the optimal solution through an optimization algorithm. The results show that compared to traditional separation production systems, this integrated system achieves higher energy utilization and greater reduction in carbon emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qingpu Li, Yaqi Ding, Guangming Chen, Yongmei Xuan, Neng Gao, Nian Li, Xinyue Hao
Summary: This paper proposes and studies a piston-type thermally-driven pump with a structure similar to a linear compressor, aiming to eliminate the high-quality energy consumption of existing pumps and replace mechanical pumps. The coupling mechanism of working fluid flow and element dimension is analyzed based on force analysis, and experimental data analysis is used to determine the pump operation stroke. Theoretical simulation is conducted to analyze the correlation mechanism of the piston assembly. The research shows that the thermally-driven pump can greatly reduce power consumption and has potential for industrial applications.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)