Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Endika Robles, Markel Fernandez, Jon Andreu, Edorta Ibarra, Unai Ugalde
Summary: The demand for more reliable and efficient electric machines and drives is growing in renewable energy and transport electrification sectors. However, inverters producing high-frequency common-mode voltage waveforms may lead to issues such as electromagnetic interference and insulation deterioration. Preventive measures such as modifying inverter topologies and using advanced modulation techniques have been proposed in the literature to minimize or eliminate the common-mode voltage.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Feng Guo, Tao Yang, Ahmed M. Diab, Zhen Huang, Seang Shen Yeoh, Serhiy Bozhko, Patrick Wheeler
Summary: In this article, a hybrid active modulation approach is proposed to tackle the challenges faced by conventional pulsewidth modulation (PWM) strategies in the aircraft electric starter/generator system. The proposed approach includes coordinate-based PWM for startup process and enhanced carrier-based virtual-space-vector modulation technique for generation mode. Bias-offset injection in the time and voltage domain is used to maintain balanced capacitor voltages. Simulation and experimental results obtained from a test rig validate the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hafsa Qamar, Haleema Qamar, Rajapandian Ayyanar
Summary: This article discusses a low-loss PWM method that reduces common mode voltage and switching loss while maintaining similar harmonic distortion levels. Experimental results validate the superior performance of this method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Alejandro G. Yepes, Jesus Doval-Gandoy
Summary: This article proposes an adaptive OVM method for five-phase induction motors that modifies the injected components to favor low-order x-y harmonics, avoiding overcurrent and reducing stator copper losses.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alejandro G. Yepes, Jesus Doval-Gandoy
Summary: This study introduces a control strategy that combines filters with carrier-based PWM method to achieve high DC-link utilization in drives while reducing the impact of torque ripple. The simplicity and adaptability of this method to both symmetrical and asymmetrical winding arrangements are verified. Compared with traditional PWM methods, this approach demonstrates excellent performance in improving DC-link utilization and reducing distortion.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luis A. M. Barros, Antonio P. Martins, Jose Gabriel Pinto
Summary: This paper presents a critical and comparative analysis of the state-of-the-art aspects of the modular multilevel converter (MLC) concept. Different power electronics converter topologies and modulation techniques are discussed and evaluated using computational simulations. The results provide insights into the symmetry of waveforms, harmonic content, and power distribution in the MLC.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Martin Medina-Sanchez, Alejandro G. Yepes, Oscar Lopez, Ayman Samy Abdel-Khalik, Jesus Doval-Gandoy
Summary: Multiphase machines have significant advantages over their three-phase counterparts, one of which is the ability to utilize the dc-link voltage by injecting non-torque-related voltage harmonics in the xy planes. This article proposes an overmodulation strategy for symmetrical induction motor drives with any odd phase number, achieving minimum voltage distortion and lower current distortion compared to existing techniques.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Alejandro G. Yepes, Jesus Doval-Gandoy, Hamid A. Toliyat
Summary: Multiphase drives offer advantages over three-phase drives, but x-y currents may be too large. Using square waveform and filters are proposed to achieve high dc-link utilization. Experimental results verify the proposal.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Endika Robles, Markel Fernandez, Jon Andreu, Edorta Ibarra, Jordi Zaragoza, Unai Ugalde
Summary: This study focuses on the potential of multiphase electric motor drive systems for reducing common-mode voltage (CMV) and provides a comprehensive review of recent scientific literature on this topic. The study presents different multiphase technologies and modulation techniques, highlighting their effectiveness in reducing CMV. The findings confirm that multiphase systems have the potential to substitute conventional three-phase motor drives and help in the design and development of high-performance electric drives.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Baolin Jia, Wei Xie
Summary: This study proposes an improved seven-phase SVPWM algorithm based on the virtual voltage vector method to weaken the common-mode voltage (CMV) and reduce harmonic currents, aiming to reduce computational complexity.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Osvaldo Gonzalez, Magno Ayala, Carlos Romero, Larizza Delorme, Jorge Rodas, Raul Gregor, Ignacio Gonzalez-Prieto, Mario J. Duran
Summary: This article proposes a modulated MPCC control strategy with virtual vectors and space vector modulation for regulating an asymmetrical six-phase induction machine. The strategy aims to improve stator current tracking, reduce harmonic content, and minimize x-y currents compared to other MPCC versions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Angel Gonzalez-Prieto, Ignacio Gonzalez-Prieto, Mario J. Duran, Juan J. Aciego
Summary: Speed variable electric drives are crucial for the development of electrical mobility, with their dynamic performance being a key consideration for safety. This study proposes a comparative analysis of different regulation strategies for a six-phase electric drive, analyzing the responses of speed, current, and voltage to gain an overall understanding of system performance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruifeng Zhang, Zhonggang Yin, Zhejun Zhan, Senlin Yu
Summary: This study proposes a robust current control method for high-power direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control system based on internal model control (IMC) and hybrid pulse width modulation (PWM) to address the performance degradation caused by cross-coupling and low switching frequency. The method is applied to the control of a MW-level direct-drive PMSM in electric locomotive traction system.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Angel Gonzalez-Prieto, Ignacio Gonzalez-Prieto, Alejandro G. Yepes, Mario J. Duran, Jesus Doval-Gandoy
Summary: Multiphase electric drives offer attractive advantages, especially for symmetrical configurations with an even number of phases, which can generate α-β voltages without contributing to other x-y subspaces. Direct controllers can benefit from this characteristic by exclusively selecting voltage states with only α-β voltage production. This article proposes a finite-control-set model predictive control approach using these special voltage states for symmetrical six-phase electric drives, providing simplicity and less current distortion compared to the asymmetrical configuration.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
B. Prathap Reddy, Atif Iqbal, Syed Rahman, Mohammad Meraj, Sivakumar Keerthipati
Summary: This article focuses on the modeling and control of pole-phase modulation-based induction motor (PPMIM) drives, addressing the issue of transient currents exceeding rated currents. By implementing mathematical modeling and control strategies, smoother operation is achieved in all possible pole-phase combinations.
IEEE JOURNAL OF EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Iker Aretxabaleta, Inigo Martinez de Alegria, Jose Ignacio Garate, Unai Ugalde, Jose Luis Martin
Summary: This paper proposes a solution for safely paralleling discrete SiC MOSFETs while decoupling the gate and power layout designs. By placing a BJT-based fast current amplifier as close as possible to each MOSFET, the noise in the received gating signals is reduced and the sensitivity of driver-gate path geometric/electric mismatches is decreased. This allows for safely relaxing the symmetry requirements for the gating circuitry, providing more freedom for achieving better symmetry in the power layout.
IET POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Edorta Ibarra, Antoni Arias, Inigo Martinez de Alegria, A. Otero-Olavarrieta, Louis de Mallac
Summary: This article introduces a major upgrade in the Large Hardon Collider (LHC) at CERN. By using new superconducting inner triplet (IT) magnets and a multistage power supply, the focusing effect of particle beams is greatly improved, and the proposal has been experimentally validated.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Endika Robles, Asier Matallana, Iker Aretxabaleta, Jon Andreu, Markel Fernandez, Jose Luis Martin
Summary: This paper summarizes the main characteristics of power inverters, reviews the global overview of Si, SiC, and GaN power semiconductor technologies, and their degree of use in electric vehicle powertrains. The paper also discusses the trends in semiconductor technology and next-generation inverters, such as the use of 800V battery systems and increased switching frequencies. Furthermore, the internal structure and characteristics of power modules, as well as reliability issues, are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Andres Sierra-Gonzalez, Paolo Pescetto, Fernando Alvarez-Gonzalez, Borja Heriz, Elena Trancho, Hannes Lacher, Edorta Ibarra, Gianmario Pellegrino
Summary: This study considers the utilization of a symmetrical six-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous machine drive to make up an electric vehicle propulsion system, providing fast charging capabilities through a cascaded dc-link configuration. A novel control approach is proposed to deal with the non-linearities of the machine and accurately set the torque and speed range. The proposal is experimentally validated in a full-scale electric drive prototype and tested in a laboratory and under real driving cycle conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Markel Fernandez, Endika Robles, Iker Aretxabaleta, Inigo Kortabarria, Jon Andreu, Jose Luis Martin
Summary: Neutral point voltage control converters (NPVCC) are being considered for AC drive applications, and a three-dimensional reduced common mode voltage PWM (3D RCMV-PWM) technique is proposed to effectively reduce CMV in five-phase six-leg NPVCCs. The mathematical description, simulation, and experimental analysis validate the capability of CMV reduction in addition to the good behavior in terms of efficiency and harmonic distortion.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ander DeMarcos, Endika Robles, Unai Ugalde, Inigo Martinez de Alegria, Jon Andreu
Summary: This work focuses on reducing the impact of the widely used DZSI PWM techniques on the bulky and failure-prone DC-Link capacitor in an ADTP arrangement. By using the double Fourier integral formalism, the input current spectra and the overall performance of these PWM techniques have been derived, and simulations have shown significant reductions in current and voltage stresses on the DC-Link capacitor. These findings enhance the reliability and reduce the size of onboard capacitors in future electric vehicles.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Markel Fernandez, Endika Robles, Iker Aretxabaleta, Inigo Kortabarria, Jose Luis Martin
Summary: This paper proposes a discontinuous pulse-width modulation algorithm (HD-PWM) to improve motor performance under a single open-circuit fault condition in five-phase inverters. The main objective of the HD-PWM algorithm is to balance power loss between the remaining switches after a fault occurs and prevent future faults. The efficiency and harmonic distortion of the proposed technique are compared to sinusoidal PWM through simulation and experimentation under open-circuit fault conditions, showing a significant performance improvement.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Paolo Pescetto, Andres Sierra-Gonzalez, Fernando Alvarez-Gonzalez, Hansjorg Kapeller, Elena Trancho, Gianmario Pellegrino
Summary: Modern electric vehicles often use a DC/DC converter to increase the supply voltage and improve efficiency. This study proposes a novel control algorithm to adjust the DC-link voltage during vehicle operation, maximizing the efficiency of the converter and inverter without impacting motor control. The algorithm is independent of motor parameters and can be applied to various applications. Validation is done using a 135 kW 6-phase traction motor drive.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Eneko Otaola, Befiat Arteta, Joshue Perez, Andres Sierra-Gonzalez, Pablo Prieto
Summary: This study presents a digital twin platform for analyzing heavy-duty vehicle aerodynamic designs and powertrain topologies. The platform offers a modular analysis tool for heavy-duty vehicles and the possibility to introduce customized control strategies for hybrid-electric vehicles. The components of the platform were validated against a commercial tool, ensuring its reliability and accuracy.
2023 IEEE 97TH VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, VTC2023-SPRING
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eneko Otaola, Benat Arteta, Joshue Perez, Andres Sierra-Gonzalez, Pablo Prieto
Summary: This paper presents a simulation platform for heavy-duty vehicles, which allows the evaluation of different powertrain topologies in terms of performance and fuel consumption. The platform, implemented based on a forward-looking formulation, can analyze the impact of hybrid and electric powertrains. The effectiveness of the platform in combustion powertrain analysis is verified through comparison with a commercial tool.
2023 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE & EXPO, ITEC
(2023)
