Journal
DRUG DELIVERY
Volume 27, Issue 1, Pages 422-430Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1736209
Keywords
Chemotherapeutic agents; A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells; Ehrlich ascites carcinoma; essential oils; nanocarrier
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Funding
- Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah [DF-692-165-1441]
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Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapeutic agent, has limited clinical applications due to its pulmonary and neurotoxicity. The antineoplastic activity of MTX-NE COCO, which is MTX formulated in coconut oil nanoemulsion (NE), was evaluated in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells while its adverse side effects on the oxidative stress of the lung and brain were assessed in mice. The z-average diameter for the dispersed nanodroplet of MTX-NE COCO (79.74 +/- 3.49 nm) was considerably greater than the free-NE COCO (64.80 +/- 3.34 nm). In contrast, the magnitude of the negative z-potential of MTX-NE COCO (3.00 +/- 0.69 mV) was markedly less than that of free-NE COCO (8.20 +/- 0.76 mV). The minimum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of MTX-NE COCO (18 +/- 1.8 mu M) was less than the IC50 of free MTX (32 +/- 1.2 mu M) by around twofold. The in vivo evaluation of the MTX-NE COCO treatment revealed that the antioxidant enzymes activities of the brain and lung tissues, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase, were relatively raised while the malondialdehyde amount was diminished when compared to the free MTX treatment. In conclusion, combining MTX with coconut oil in a NE had improved its efficacy while ameliorating its oxidative stress effect on the brain and lungs.
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