Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elif Tunc-Ozcan, Sarah M. Brooker, Jacqueline A. Bonds, Yung-Hsu Tsai, Radhika Rawat, Tammy L. McGuire, Chian-Yu Peng, John A. Kessler
Summary: Hippocampal BMP signaling is identified as a common pathway mediating the behavioral effects of multiple antidepressant classes and electroconvulsive therapy. Inhibition of hippocampal BMP signaling is shown to be both necessary and sufficient to mediate the effects of these treatments, involving a key role in neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shaoyi Fang, Zhibin Wu, Yali Guo, Wenjun Zhu, Chunmiao Wan, Naijun Yuan, Jianbei Chen, Wenzhi Hao, Xiaowei Mo, Xiaofang Guo, Lili Fan, Xiaojuan Li, Jiaxu Chen
Summary: This review explores the roles of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and microglia in the etiology of depression, and discusses the mechanisms by which microglia regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and potential drugs for improving neurogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jose Erik Alvarez-Contino, Estela Diaz-Sanchez, Marina Mirchandani-Duque, Jose Andres Sanchez-Perez, Miguel A. Barbancho, Alexander Lopez-Salas, Natalia Garcia-Casares, Kjell Fuxe, Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela, Manuel Narvaez
Summary: This study found that intranasal infusion of GALR2 and Y1R agonists promotes neuroblast proliferation and induces the expression of the neurotrophic factor BDNF in the ventral hippocampus, resulting in antidepressant effects. These effects may be mediated by increased formation of Y1R-GALR2 heteroreceptor complexes. These findings may provide a new approach for the development of novel therapies for major depressive disorder.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Shi-Yu Shen, Rui Yu, Wei Li, Ling-Feng Liang, Qiu-Qin Han, Hui-Jie Huang, Bing Li, Shi-Fen Xu, Gen-Cheng Wu, Yu-Qiu Zhang, Jin Yu
Summary: This study investigated the potential role of GPR55 in depression and found that the protein level of GPR55 decreased in an animal model of depression. Depression was also associated with neuroinflammation and impaired neurogenesis. Activation and upregulation of GPR55 showed potential as a treatment for depression, while downregulation of GPR55 may mediate depression-like behaviors.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Elena P. Moreno-Jimenez, Julia Terreros-Roncal, Miguel Flor-Garcia, Alberto Rabano, Maria Llorens-Martin
Summary: The rodent hippocampus generates new neurons throughout life, but direct evidence of adult neurogenesis in humans remains elusive. Research indicates that adult hippocampal neurogenesis may persist until the 10th decade of human life, with marked impairments in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methodological aspects in processing and analyzing postmortem human brain samples may limit the detection of markers of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, highlighting the need for strict controls in human studies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maggie A. Khuu, Thara Nallamothu, Carolina I. Castro-Rivera, Alejandra Arias-Cavieres, Caroline C. Szujewski, Alfredo J. Garcia
Summary: Sleep apnea affects over one billion adults worldwide and has detrimental effects on brain health. Rodents exposed to intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark of sleep apnea, show spatial memory deficits and altered hippocampal neurophysiology. The study demonstrates that intermittent hypoxia affects adult neurogenesis by reducing neural progenitor pool and suppressing terminal differentiation of adult born neurons.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wansu Qiu, Kimberly A. Go, Yanhua Wen, Paula Duarte-Guterman, Rand S. Eid, Liisa A. M. Galea
Summary: Untreated perinatal depression can have severe consequences for the mother and her children, with the efficacy and safety of pharmacological antidepressants questioned. Maternal SSRI exposure may impact the neuroinflammatory profile of adult offspring, and perinatal SSRI exposure has been linked to increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in children. Further research on oxytocin as a treatment for ASD and TriozanTM as a method of crossing the blood-brain barrier is ongoing.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Marco Carli, Stefano Aringhieri, Shivakumar Kolachalam, Biancamaria Longoni, Giovanna Grenno, Mario Rossi, Angelo Gemignani, Francesco Fornai, Roberto Maggio, Marco Scarselli
Summary: Adult neurogenesis refers to the generation of newborn neurons from neural stem cells in the adult brain, mainly occurring in limited areas such as the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus in mammals. In animal models, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is associated with pattern discrimination, cognitive flexibility, emotional processing, and resilience to stress, while evidence for this process in humans is more challenging. Research suggests that adult neurogenesis persists through adulthood but declines with age, and its role in human brain function and integration into existing hippocampal circuitry is a topic of ongoing debate.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bingfang Zhang, Lei Wang, Aisheng Zhan, Min Wang, Lanxiang Tian, Weixiang Guo, Yongxin Pan
Summary: Exposure to a hypomagnetic field (HMF) influences the cognitive processes of various animals, from insects to human beings. The authors show that in mice exposed to HMF, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent learning are impaired and could be rescued by restoring ROS levels.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Zhang, Chi Xu
Summary: This review introduces the synthesis and secretion mechanism of exosomes, discusses their relationship with hippocampal neurogenesis, mood and cognition, and psychiatric disorders. It also explores their roles in regulating depression, epilepsy, and schizophrenia, as well as their prospects in diagnosing CNS disorders.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abigail C. Toltin, Abdelmadjid Belkadi, Laura M. Gamba, Muhammad M. Hossain
Summary: This study reveals the mechanism by which pesticide exposure to deltamethrin triggers ER stress-mediated suppression of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, potentially leading to learning and memory deficits in mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sebastian Dohm-Hansen, Francisco Donoso, Paul J. Lucassen, Gerard Clarke, Yvonne M. Nolan
Summary: This article discusses the potential role of the gut microbiome in connecting the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and hippocampal neurogenesis. Mechanisms associated with neuronal excitability, neuroinflammation, and gut microbial metabolites are highlighted as potential links between the gut microbiota and TLE.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Wang, Changyong Tang, Ruxiao Xing, Xuezhao Liu, Xiu Han, Yinghao Liu, Lei Wang, Chonglin Yang, Weixiang Guo
Summary: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, crucial for hippocampal function, is regulated by the gene WDR81, mutations of which are linked to neurological disorders. Ablation of WDR81 in adult neural progenitor cells decreases neurogenesis by suppressing endosomal PtdIns3P synthesis. The defective neurogenesis in WDR81-deficient mice can be ameliorated by inhibiting PI3K-III activity or suppressing SARA-dependent TGF beta signaling.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Orsolya Folsz, Stephanie Trouche, Vincent Croset
Summary: Although most neurons are generated embryonically, neurogenesis continues at low rates in certain brain areas throughout adulthood, such as the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus play a role in pattern separation and the encoding of episodic-like memories. They compete with mature neurons for input and output and regulate hippocampal activity. These neurons exhibit transient hyperexcitability and hyperplasticity during maturation, contributing to their recruitment by experiences. They support pattern separation during encoding and aid in the degradation of old connections, promoting generalization and preventing interference.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
