Article
Environmental Sciences
Joanna Buckee, Yasha Hetzel, William Edge, Jennifer Verduin, Chari Pattiaratchi
Summary: Sea level has a significant impact on the intertidal zone, where organisms are exposed to atmospheric stressors at different times and frequencies. The timing of low water is crucial for the survival and growth of intertidal organisms, especially when they are emersed. Using shallow coral reefs as an example, this study investigates the coincidence of emersion with selected stressors in different locations along the Australian coastline. The results show that the timing of low water and emersion mortality risk varies seasonally and regionally, with a higher risk during the Austral spring. The study also highlights the importance of considering emersion history in assessing intertidal environments, particularly shallow coral reef habitats.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thanh Le, Kyung-Ja Ha, Deg-Hyo Bae
Summary: The study examines the causal influences of ENSO on future runoff from 2015 to 2100 using outputs from different model simulations. Results show significant impacts of ENSO on total runoff across various regions globally, especially in Asia, Australia, North America, and South America. Future projections indicate higher impacts of ENSO on total runoff in certain regions compared to historical period, with an increase in land area affected by ENSO.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jing Li, Eric Garshick, Shaodan Huang, Petros Koutrakis
Summary: This study investigates the influence of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on surface dust levels in different regions. Results show that dust concentrations are positively related with SOI, with stronger associations in North Africa and the Middle East. La Nina episodes are associated with increased dust concentrations, while El Nino events are associated with decreased dust concentrations in regions with high dust pollution.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Jia, Wenju Cai, Bolan Gan, Lixin Wu, Emanuele Di Lorenzo
Summary: Research suggests that under high-emissions warming scenarios, the North Pacific Meridional Mode (NPMM) strengthens its impact on El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), leading to increased frequency of extreme ENSO events and improved predictability.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anbao Zhu, Haiming Xu, Jiechun Deng, Jing Ma, Shuhui Li
Summary: The El Nino-Southern Oscillation has a significant impact on spring aerosols over mainland South East Asia, southern China, and the ocean south of Japan. The ENSO affects aerosols in East Asia mainly through modulation of upstream aerosol generation and transport processes. The physical mechanism involves changes in air moisture and precipitation leading to variations in biomass burning activities and carbonaceous aerosol emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jae-Heung Park, Mi-Kyung Sung, Young-Min Yang, Jiuwei Zhao, Soon-Il An, Jong-Seong Kug
Summary: The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) plays a role in triggering El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) through the seasonal footprinting mechanism (SFM). The efficiency of SFM varies among models and depends on the background mean state of the model. Greater intensification of the northern branch of the Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) leads to stronger SFM efficiency and better triggers ENSO events.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Geology
Tara R. Clark, George Roff, Tess Chapman, Hannah Markham-Summers, Nicholas M. Hammerman, Faye Liu, Yuexing Feng, John M. Pandolfi, Jian-xin Zhao
Summary: The overall status of many reefs in the Great Barrier Reef is uncertain due to the lack of detailed broad-scale studies. The relative role of various threats in impacting individual reefs is generally unclear. A novel approach using uranium-thorium dating of dead corals was adopted to reconstruct historical disturbance events at Rib and Davies Reefs, providing a reliable benchmark to assess recovery and monitor coral communities effectively.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thanh Le, Seon-Ho Kim, Deg-Hyo Bae
Summary: Climate change affects the composition and structure of ecosystems and wildfires result in significant economic costs. This study evaluates the impact of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on future fire activities using model outputs and finds that ENSO has a strong influence on fires in tropical and subtropical regions. The results also show a high consistency between models for the impacted regions. Furthermore, it is observed that ENSO's impact on global fire activities might decrease in future projections compared to the historical period.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Clara Lei Xin Yong, Rosa Celia Poquita-Du, Danwei Huang, Peter Alan Todd
Summary: The study found that the intertidal coral Dipsastraea cf. lizardensis has the ability to cope with harsh conditions associated with emersion, making it a promising candidate for transplantation onto intertidal seawalls. However, there are differences in stress responses among genotypes of the coral species, which should be considered when selecting donor colonies for transplantation.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thanh Le, Deg-Hyo Bae
Summary: This study assessed the causal effects of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global soil moisture using CMIP6 models and found that it is likely to have impacts on soil moisture in various regions. The consistency of ENSO's causal impacts differs among regions, with lower consistency in Southeast Asia and higher consensus in eastern Africa, western Asia, Australia, south central North America, and South America. Additionally, the results suggest an expansion in the spatial influences of ENSO on regional soil moisture in the future compared to the historical period.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianjie Feng, Yun Qiu, Changming Dong, Xutao Ni, Wenshu Lin, Hui Teng, Aijun Pan
Summary: The study reveals the interannual variability in the southern Bay of Bengal cold pool (SCP) and its relationship with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The warming (cooling) anomaly of the SCP is induced by El Nino (La Nina) and is influenced by the southwest monsoon current (SMC) and atmospheric heating. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regional climate fluctuation in the Bay of Bengal.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Panagiotis Kaklamanos, Nikola Popovic
Summary: This study examines the three-timescale dynamics of a model that represents the ENSO phenomenon. The authors uncover the geometric mechanisms responsible for complex oscillatory dynamics in this regime, including mixed-mode oscillation and relaxation oscillation. They also demonstrate the relevance of these mechanisms to models in other fields of ecological and population dynamics.
PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fei-Fei Jin
Summary: The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, characterized by large-scale sea surface temperature anomalies, is a major driver of global climate patterns and weather activities. ENSO exhibits remarkable spatiotemporal pattern diversity and has significant impacts on the environment, ecology, economy, and society. While the basic dynamics of ENSO are well understood, the mechanisms explaining the key features of ENSO associated with Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific events remain to be better understood.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minghong Liu, Hong-Li Ren, Run Wang, Jieru Ma, Xin Mao
Summary: This study investigates the distinct impacts of Eastern Pacific (EP) and Central Pacific (CP) El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Tibetan Plateau (TP) summer precipitation. The results show that EP El Nino and CP La Nina have opposite effects on summer precipitation in the southwestern TP, with significant decreases and increases respectively, while CP El Nino causes significant decreases in central-eastern TP. This study may deepen our understanding of ENSO impacts on TP summer precipitation and have implications for regional climate predictions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thanh Le, Kyung-Ja Ha, Deg-Hyo Bae
Summary: The study examines the causal effects of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the global carbon cycle, showing significant impact on terrestrial carbon fluxes and storage in various regions. The influence of ENSO on carbon cycling in subtropics and high-latitude regions may be more significant than previously understood. Moreover, there is a stronger response of seasonal carbon stocks to ENSO compared to seasonal carbon fluxes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Phillipa Wilson, Michele Thums, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Scott Whiting, Mark Meekan, Kellie Pendoley
Summary: The study found that despite lacking an oceanic development stage, flatback turtle hatchlings are still able to use wave cues for orientation. Acceleration generated by waves may be a key characteristic that drives hatchling bearings towards the oncoming wave direction.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gustavo Lauton, Charitha Bandula Pattiaratchi, Carlos A. D. Lentini
Summary: The study investigated the shoreward propagating semidiurnal internal tides on the Australian North West Shelf, categorizing events into pre- and post-wave breaking, with a transition marked by nonlinear steepening and reduction in dispersion. The observations highlighted the importance of nonlinear internal wave effects on the NWS throughout the year.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
I Janekovic, M. D. Rayson, N. L. Jones, P. Watson, C. Pattiaratchi
Summary: This study used a Four-Dimensional Variational (4D-Var) data assimilation method to improve estimates of internal ocean dynamics between Australia and Indonesia, using only remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) data observations. The results showed that assimilation of SST data reduced errors and biases in surface temperature, as well as improved estimates of through-water-column variables. The improvements were most significant in the top 100 m depth.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Dianne L. McLean, Luciana C. Ferreira, Jessica A. Benthuysen, Karen J. Miller, Marie-Lise Schlappy, Matthew J. Ajemian, Oliver Berry, Silvana N. R. Birchenough, Todd Bond, Fabio Boschetti, Ann S. Bull, Jeremy T. Claisse, Scott A. Condie, Pierpaolo Consoli, Joop W. P. Coolen, Michael Elliott, Irene S. Fortune, Ashley M. Fowler, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Hugo B. Harrison, Kristen M. Hart, Lea-Anne Henry, Chad L. Hewitt, Natalie Hicks, Karlo Hock, Kieran Hyder, Milton Love, Peter I. Macreadie, Robert J. Miller, William A. Montevecchi, Mary M. Nishimoto, Henry M. Page, David M. Paterson, Charitha B. Pattiaratchi, Gretta T. Pecl, Joanne S. Porter, David B. Reeves, Cynthia Riginos, Sally Rouse, Debbie J. F. Russell, Craig D. H. Sherman, Jonas Teilmann, Victoria L. G. Todd, Eric A. Treml, David H. Williamson, Michele Thums
Summary: Offshore oil and gas infrastructure has an impact on ecological connectivity in marine habitats, particularly for larvae and mobile animals. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on the specific effects of oil and gas structures on ecological connectivity, which requires further research. When decommissioning oil and gas infrastructure, it is important to consider the impact on species survival, movement, and distribution.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Phillipa Wilson, Kellie Pendoley, Scott Whiting, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Mark Meekan, Michele Thums
Summary: LED lights have been found to disrupt the early dispersal of marine turtle hatchlings, especially at high light intensities. However, at lower intensities, LED lights did not affect the bearing of hatchlings. The study also found higher predation rates at high light intensity, but only on one experimental night at lower light intensities. The speed and time spent in the tracking area by hatchlings did not show a clear relationship with light intensity.
MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Farhana Kayed, Sarik Salim, Jennifer J. Verduin, Navid R. Moheimani
Summary: This study conducted outdoor experiments on microalgae mixing and growth, and found that turbulent bursting events significantly contributed to microalgae mixing. The mixing effects of jet and paddlewheel-driven ponds were similar.
Article
Ecology
Poh Heng Kok, Sarath Wijeratne, Mohd Fadzil Akhir, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Jing Xiang Chung, Nur Hidayah Roseli, Nurul Rabitah Daud
Summary: This study investigated the driving processes of upwelling along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. During the southwest monsoon, upwelling signals were observed, and it was found that wind-driven upwelling processes of Ekman transport were more essential in causing upwelling in this region than wind stress curl. The study also revealed a new finding that the elimination of tides resulted in enhanced upwelling due to the increased density gradient.
REGIONAL STUDIES IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joanna Buckee, Yasha Hetzel, William Edge, Jennifer Verduin, Chari Pattiaratchi
Summary: Sea level has a significant impact on the intertidal zone, where organisms are exposed to atmospheric stressors at different times and frequencies. The timing of low water is crucial for the survival and growth of intertidal organisms, especially when they are emersed. Using shallow coral reefs as an example, this study investigates the coincidence of emersion with selected stressors in different locations along the Australian coastline. The results show that the timing of low water and emersion mortality risk varies seasonally and regionally, with a higher risk during the Austral spring. The study also highlights the importance of considering emersion history in assessing intertidal environments, particularly shallow coral reef habitats.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. B. Pattiaratchi, E. M. S. Wijeratne, A. de Vos
Summary: This overview explores the surface circulation and coastal upwelling in the waters around Sri Lanka, particularly along the southern coast. The results confirm the presence of reversing current system in response to changing wind fields, with the southwest and northeast monsoons causing eastward and westward flowing currents respectively. The major upwelling region is located along the south coast and the location of the upwelling centre depends on the relative strengths of wind driven flow along the east and west coasts.
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF SRI LANKA
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jessica Kolbusz, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Sarath Wijeratne, Tim Langlois, Simon de Lestang
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of ocean current movements on spiny lobsters, specifically the Western rock lobster. The research findings suggest that changes in ocean circulation patterns have influenced the settlement of lobster larvae, leading to a decrease in recruits into the fishery. Larval dispersal modeling provides a possible explanation for these changes and has implications for future considerations.
MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oceanography
Julie A. Trotter, Marco Taviani, Federica Foglini, Aleksey Sadekov, Grzegorz Skrzypek, Claudio Mazzoli, Alessandro Remia, Nadia Santodomingo, Giorgio Castellan, Malcolm McCulloch, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Paolo Montagna
Summary: This study presents the first deep-sea remotely operated vehicle exploration of previously unexplored submarine canyon systems along the southwest Australian continental margin. The study provides new information about these canyons, their unique characteristics, and the diverse ecosystems found within them.
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Gary A. Kendrick, Marion L. Cambridge, Robert J. Orth, Matthew W. Fraser, Renae K. Hovey, John Statton, Charitha B. Pattiaratchi, Elizabeth A. Sinclair
Summary: Understanding sexual reproduction and recruitment is crucial for the conservation and restoration of seagrasses. This study collected data on flowering, seed production, and seedling establishment of the seagrass Posidonia australis for six years in meadows around Rottnest Island, Western Australia. The study found variable rates of flowering and seed production among meadows and years, with meadows on the northern shore consistently showing higher intensity of flowering and seed production. Factors such as clonal diversity, seed predation, and wind and surface currents during pollen and seed release were found to drive successful recruitment in established meadows.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Phillipa Wilson, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Scott Whiting, Luciana C. Ferreira, Sabrina Fossette, Kellie Pendoley, Michele Thums
Summary: The lack of data on the distribution of juvenile marine species limits conservation efforts. This study used an ocean circulation model to predict the dispersal of flatback turtle hatchlings in Western Australia and identified core areas of habitat use. The study found that the core areas were predominantly located on the continental shelf and were exposed to threats such as in-water artificial infrastructure and light pollution. These findings can assist in conservation management of these threatened species.
ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jessica Kolbusz, Tim Langlois, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Simon de Lestang
Summary: The dynamics of ocean boundary currents and associated shelf processes play a crucial role in influencing the water transport and settlement of marine organisms, such as the western rock lobster. Understanding the factors that led to recruitment failure and changes in settlement patterns is essential for effective fishery management. Factors such as offshore kinetic energy and the strength of the Leeuwin Current were found to be key factors influencing puerulus settlement.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Charitha Pattiaratchi, Mirjam van der Mheen, Cathleen Schlundt, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Appalanaidu Sura, Sara Hajbane, Rachel White, Nimit Kumar, Michelle Fernandes, Sarath Wijeratne
Summary: Plastic debris is the most common and rapidly increasing human pollutant in the world's oceans. While the distribution and impact of plastic in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans have been extensively studied, there is limited understanding of the Indian Ocean. This review discusses the sources and sinks of plastic specific to the Indian Ocean, as well as the unique atmospheric, oceanographic, and topographic factors that influence plastic distribution. It also identifies hotspots of plastic accumulation in the Indian Ocean, highlighting the differences between the northern and southern hemispheres. However, there are significant knowledge gaps regarding plastic in the Indian Ocean, and further research is needed to address these gaps.
