Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alessandro Spadari, Rodolfo Gialletti, Marco Gandini, Emanuela Valle, Anna Cerullo, Damiano Cavallini, Alice Bertoletti, Riccardo Rinnovati, Giulia Forni, Nicola Scilimati, Gessica Giusto
Summary: Colic surgery carries a high risk of death compared to other procedures, and postoperative complications can have significant welfare and economic consequences. Predictive prognosis indices, incidence of complications, and survival rates may vary in different geographical areas. This study aimed to investigate the short-term survival and factors influencing the outcome of horses undergoing colic surgery in Italy. The results can help surgeons choose appropriate treatment and inform owners about the prognosis of colic surgery.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Patricia Ruiz-Lopez, Charlotte Cuypers, Stijn Schauvliege
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the effects of adding xylazine infusion to anesthesia maintenance in horses undergoing colic surgery. The results showed that the group receiving xylazine infusion had lower heart rate, hematocrit, ketamine requirements, and shorter days to discharge compared to the group without xylazine infusion. However, the time to sternal recumbency and time to first attempt were longer in the xylazine group. Xylazine infusion may provide stable anesthesia and faster recovery in colic patients.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Luisa Viterbo, Jodie Hughes, Peter I. Milner, David Bardell
Summary: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of arterial blood analysis in conscious horses with colic. Significant differences were found between colic cases and healthy reference values, as well as between different types of colic, surgical and non-surgical cases, and surviving and non-surviving animals. Regression models were developed to predict the likelihood of surgical management and survival to hospital discharge.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Thomas van Bergen, Peter Wiemer, Ann Martens
Summary: Intestinal epiploic foramen entrapment is an important differential diagnosis in horses with colic, but outcomes are disappointing. Despite risk factors, the recurrence rate of EFE is low, likely due to spontaneous closure of the EF in some cases after surgery.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Molly E. Patton, Frank M. Andrews, Sophie H. Bogers, David Wong, Harold C. McKenzie III, Stephen R. Werre, Christopher R. Byron
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether bit chewing can shorten the gastric emptying time (GET), small intestinal transit time (SITT), and total orocecal transit time (OCTT) in clinically normal horses. The results indicate that bit chewing significantly decreases OCTT, but has minimal effects on GET and SITT. Bit chewing may be a safe, inexpensive, and effective clinical treatment to improve small intestinal motility in horses.
Article
Surgery
Hyunseok Jang, Sangyun An, Naa Lee, Euisung Jeong, Yunchul Park, Jungchul Kim, Younggoun Jo
Summary: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the incidence of early postoperative small bowel obstruction (EPSBO) and the date of tolerance to solid food and defecation (SF + D) in patients with blunt bowel and/or mesenteric injury (BBMI). The results showed that mesenteric injury had a greater impact on EPSBO than small bowel injury. Factors such as the amount of crystalloid infused and transfused blood components, time of drain removal, injury severity score, and extremity AIS score were related to the postoperative day of tolerance to SF + D.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ueli Braun, Christian Gerspach, Sandra Loss, Monika Hilbe, Karl Nuss
Summary: Intestinal strangulation is a serious condition in cows that causes intestinal obstruction. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonographic findings of 60 cows with intestinal strangulation. The most common symptoms were abnormal general condition, signs of pain, and signs of colic. Laboratory findings showed hypokalaemia, haemoconcentration, and acidosis. Ultrasonographic examinations revealed reduced or absent small intestinal motility and dilated small intestines. Laparotomy was the primary treatment for resolving the strangulation. The prognosis was good with prompt surgical intervention.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sabita Diana Stoeckle, Dania A. Kannapin, Anne M. L. Kauter, Antina Luebke-Becker, Birgit Walther, Roswitha Merle, Heidrun Gehlen
Summary: This study compared a single-shot to a 5-day lasting perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) in equine colic surgery and found no significant difference in postoperative adverse events between the two regimens. Single-shot PAP may be an alternative approach to the commonly used 5-day protocol in equine abdominal surgery. Proper hygiene management and close clinical monitoring are still essential.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anna Marei Grages, Nicole Verhaar, Christiane Pfarrer, Gerhard Breves, Marion Burmester, Stephan Neudeck, Sabine Kastner
Summary: This study compared two experimental models, low flow and no flow, to characterize the development of intestinal injury in horses. The results showed that the no flow model produced more consistent intestinal damage compared to the low flow model.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Etienne Buscail, Celine Deraison
Summary: Postoperative ileus is a common complication after abdominal surgery, which can have serious consequences. Advances in peri-operative management have been made, but the rate of prolonged postoperative ileus remains high. The pathophysiology of postoperative ileus involves an early neurological phase, a later inflammatory phase, and a pharmacological phase. This review article describes these phases and discusses current pharmacological treatments and potential research areas for targeting.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Holly L. Stewart, Dipti Pitta, Nagaraju Indugu, Bonnie Vecchiarelli, Meagan L. Hennessy, Julie B. Engiles, Louise L. Southwood
Summary: This study compared the faecal microbiota of horses with colic of different durations and lesion locations at hospital admission, day 1, and day 3/discharge. The results showed significant differences in bacterial community composition based on colic duration and lesion location. Additionally, differences in bacterial phyla and genera were observed at different time points and with different types of colic.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ki Bum Park, Hyung Jun Kwon, Ji Yun Jeong, Dong Won Baek, Seung Hyun Cho, An Na Seo
Summary: This article describes two cases of extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) of the small intestine presenting with ileus. Surgical resection and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasm. Surgical resection can be a good treatment option for EMPs of the small intestine, with close follow-up necessary.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elsa K. Ludwig, Kallie J. Hobbs, Caroline A. McKinney-Aguirre, Liara M. Gonzalez
Summary: Biomarkers are measurable substances that can identify ongoing injury or disease. Colic associated with intestinal ischemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in horses. Lactate, specifically the L isomer, is commonly used as a biomarker in colic evaluations. Although L-lactate is currently the most reliable marker for intestinal ischemia, further exploration of other biomarkers may improve outcomes for horses suffering from severe colic.
Article
Surgery
Skyler Brown, James McLoughlin, Andrew Russ, Mark Casillas, Jason Buehler, Robert E. Heidel, John R. Yates
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed patients undergoing colorectal surgery and found that the use of alvimopan and lidocaine significantly improved gastrointestinal recovery time and reduced length of hospital stay.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Alanna Farrell, Kevin Kersh, Rachel Liepman, Katarzyna A. Dembek
Summary: A colic survival scoring system was developed and validated in a study involving 67 horses with acute abdominal pain. The system showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting survival outcomes, indicating its potential clinical utility for equine practices.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
C. M. Isgren, S. E. Salem, N. B. Townsend, D. Timofte, T. W. Maddox, D. C. Archer
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2019)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
C. M. Isgren, S. E. Salem, E. R. Singer, C. E. Wylie, G. Lipreri, R. J. T. Y. Graham, B. Bladon, J. C. Boswell, A. R. Fiske-Jackson, T. S. Mair, L. M. Rubio-Martinez
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
J. Leng, G. Walton, J. Swann, A. Darby, R. La Ragione, C. Proudman
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hany Abdalla, Dennis N. Makau, Shebl E. Salem
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Hany Abdalla, Amanda M. de Mestre, Shebl E. Salem
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Shebl E. Salem, Amany M. Abd El-Ghany, Mohamed H. Hamad, Ahmed M. Abdelaal, Hussein A. Elsheikh, Alaa A. Hamid, Mohamed A. Saud, Simon P. Daniels, Refaat Ras
Summary: The prevalence of strongyle and Parascaris equorum infection is low in the studied working horse population in Egypt, with evidence showing no resistance to macrocyclic lactones or benzimidazole in strongyles. Anthelmintic treatment in the past year was associated with reduced likelihood of strongyle infection, while age and gender were factors associated with Parascaris equorum infection.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ozana M. Hritcu, Vanessa M. Schmidt, Shebl E. Salem, Iuliana E. Maciuca, Ramona F. Moraru, Irina Lipovan, Mihai Mares, Gheorghe Solcan, Dorina Timofte
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hany Abdalla, Shebl E. Salem, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Ayman A. Swelum
Summary: The study found that the amount of anechoic intrauterine fluid (IUF) and the size of the follicle at insemination did not affect the proportion of cows pregnant as a result of artificial insemination (AI). However, other factors were associated with the amount of IUF or follicle size.
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Joy Leng, Susan McNally, Gemma Walton, Jonathan Swann, Chris Proudman, Caroline Argo, Sue Emery, Roberto La Ragione, Robert Eustace
Summary: This study assessed the influence of long-term hay or haylage feeding on the microbiota and metabolomes of Welsh mountain ponies. Results showed significant differences in fecal bacterial community profiles and urinary metabolic profiles between the two feeding groups. The findings suggest that forage choice may have implications for the intestinal microbiota and metabolism of ponies, potentially affecting their health status.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jillian Maniego, Bogusia Pesko, Pamela Hincks, Polly Taylor, Graham Stewart, Christopher Proudman, James Scarth, Edward Ryder
Summary: The misuse of gene therapy as a doping agent in sports is a growing concern due to its potential negative impact on fair competition and welfare. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) can be used to detect doping events, with qPCR being particularly suitable for precise detection. This study investigates two alternative methods, ligation of sequence-ready adapters and qPCR assays with primers tailed with Illumina flow cell binding sites, for the direct assessment of qPCR products for five genes. Both methods successfully produce sequence data without further amplification, with ligated adapters being the preferred method as they do not require re-optimization of existing qPCR assays.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jillian Maniego, Bogusia Pesko, Jocelyn Habershon-Butcher, Pamela Hincks, Polly Taylor, Teruaki Tozaki, Aoi Ohnuma, Graham Stewart, Christopher Proudman, Edward Ryder
Summary: Gene editing and cloning techniques have potential applications in genetic disease correction and livestock production. However, there is concern about their potential misuse in sports. Recent advances in equine gene editing have led to the development of tools to detect prohibited use of the technology. One approach involves sequencing the mitochondrial genome to compare it with the registered dam's sequence. This study demonstrates the feasibility of whole-mitochondrial sequencing for screening purposes.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rachel Gilroy, Joy Leng, Anuradha Ravi, Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Aharon Oren, Dave Baker, Roberto M. La Ragione, Christopher Proudman, Mark J. Pallen
Summary: By using metagenomic sequencing on thoroughbred equine faecal samples, this study provides new insights into the bacterial, archaeal and bacteriophage components of the horse gut microbiome. The resulting datasets serve as an important resource for future high-resolution taxonomic and functional studies on the equine gut microbiome.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shebl E. Salem, Alannah Sinnott, Jessica M. Roach, Kristien L. P. Verheyen, Amanda M. de Mestre
Summary: This study used statistical modelling to identify risk factors for multiple pregnancies (MPs) in pregnant mares. The study found that multiple ovulations and the use of a drug that mimics prostaglandin F2 alpha to induce oestrus increased the risk of MPs, while mares that had a foal that same year, had a uterine cyst, or did not get pregnant on the first cycle they were bred on were at a decreased risk of having an MP. The study suggests that factors impacting the early embryonic environment have a greater influence on MPs compared to mare genetics.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shebl E. Salem, Amany M. Abd El-Ghany, Hussein A. Elsheikh, Enas M. Abdel-Ghany, Refaat Ras
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in working horses in Egypt and found a 28.7% infection rate. Factors such as age, sex, and strongyle burden were not associated with infection risk. However, further studies are needed to confirm the potential zoonotic risk of Cryptosporidium through genotyping.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shaimaa M. Gouda, Ahmed M. Abdelaal, Mohamed Gomaa, Magdy M. Elgioushy, Walid Refaai, Rebecca R. Mouncey, Shebl E. Salem
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED VETERINARY AND ANIMAL RESEARCH
(2020)