Article
Cell Biology
Claudia Grajeda-Iglesias, Sylvere Durand, Romain Daillere, Kristina Iribarren, Fabien Lemaitre, Lisa Derosa, Fanny Aprahamian, Noelie Bossut, Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan, Frank Madeo, Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer
Summary: The presence of Akkermansia muciniphila in the human gut is associated with good health and fitness. Mouse experimentation has demonstrated positive effects for Akk, including antiaging, antiobesity, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Akk has major effects on metabolism, increasing polyamines in the gut and liver, and pasteurized Akk was found to be more efficient in increasing various beneficial metabolites.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Qi Lin, Wei Chen, Ke Ma, Zhen-Zhen Liu, Yu Gao, Jian-Gang Zhang, Tao Wang, Yong-Jun Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates the anti-obesity effects of the gut commensal bacterium A. muciniphila and the potential of microcapsules containing A. muciniphila for obesity prevention.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Weiqi Xu, Yujie Huang, Sainan Tao, Wangting Zhou, Yujia Peng, Wei Dong, Xuhui Kan, Guijie Chen, Xiaoxiong Zeng, Zhonghua Liu
Summary: Theasinensin A (TSA) has been found to be non-toxic to healthy mice and can stimulate lipid metabolism, enhance resistance to obesity, and regulate the colonic microenvironment through modulating the intestinal microbiota.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nathalia Caroline de Oliveira Melo, Amanda Cuevas-Sierra, Laura Arellano-Garciac, Maria P. Portillo, Inaki Milton-Laskibar, J. Alfredo Martinez
Summary: The administration of L. rhamnosus GG, as probiotic or postbiotic, was found to be beneficial in attenuating weight gain and visceral fat deposition in rodents fed a high-fat high-fructose diet. Heat-inactivated L. rhamnosus GG increased the presence of certain beneficial species and attenuated metabolic markers altered by the obesogenic diet.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Won-Suk Song, Sung Gyu Shin, Sung-Hyun Jo, Jae-Seung Lee, Hyo-Jin Jeon, Ji-Eun Kwon, Ji-Hyeon Park, Sungwoo Cho, Jae Hyun Jeong, Byung-Gee Kim, Yun-Gon Kim
Summary: The study developed a device, MIMICS, to simulate the biological effects of Akkermansia muciniphila on human gut epithelial cells. The results showed that A. muciniphila activates glucose and lipid metabolism in gut epithelial cells, leading to an increase in ATP production.
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Riko Ishibashi, Rio Matsuhisa, Mio Nomoto, Seita Chudan, Miyu Nishikawa, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Shinichi Ikushiro, Yoshinori Nagai, Yukihiro Furusawa
Summary: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is commonly used for oral administration of hydrophobic agents, but little is known about its effects on gut commensal bacteria. In this study, the researchers found that administration of PEG400 and PEG4000 altered gut microbial diversity in a concentration-dependent manner. They also discovered that mice administered with 40% PEG had overrepresented bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and particularly Parabacteroides goldsteinii. Furthermore, oral administration of PEG400 improved obesity and adipose tissue inflammation induced by a high-fat diet.
Article
Cell Biology
Henry Wade, Kaichao Pan, Qihua Duan, Szczepan Kaluzny, Ekta Pandey, Linda Fatumoju, Viswanathan Saraswathi, Rongxue Wu, Edward N. Harris, Qiaozhu Su
Summary: This study uncovers a novel mechanism that links A. muciniphila and its membrane protein with host CREBH, IGF signaling, and miRNAs in mitigating intestinal inflammatory stress, gut barrier permeability, and promoting intestinal wound healing.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zheng-yi Bao, Hui-min Li, Shuo-bo Zhang, Yi-qiu Fei, Ming-fei Yao, Lan-juan Li
Summary: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) is a chronic disease caused by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right heart failure. A. muciniphila has been found to have therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disorders. This study explored the therapeutic effects of A. muciniphila on hypoxia-induced PH and the underlying mechanisms.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaodong Xu, Ke Zong, Xinxing Wang, Dongwei Dou, Pengwei Lv, Zhe Zhang, Hongwen Li
Summary: Aberrant expression of miR-30d in pancreatic cancer is associated with poor prognosis and early relapse of patients. The tumor suppressive effect of miR-30d is mediated through direct targeting of SOX4, leading to inhibition of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and repression of pancreatic cancer cell growth and metastasis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Huijuan Guo, Xinxu Liu, Ti Chen, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaojie Zhang
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome plays an important role in depression. A next-generation probiotic called Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) has beneficial effects on immune and metabolic homeostasis. AKK administration has been found to reduce depressive symptoms and increase sucrose preference in mice exposed to chronic alcohol and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). AKK implantation increases 5-HT levels and inhibits SERT expression in the gut, potentially altering the gut-to-brain signal through the suppression of enteric nerves activation.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liang Liang, Zheng Yang, Qian Deng, Yazhuo Jiang, Yongyi Cheng, Yi Sun, Lei Li
Summary: miR-30d-5p downregulation in renal cell carcinoma leads to overexpression of ATG5, inhibiting cell proliferation and autophagy while increasing apoptosis. This finding may provide a basis for the development of novel cancer therapeutics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuejing Zhang, Mubai Sun, Da Li, Xinyu Miao, Mei Hua, Ruiyue Sun, Ying Su, Yanping Chi, Jinghui Wang, Honghong Niu
Summary: Black rice anthocyanins (BRAs) have significant intervention and regulation effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and intestinal microbiota imbalance in T2DM rats, improving blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and liver injuries.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Takumi Yamamoto, Koki Nitta, Anri Nishinaka, Miruto Tanaka, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa, Hideaki Hara
Summary: NSP-116, a free radical scavenger, shows potential as an effective pharmacological treatment for the pathological symptoms of RVO. The study found that NSP-116 suppressed retinal edema and expansion of the non-perfused area by inhibiting the increased expression of VEGF, TNF-alpha, and 8-OHdG in the murine RVO model.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qianqian Wan, Heting Liu, Yuxin Xu, Qing Zhang, Liming Tao
Summary: This study found that upregulation of miR-194-5p can suppress Ang II-induced HRMEC dysfunction by regulating the SOX17/VEGF signaling, thus alleviating the symptoms of HR.
Article
Microbiology
Misa Tatsuoka, Riku Shimada, Fumina Ohsaka, Kei Sonoyama
Summary: Previous studies have shown that altered gut serotonin signaling is involved in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study found that the administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum reduced colonic serotonin levels and prevented the severity of DSS-induced colitis in mice. The results suggest that B. pseudolongum may be as effective as the anti-inflammatory drug 5-ASA in treating colitis.
BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Gianluca Costamagna, Elena Abati, Nereo Bresolin, Giacomo Pietro Comi, Stefania Corti
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic poses challenges for NMD patients, increasing the risk of severe infection and impacting treatment regimens. Special attention is needed for respiratory function and the influence of specific drugs on neuromuscular disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna M. Pietroboni, Silvia Lanfranconi, Alessio Novella, Tiziana Carandini, Andrea Arighi, Elena Abati, Roberta Brusa, Gianluca Costamagna, Giulia Lazzeri, Eleonora Mauri, Mattia Pozzato, Luca Sacchi, Gloria Valcamonica, Davide Villa, Sara Bonato, Giacomo P. Comi, Nereo Bresolin, Daniela Galimberti, Elio Scarpini, Alessandro Nobili
Summary: Before the Italian index case, there was an increase in cryptogenic strokes possibly due to concomitant COVID-19, leading to longer hospital stays and more frequent cerebrovascular complications.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gianluca Costamagna, Giacomo Pietro Comi, Stefania Corti
Summary: Different research groups in academia have developed induced pluripotent stem cell-based protocols for generating neural organoids, providing new insights into brain biology and diseases. Challenges remain in adopting organoid technology for large-scale drug screening in the industry, but potential technical solutions include CRISPR, single-cell RNA sequencing, and machine learning for analyzing complex data sets. Rapid progress in the field will help translate organoid technology towards large-scale drug screening for neurological disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Francesca S. Gazzaniga, Diogo M. Camacho, Meng Wu, Matheus F. Silva Palazzo, Alexandre L. M. Dinis, Francis N. Grafton, Mark J. Cartwright, Michael Super, Dennis L. Kasper, Donald E. Ingber
Summary: This study described methods for developing microfluidic organ-on-a-chip models of small and large intestine, focusing on host-microbiome interactions in the mouse Colon Chip. The study successfully demonstrated the effects of infection on epithelial cells and the symbiosis between microbiome bacteria and intestinal epithelium in the Colon Chips by populating them with complex living microbiome samples from mice or humans.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Delia Gagliardi, Gianluca Costamagna, Elena Abati, Eleonora Mauri, Roberta Brusa, Luigia Scudeller, Luca Andreoli, Gaia Citterio, Eleonora Piccin, Francesca Magri, Megi Meneri, Daniele Velardo, Monica Sciacco, Nereo Bresolin, Stefania Corti, Giacomo Pietro Comi
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic in Lombardy between February and May 2020 had a significant impact on the quality of life and perceived disease burden of patients with neuromuscular disorders, leading to limited access to outpatient care and ancillary services.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thais G. Moreira, Davide Mangani, Laura M. Cox, Jeffrey Leibowitz, Eduardo. L. C. Lobo, Mariana A. Oliveira, Christian D. Gauthier, Brenda N. Nakagaki, Valerie Willocq, Anya Song, Lydia Guo, David C. A. Lima, Gopal Murugaiyan, Oleg Butovsky, Galina Gabriely, Ana C. Anderson, Rafael M. Rezende, Ana Maria C. Faria, Howard L. Weiner
Summary: The dendritic cells (DC) residing in different parts of the gut mucosa, particularly in the upper and lower intestines, exhibit differential PD-L1 and XCR1 expression, driving specific T cell responses to prevent gut inflammation and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Gianluca Costamagna, Noemi Galli, Mafalda Rizzuti, Benedetta Frizzi, Fabio Biella, Michela Taiana, Stefano Ghezzi, Irene Faravelli, Giacomo Pietro Comi, Monica Nizzardo, Stefania Corti
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Marco Olivero, Delia Gagliardi, Gianluca Costamagna, Daniele Velardo, Francesca Magri, Fabio Triulzi, Giorgio Conte, Giacomo P. Comi, Stefania Corti, Megi Meneri
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy can manifest as non-convulsive status epilepticus. Electroencephalography and neuroimaging are useful for diagnosis and differentiation. Treatment with antiviral therapy and preventive measures can lead to improvement of the patient's condition.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Hematology
Marta Bortolotti, Gianluca Costamagna, Delia Gagliardi, Margherita Migone De Amicis, Nereo Bresolin, Giovanna Graziadei
MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Gianluca Costamagna, Alessandra Govoni, Adina Wise, Stefania Corti
Summary: Molecular therapies use the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms to treat genetic disorders, including RNA interference, mRNA modification, and gene replacement therapy. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease with multiple molecular therapies available. Early genetic diagnosis is crucial for appropriate therapy selection.
Article
Microbiology
Paola Bianchimano, Graham J. Britton, David S. Wallach, Emma M. Smith, Laura M. Cox, Shirong Liu, Kacper Iwanowski, Howard L. Weiner, Jeremiah J. Faith, Jose C. Clemente, Stephanie K. Tankou
Summary: The study found that the antibiotic vancomycin can improve the disease in the mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by modulating the gut microbiota. Meanwhile, the elevated levels of the gut microbiota strain Anaerotruncus colihominis may be associated with recovery in multiple sclerosis patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gianluca Costamagna, Sara Bonato, Stefania Corti, Megi Meneri
Summary: Cerebrovascular diseases are a leading cause of disability, morbidity, and death worldwide. Recent advances in endovascular procedures have allowed for a thorough analysis of thrombus composition and stroke mechanisms using single- or multi-omic approaches. These techniques hold the potential to better understand stroke-related thrombogenesis, select prevention strategies, and discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gianluca Costamagna, Andreas Hottinger, Haralampos Milionis, Dimitris Lambrou, Alexander Salerno, Davide Strambo, Francoise Livio, Babak Benjamin Navi, Patrik Michel
Summary: Patients with a new diagnosis of cancer are at increased risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to estimate the rate of stroke in patients with newly diagnosed cancer and previously known active cancer and to compare their demographic and clinical features, stroke mechanisms, and long-term outcomes. The study found that patients with newly diagnosed cancer had less disability and prior cerebrovascular disease but a higher 1-year risk of subsequent death compared to patients with previously known active cancer.
Article
Microbiology
Rafael M. Rezende, Laura M. Cox, Thais G. Moreira, Shirong Liu, Selma Boulenouar, Fyonn Dhang, Danielle S. LeServe, Brenda N. Nakagaki, Juliana R. Lopes, Bruna K. Tatematsu, Luisa Lemos, Julia Mayrink, Eduardo L. C. Lobo, Lydia Guo, Marilia G. Oliveira, Chantal Kuhn, Howard L. Weiner
Summary: This study reveals that the interaction between intestinal gamma delta T cells and gut microbiota is crucial for maintaining mucosal tolerance. Antibiotic treatment disrupts oral tolerance and reduces the number of intestinal gamma delta T cells. Mice deficient in gamma delta T cells exhibit altered microbiota composition, which leads to immune dysregulation and impaired tolerance in the small intestine. Colonizing the deficient mice with normal microbiota restores mucosal immune responses and tolerance.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lekha Pandit, Laura M. Cox, Chaithra Malli, Anitha D'Cunha, Timothy Rooney, Hrishikesh Lokhande, Valerie Willocq, Shrishti Saxena, Tanuja Chitnis
Summary: This study revealed elevated levels of C bolteae associated with AQP4+ NMOSD among Indian patients, suggesting a possible causal relationship with the immunopathogenesis of the disease. Presence of C bolteae correlated with expression of inflammatory genes associated with innate and adaptive immunities, specifically involved in plasma cell differentiation, B cell chemotaxis, and Th17 activation.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)