Article
Education & Educational Research
Roland Pilous, Timo Leuders, Christian Rueede
Summary: This study examines the use of content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge in the pedagogical reasoning of novices and different types of experts in the field of mathematics education. Verbal analysis was used to evaluate think-aloud interviews based on a planning task that required pedagogical reasoning. The results reveal differences in the use of mathematics-related content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge between novices and experts, as well as between different types of experts. It is concluded that novices tend to prioritize knowledge of teaching procedures, while experts' use of knowledge is influenced by their qualifications and experiences.
TEACHING AND TEACHER EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tobias Lieberei, Virginia Deborah Elaine Welter, Leroy Grossmann, Moritz Krell
Summary: This study analyzed the differential response behavior of experts and novices when using a multiple-choice PCK instrument. The results showed that experts scored significantly higher and had more consistent answers than novices. Experts more often correctly understood the intended meaning of the items and answered based on their PCK, while novices focused more on surface characteristics like intuition and personal experience. Therefore, it is important to consider the understanding and response differences among different target groups when developing PCK instruments.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Katrina J. Thomas, Ladan Yeganeh, Joanne Vlahovich, Suzanne M. Willey
Summary: This study investigates the experiences of midwifery students working with novice and expert preceptors, and the benefits and challenges of such collaborations from the perspective of the students. The findings suggest that feeling welcomed and receiving critical feedback are crucial for the student/preceptor relationship, and that novice preceptors are more easily relatable to students while expert preceptors offer valuable feedback and active teaching. Moreover, the consolidation of practice by novice preceptors can impact student learning opportunities.
NURSE EDUCATION TODAY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anne U. Gold, Emily M. Geraghty Ward, Casey L. Marsh, Twila A. Moon, Spruce W. Schoeneman, Alia L. Khan, Megan K. Littrell
Summary: This article introduces a new method to measure the sense of place in remote locations and explores its application in place-based education. The results suggest that virtual experiences can enhance an individual's sense of place for far-away locations. Additionally, the study found significant differences in the use of words and phrases to describe the place between experts and novices, with experts exhibiting more emotional and complex attributes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ignacio Villagran, Cristobal Moenne-Loccoz, Victoria Aguilera, Vicente Garcia, Jose Tomas Reyes, Sebastian Rodriguez, Constanza Miranda, Fernando Altermatt, Eduardo Fuentes-Lopez, Mauricio Delgado, Andres Neyem
Summary: This study compared biomechanical variables between experts and novices during a simulated CVA procedure. Experts showed significant differences in time, speed, acceleration, and jerk values, performing the procedure faster with higher values. These differences could be important for distinguishing between experts and novices and guiding training strategies.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ana Filipa Silva, Jose Afonso, Antonio Sampaio, Nuno Pimenta, Ricardo Franco Lima, Henrique de Oliveira Castro, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Israel Teoldo, Hugo Sarmento, Francisco Gonzalez Fernandez, Agnieszka Kaczmarek, Anna Oniszczuk, Eugenia Murawska-Cialowicz
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in visual search behavior between experts and novices in team sports athletes. The analysis of 22 studies found that the distinction between experts and novices was not clear in the variables analyzed, possibly due to the different strategies chosen in each study. This indicates the need for more research in this field to address this issue.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Frantisek Ochrana, Jana Koreckova, Radek Kovacs
Summary: This study examines the influence of nudging on the success of higher education institutions (HEI's) students, analyzing data from the Czech Republic. The research aimed to understand how students perceive and accept different forms of nudging. Questionnaire surveys (N=207) and structured interviews with experts (N=19) were conducted. The study found that information nudges and high-touch nudges were most accepted, while irritating and manipulative nudges had mixed acceptance levels. The interviews revealed experts' support for nudges as an important tool to enhance students' success, with acceptance varying based on age, study type, life experiences, and field of study, while parents' education showed ambivalence.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rose A. Marks, Erik J. Amezquita, Sarah Percival, Alejandra Rougon-Cardoso, Claudia Chibici-Revneanu, Shandry M. Tebele, Jill M. Farrant, Daniel H. Chitwood, Robert VanBuren
Summary: The field of plant science has experienced significant growth in the past two decades, but there are still global disparities and systemic inequalities. An analysis of 300,000 published papers in plant science over the same period reveals geographical biases, gender imbalances, and underrepresentation of biodiversity in the literature. Affluent nations dominate the publishing landscape, authors in certain regions are cited less frequently, and gender imbalances persist. This problematic system of publication fails to capture the global wealth of scientific knowledge and biological diversity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Doga Demirel, Bryce Palmer, Gunnar Sundberg, Bayazit Karaman, Tansel Halic, Sinan Kockara, Nizamettin Kockara, Mark Edward Rogers, Shahryar Ahmadi
Summary: This study aims to develop quantitative performance metrics and a deep learning model to objectively assess the surgical skills of novice and expert surgeons in arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery. The results showed significant differences in performance scores between experts and novices, and the proposed metrics successfully identified these differences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Elmer A. Castillo, Carly J. Block, Matthew D. Bird, Graig M. Chow
Summary: Professional philosophy as a topic of research and interest has gained attention. The study found similarities and differences in the professional philosophies of novice and expert consultants. Novice consultants should develop a philosophy in line with their values and beliefs early in their career, while expert consultants should continue to be aware of and recognize the importance of their philosophy in delivering effective services.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPORT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Danladi Chiroma Husaini, David D. Mphuthi, Jane A. Chiroma, Yusuf Abubakar, Adeniyi O. Adeleye
Summary: This study explores the experiences of nursing students in community and hospital-based pharmacy practice sites, and investigates the implications for pharmacology pedagogical practices. The findings highlight the importance of experiential learning in pharmacology for nursing students and the potential benefits of incorporating pharmacy placements into the nursing curriculum.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Sangah Lee, Min Zhong, Cerrone Foster, Miriam Segura-Totten, Melissa McCartney
Summary: Primary Scientific Literature (PSL) has been used in undergraduate classrooms to engage students with the research process and increase science literacy. However, most curricula lack formal training for undergraduates to critically read PSL and there are limited studies on the development of expertise in reading PSL in undergraduates. This study introduces a quantitative assessment tool, the PSL Reading Strategies Assessment, to evaluate undergraduates' development of reading strategies when learning to read PSL. The assessment tool is sensitive enough to measure differences among student populations and can guide instructors and researchers in changing curricula, implementing new teaching strategies, and developing students' science literacy. Developing expert-like reading strategies in students learning to read PSL is not easy.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOLOGY EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shaojie Zhang, Hui Yu, Lawrence Jun Zhang
Summary: Comparing lexical bundles in student writing and expert writing reveals significant structural and functional differences, with student writers using verb phrase-based bundles more frequently but lacking reader awareness and complete knowledge of stance expressions.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Julia R. Salinaro, Patricia J. McNally, Joao R. Nickenig Vissoci, Sarah C. Ellestad, Brian Nelson, Joshua S. Broder
Summary: The study aimed to compare expert and novice interpretations of novice-acquired 3D ultrasound volumes with expert interpretations of 2D ultrasound images, and found that the measurements were consistent and highly reliable between them.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Nicolas Durand, Jean-Baptiste Gotteland, Nadine Matton, Lea Bortolotti, Margot Sandt
Summary: Humans still have a significant role in air traffic control, but their limitations can result in delays and decreased airspace capacity. A study comparing performances of trainee and experienced air traffic controllers found that a dynamic visualization tool can greatly enhance conflict resolution efficiency in complex situations. Experienced controllers performed better with the tool, but even trainees showed improved performance with its use.
COGNITION TECHNOLOGY & WORK
(2021)